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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الديات
Book of Blood Money
جماع أبواب أسنان إبل الخطأ، وتقويمها، وديات النفوس والجراح، وغيرها -- باب: دية النفس
Chapters on the ages of camels for accidental killing, their valuation, and blood money for lives, wounds and other matters -- Chapter: Blood money for a life
Bayhaqi 16142 — s on the ages of camels for accidental killing
قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَأً، وَمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَأً فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ}.
Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: "And it is not for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake, then (upon him is) the freeing of a believing slave and a diyah handed over to the heirs of the slain." [Surah al-Nisa: 92]
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، كَانَ شَدِيدًا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَاءَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَعَيَّاشٌ لَا يَشْعُرُ، فَلَقِيَهُ عَيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلَهُ، " فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَأً} الْآيَةَ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ مَوْصُولًا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: فَأَحْكَمَ اللهُ فِي تَنْزِيلِ كِتَابِهِ أَنَّ عَلَى قَاتِلِ الْمُؤْمِنِ دِيَةً مُسَلَّمَةً إِلَى أَهْلِهِ، وَأَبَانَ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَمَّ الدِّيَةِ.
Abd al-Rahman bin al-Qasim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that al-Harith bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) was a bitter enemy of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He became a Muslim, but Ayyash (may Allah be pleased with him) did not know of his Islam, so Ayyash (may Allah be pleased with him) came and killed him. Then Allah revealed this verse: "And it is not for a believer to kill a believer" [Surah al-Nisa: 92]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah has stated in His Book the prescribed diyah due from the killer of a believer, and He made it clear through the tongue of His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah has stated in His Book the prescribed diyah due from the killer of a believer, and He made it clear through the tongue of His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
