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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النفقات
Book of Maintenance
باب: المبتوتة لا نفقة لها إلا أن تكون حاملا
Chapter: A woman irrevocably divorced has no maintenance unless she is pregnant
Bayhaqi 15725 — A woman irrevocably divorced has no maintenance unless
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، نا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، نا شَاذَانُ، أنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنِ الْبَهِيِّ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ: " يَا فَاطِمَةُ إِنَّمَا السُّكْنَى وَالنَّفَقَةُ لِمَنْ كَانَ لِزَوْجِهَا عَلَيْهَا الرَّجْعَةُ " كَذَا أَتَى بِهِ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ شَاذَانُ وَالصَّحِيحُ هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: رِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ فِي نَفْيِ النَّفَقَةِ دُونَ السُّكْنَى، وَكَذَلِكَ رِوَايَةُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَالْبَهِيِّ نَفْيُهُمَا جَمِيعًا وَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ ⦗٧٧٩⦘ أَبِي الْجَهْمِ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ، وَالْأَشْبَهُ بِسِيَاقِ الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَفَى النَّفَقَةَ وَأَذِنَ لَهَا فِي الِانْتِقَالِ لِعِلَّةٍ لَعَلَّهَا اسْتَحَيَتْ مِنْ ذِكْرِهَا وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهَا غَيْرُهَا عَلَى مَا قَدَّمْنَا ذِكْرَهَا فِي كِتَابِ الْعِدَدِ وَلَمْ يَرِدْ نَفْيُ السُّكْنَى أَصْلًا، أَلَا تَرَاهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لَهَا: اعْتَدِّي حَيْثُ شِئْتِ وَلَكِنَّهُ حَصَنَهَا حَيْثُ رَضِيَ إِذْ كَانَ زَوْجُهَا غَائِبًا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَكِيلٌ يُحْصِنُهَا، وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: " إِنَّمَا السُّكْنَى وَالنَّفَقَةُ لِمَنْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ رَجْعَةٌ " فَلَيْسَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَلَمْ يَرِدْ مِنْ وَجْهٍ يُثْبِتُ مِثْلَهُ، وَأَمَّا إِنْكَارُ مَنْ أَنْكَرَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ لِكِتْمَانِهَا السَّبَبَ فِي نَقْلِهَا.
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her): "O Fatimah, housing and maintenance are only for the one over whom her husband (still) has the right of taking her back." This is how al-Aswad bin Amir Shadhan brought it, and the correct (version) is the first one.
Imam al-Bayhaqi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The narration of the majority from Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him), from Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her), negates maintenance but not housing; and likewise is the narration of Ubaydullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah have mercy on him) from Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). In the narration of some of them from Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him), and in the narration of al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) and al-Bahi (may Allah have mercy on him), both are negated together; and there is disagreement about it in the narration of Abu Bakr bin Abi al-Jahm (may Allah have mercy on him) from Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). What best fits the context of the hadith is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) negated maintenance, and permitted her to move because of a reason which perhaps she was shy to mention, and others mentioned it, as we have mentioned earlier in 'Kitab al-Idad'. The negation of housing was not narrated (soundly) at all. Do you not see that he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not say to her: "Spend your waiting period wherever you wish"? Rather, he sheltered her where he approved, since her husband was absent and had no agent to shelter her. As for his saying: "Housing and maintenance are only for the one regarding whom there is (a right of) taking back," it is not known in this hadith, and it has not come through any route that establishes the like of it. As for the objection of those who objected to Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), it was only because she concealed the reason for her moving.
Imam al-Bayhaqi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The narration of the majority from Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him), from Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her), negates maintenance but not housing; and likewise is the narration of Ubaydullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah have mercy on him) from Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). In the narration of some of them from Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him), and in the narration of al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) and al-Bahi (may Allah have mercy on him), both are negated together; and there is disagreement about it in the narration of Abu Bakr bin Abi al-Jahm (may Allah have mercy on him) from Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). What best fits the context of the hadith is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) negated maintenance, and permitted her to move because of a reason which perhaps she was shy to mention, and others mentioned it, as we have mentioned earlier in 'Kitab al-Idad'. The negation of housing was not narrated (soundly) at all. Do you not see that he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not say to her: "Spend your waiting period wherever you wish"? Rather, he sheltered her where he approved, since her husband was absent and had no agent to shelter her. As for his saying: "Housing and maintenance are only for the one regarding whom there is (a right of) taking back," it is not known in this hadith, and it has not come through any route that establishes the like of it. As for the objection of those who objected to Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), it was only because she concealed the reason for her moving.
