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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الديات
Book of Blood Money
باب: العاقلة
Chapter: The aqilah (paternal kin who bear the blood money)
Bayhaqi 16369 — The aqilah (paternal kin who bear the blood money)
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْأَخْنَسِ بْنِ شَرِيقٍ، قَالَ: أَخَذْتُ مِنْ آلِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ، كَانَ مَقْرُونًا بِكِتَابِ الصَّدَقَةِ الَّذِي كَتَبَ عُمَرُ لِلْعُمَّالِ: " بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَيَثْرِبَ وَمَنْ تَبِعَهُمْ فَلَحِقَ بِهِمْ وَجَاهَدَ مَعَهُمْ، أَنَّهُمْ أُمَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ دُونَ النَّاسِ، الْمُهَاجِرِونَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى رَبْعَتِهِمْ يَتَعَاقَلُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَهُمْ يَفِدُونَ عَانِيَهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالْقِسْطِ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَبَنُو عَوْفٍ عَلَى رَبْعَتِهِمْ يَتَعَاقَلُونَ مَعَاقِلَهُمُ الْأُولَى، وَكُلُّ طَائِفَةٍ تَفْدِي عَانِيَهَا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالْقِسْطِ بَيْنَ ⦗١٨٥⦘ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ " ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ عَلَى هَذَا النَّسَقِ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ، ثُمَّ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ، ثُمَّ بَنِي جُشَمَ، ثُمَّ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ، ثُمَّ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ، ثُمَّ بَنِي النَّبِيتِ، ثُمَّ بَنِي الْأَوْسِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " وَإِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَا يَتْرُكُونَ مُفْرَحًا مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُعْطُوهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فِي فِدَاءٍ أَوْ عَقْلٍ ".
Uthman bin Muhammad bin Uthman bin al-Akhnas bin Shariq said: I took this document from the family of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him); it was attached to the letter on sadaqah which he (may Allah be pleased with him) had written to the officials: "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. This is a document from Muhammad the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) between the Muslims and the believers of Quraysh and Yathrib, and those who follow them, join them and strive (in jihad) with them: that they are one ummah, distinct from (other) people. The Muhajirun of Quraysh, according to their existing custom, pay blood money among themselves, and they ransom their captives with kindness and justice among the believers. And Banu Awf, according to their existing custom, pay their blood money as before, and every group ransoms its captive with kindness and justice among the believers." Then, in this same order, he mentioned Banu al-Harith, then Banu Sa'idah, then Banu Jusham, then Banu al-Najjar, then Banu Amr bin Awf, then Banu al-Nabit, then Banu al-Aws. Then he said: "And the believers shall not leave anyone among them who is weighed down by debt without giving him (help), with kindness, in ransom or blood money."
