Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب اللعان
Book of Lian
باب: سنة اللعان ونفي الولد وإلحاقه بالأم وغير ذلك
Chapter: The Sunnah of li'an, disowning the child, attaching him to the mother, and related matters
Bayhaqi 15328 — The Sunnah of li'an, disowning the child, attaching
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْعَلَوِيُّ إِمْلَاءً نا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الشَّرْقِيُّ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الذُّهْلِيُّ، نا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَجُلًا لَاعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَانْتَفَى مِنْ وَلَدِهَا " فَفَرَّقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَأَلْحَقَ الْوَلَدَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ " أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: يُحْتَمَلُ طَلَاقُهُ ثَلَاثًا، يَعْنِي فِي حَدِيثِ سَهْلٍ أَنْ يَكُونَ بِمَا وَجَدَ فِي نَفْسِهِ بِعِلْمِهِ بِصِدْقِهِ وَكَذِبِهَا وَجُرْأَتِهَا عَلَى النَّهْيِ، فَطَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا جَاهِلًا بِأَنَّ اللِّعَانَ فُرْقَةٌ، فَكَانَ كَمَنْ طَلَّقَ مَنْ طَلَّقَ عَلَيْهِ بِغَيْرِ طَلَاقِهِ وَكَمَنْ شَرَطَ الْعُهْدَةَ فِي الْبَيْعِ، وَالضَّمَانَ فِي السَّلَفِ، وَهُوَ يَلْزَمُهُ شَرَطَ أَوْ لَمْ يَشْرِطْ، قَالَ: وَزَادَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ، وَتَفْرِيقُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَيْرُ فُرْقَةِ الزَّوْجِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ تَفْرِيقُ حُكْمٍ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَقَدْ رَوَيْنَا فِي حَدِيثِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قِصَّةِ هِلَالِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ قَالَ: وَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " أَنْ لَا تُرْمَى وَلَا يُرْمَى وَلَدُهَا، وَمَنْ رَمَاهَا أَوْ رَمَى وَلَدَهَا جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ، وَلَيْسَ لَهَا عَلَيْهِ قُوتٌ وَلَا سُكْنَى؛ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُمَا يَتَفَرَّقَانِ بِغَيْرِ طَلَاقٍ وَلَا مُتَوَفًّى عَنْهَا "، وَهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ تُؤَكِّدُ مَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى.
Nafi' narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man performed li'an against his wife and disowned his child, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) separated the two of them and gave the child to the woman.
Note: In the hadith of Sahl there is the possibility of three divorces; because he knew his own truthfulness and was certain of his wife's lying and of her boldness in denying it, he pronounced three divorces out of not knowing, since li'an is in itself a separation. So he was like one who divorces a woman who has already been separated from him without his divorce, and like stipulating a warranty in a sale and a guarantee in a salaf (advance-payment) transaction, although it is binding whether one stipulates it or not. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) separated the two who performed li'an; so the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) separating them is something other than the husband's separating; it is a separation that he (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed as a ruling.
Ikrimah narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), in the story of Hilal bin Umayyah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ruled that the mother and the child are not to be reproached, and whoever accuses them is to be given the prescribed punishment (hadd), and that this woman is entitled to neither food nor housing, because they were separated without divorce and without death.
This narration confirms what Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said.
Note: In the hadith of Sahl there is the possibility of three divorces; because he knew his own truthfulness and was certain of his wife's lying and of her boldness in denying it, he pronounced three divorces out of not knowing, since li'an is in itself a separation. So he was like one who divorces a woman who has already been separated from him without his divorce, and like stipulating a warranty in a sale and a guarantee in a salaf (advance-payment) transaction, although it is binding whether one stipulates it or not. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) separated the two who performed li'an; so the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) separating them is something other than the husband's separating; it is a separation that he (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed as a ruling.
Ikrimah narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), in the story of Hilal bin Umayyah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ruled that the mother and the child are not to be reproached, and whoever accuses them is to be given the prescribed punishment (hadd), and that this woman is entitled to neither food nor housing, because they were separated without divorce and without death.
This narration confirms what Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said.
