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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النفقات
Book of Maintenance
باب: الخالة أحق بالحضانة من العصبة
Chapter: The maternal aunt has more right to custody than the paternal kin
Bayhaqi 15768 — The maternal aunt has more right to custody
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَحْبُوبِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ، قَالَ: اعْتَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فِي ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ، فَأَبَى أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ أَنْ يَدَعُوهُ يَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى قَاضَاهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَلَمَّا كَتَبُوا الْكِتَابَ كَتَبُوا هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ، فَقَالُوا: لَا نُقِرُّ بِهَذَا، وَلَوْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ مَا مَنَعْنَاكَ شَيْئًا، وَلَكِنْ أَنْتَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: " أَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ، وَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، يَا عَلِيُّ، امْحُ " رَسُولُ اللهِ " قَالَ: وَاللهِ لَا أَمْحُوكَ أَبَدًا. فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْكِتَابَ، وَلَيْسَ يُحْسِنُ يَكْتُبُ مَكَانَ " رَسُولُ اللهِ " فَكَتَبَ هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ: أَنْ لَا يُدْخِلَ مَكَّةَ السِّلَاحَ إِلَّا السَّيْفَ فِي الْقِرَابِ، وَأَنْ لَا يُخْرِجَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا أَحَدًا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَّبِعَهُ، وَأَنْ لَا يَمْنَعَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِهَا. فَلَمَّا دَخَلَهَا وَمَضَى الْأَجَلُ، أَتَوْا عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالُوا: قُلْ لِصَاحِبِكَ فَلْيَخْرُجْ عَنَّا، فَقَدْ مَضَى الْأَجَلُ. فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، تَتْبَعُهُمْ ابْنَةُ حَمْزَةَ، فَنَادَتْ: يَا عَمُّ، يَا عَمُّ. فَتَنَاوَلَهَا عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهَا، وَقَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ: دُونَكِ. فَحَمَلَتْهَا، فَاخْتَصَمَ فِيهَا عَلِيٌّ، وَزَيْدٌ، وَجَعْفَرٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ. فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: أَنَا أَخَذْتُهَا، وَهِيَ بِنْتُ عَمِّي. قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ: ابْنَةُ عَمِّي، وَخَالَتُهَا تَحْتِي. وَقَالَ زَيْدٌ: ابْنَةُ أَخِي. فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِخَالَتِهَا، وَقَالَ: " الْخَالَةُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأُمِّ " وَقَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " أَنْتَ مِنِّي، ⦗٩⦘ وَأَنَا مِنْكَ " وَقَالَ لِجَعْفَرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " أَشْبَهْتَ خَلْقِي، وَخُلُقِي " وَقَالَ لِزَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " أَنْتَ أَخُونَا، وَمَوْلَانَا " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُوسَى، هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ مُدْرَجًا. وَرَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ قِصَّةَ ابْنَةِ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ هَانِئِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ، وَهُبَيْرَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى مَرَّةً أُخْرَى مُنْفَرِدَةً، وَرَوَاهُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ.
Sayyiduna al-Bara' (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to perform Umrah in Dhu al-Qa'dah. The people of Makkah refused, saying that the Muslims could not enter Makkah until an agreement was made, the agreement being that the Muslims would not stay more than three days. When the agreement was written, the scribe wrote: This is the agreement settled by Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The idolaters said: If we accepted you as the Messenger of Allah, what would the dispute be about? You are not the Messenger of Allah; rather, you are Muhammad bin Abdullah. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I am the Messenger of Allah, and I am also the son of Abdullah." And he said: "O Ali! Erase the words 'Messenger of Allah'." Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! I will never erase it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) took the document and wrote on it: This is the agreement settled by Muhammad bin Abdullah: that they will not enter Makkah with weapons, except a sword, and that too in its sheath; that no one from the people of Makkah will go with the Muslims; and that if any Muslim wishes to stay with the people of Makkah, leaving the Muslims, he will not be prevented. When the Muslims had entered Makkah and the term was completed, the people of Makkah came to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: Tell your companion to leave this place now. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out from Makkah, and the daughter of Sayyiduna Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) followed him, calling out: O uncle! O uncle! Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) took hold of her and handed her over to Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). Then Sayyiduna Ali, Sayyiduna Zayd and Sayyiduna Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with them) disputed over her. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I took hold of her, and she is the daughter of my paternal uncle. Sayyiduna Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him) said: She is the daughter of my paternal uncle too, and her maternal aunt is married to me. Sayyiduna Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: She is my brother's daughter. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ruled in favour of her maternal aunt and said: "The maternal aunt is in the position of the mother." He said to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "You are from me and I am from you." He said to Sayyiduna Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him): "You resemble me in appearance and in character." And he said to Sayyiduna Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him): "O Zayd! You are our brother and our mawla."
Imam Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded it in his Sahih from Ubaydullah bin Musa.
Likewise, Ubaydullah bin Musa narrated it from Isra'il in a mudraj (interpolated) form.
Imam Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded it in his Sahih from Ubaydullah bin Musa.
Likewise, Ubaydullah bin Musa narrated it from Isra'il in a mudraj (interpolated) form.
