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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: ما جاء في مفاداة الرجال منهم بالمال
Chapter: Reports on ransoming their men for wealth
Bayhaqi 12849 — Reports on ransoming their men for wealth
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: لَمَّا بَعَثَ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ فِي فِدَاءِ أَسْرَاهُمْ، بَعَثَتْ زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي فِدَاءِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ، وَبَعَثَتْ فِيهِ بِقِلَادَةٍ كَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ أَدْخَلَتْهَا بِهَا عَلَى أَبِي الْعَاصِ حِينَ بَنَى عَلَيْهَا. فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَقَّ لَهَا رِقَّةً شَدِيدَةً وَقَالَ: " إِنْ رَأَيْتُمْ أَنْ تُطْلِقُوا لَهَا أَسِيرَهَا وَتَرُدُّوا عَلَيْهَا الَّذِي لَهَا فَافْعَلُوا "، قَالُوا: نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ. ⦗٥٢٤⦘ فاَطْلَقُوه وَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهَا الَّذِي لَهَا. وَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي كُنْتُ مُسْلِمًا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " اللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِسْلَامِكَ، فَإِنْ يَكُنْ كَمَا تَقُولُ فَاللهُ يَجْزِيكَ، فَافْدِ نَفْسَكَ وَابْنَيْ أَخَوَيْكَ نَوْفَلَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَعَقِيلَ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَحَلِيفَكَ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ جَحْدَمٍ، أَخُو بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ فِهْرٍ "، فَقَالَ: مَا ذَاكَ عِنْدِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ: " فَأَيْنَ الْمَالُ الَّذِي دَفَنْتَ أَنْتَ وَأُمُّ الْفَضْلِ فَقُلْتَ لَهَا: إِنْ أُصِبْتُ فَهَذَا الْمَالُ لِبَنِيَّ الْفَضْلِ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ وَقُثَمَ؟ "، فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُهُ، إِنَّ هَذَا لَشَيْءٌ مَا عَلِمَهُ أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي وَغَيْرُ أُمِّ الْفَضْلِ، فَاحْتَسِبْ لِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا أَصَبْتُمْ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ أُوقِيَّةٍ مِنْ مَالٍ كَانَ مَعِي، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَفْعَلُ " فَفَدَى الْعَبَّاسُ نَفْسَهُ وَابْنَيْ أَخَوَيْهِ وَحَلِيفَهُ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيهَا {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لِمَنْ فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ مِنَ الْأَسْرَى إِنْ يَعْلَمِ اللهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ خَيْرًا يُؤْتِكُمْ خَيْرًا مِمَّا أُخِذَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ وَاللهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} [الأنفال: ٧٠]، وَأَعْطَانِي اللهُ مَكَانَ الْعِشْرِينَ الْأُوقِيَّةِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ عِشْرِينَ عَبْدًا، كُلُّهُمْ فِي يَدِهِ مَالٌ يَضْرِبُ بِهِ، مَعَ مَا أَرْجُو مِنْ مَغْفِرَةِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَذَا فِيمَا حَدَّثَنَا بِهِ شَيْخُنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ فِي كِتَابِ الْمُسْتَدْرَكِ..
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: When the people of Makkah sent the ransoms for their captives, Zaynab, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), sent as ransom for Abu al-As the necklace which Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) had given Zaynab at the time of her marriage to Abu al-As. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw it, he was overcome with tenderness, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If you see fit, release Zaynab's captive and return her ransom to her." They said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah. So they released him and returned her ransom. Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, I am a Muslim. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah knows best about your Islam. If it is truly as you say, Allah will reward you for it. So pay the ransom for yourself and your two nephews, Nawfal bin al-Harith and Aqil bin Abi Talib, and for your ally Utbah bin Amr bin Jahdam of Banu al-Harith bin Fihr." Al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, I have nothing. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then where is the wealth that you and Umm al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with her) buried, when you said to her: 'If I am killed, this wealth is for my sons al-Fadl, Abdullah and Qutham'?" Al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, I know that you are the Messenger of Allah; this was something no one knew except me and Umm al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with her). So, O Messenger of Allah, count towards my ransom the twenty uqiyah of wealth I had with me, which you took. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I will do so." So al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) paid the ransom for himself, his two nephews and his ally, and Allah Almighty revealed this verse: "O Prophet, say to the captives who are in your hands: If Allah knows any good in your hearts, He will give you better than what was taken from you, and He will forgive you; and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful" [Surah al-Anfal: 70]. So in Islam Allah gave me twenty slaves in place of the twenty uqiyah, each of them with wealth in his hand to trade with, besides what I hope for of the forgiveness of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic.
