Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: ما جاء في مفاداة الرجال منهم بالمال
Chapter: Reports on ransoming their men for wealth
Bayhaqi 12844 — Reports on ransoming their men for wealth
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ جَنَاحُ بْنُ نُذَيْرٍ الْقَاضِي بِالْكُوفَةِ، أنا أَبُو جَعْفَرِ بْنُ دُحَيْمٍ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَازِمِ بْنِ أَبِي غَرَزَةَ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبِيدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأُسَارَى؟ " فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَوْمُكَ وَأَصْلُكَ، اسْتَبْقِهِمْ وَاسْتَتِبْهُمْ؛ لَعَلَّ اللهَ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَقَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، كَذَّبُوكَ وَأَخْرَجُوكَ، قَدِّمْهُمْ فَاضْرِبْ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ، وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَنْتَ فِي وَادٍ كَثِيرِ الْحَطَبِ فَأَضْرِمِ الْوَادِي عَلَيْهِمْ نَارًا، ثُمَّ أَلْقِهِمْ فِيهِ، قَالَ: فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا، ثُمَّ قَامَ فَدَخَلَ، فَقَالَ نَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَقَالَ نَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ عُمَرَ، وَقَالَ نَاسٌ: يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: " إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُلِينُ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَلْيَنَ مِنَ اللَّبَنِ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ لَيُشَدِّدُ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَشَدَّ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَمَثَلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ {وَمَنْ تَبِعَنِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَإِنَّكَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ}، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَمَثَلِ عِيسَى قَالَ {إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ} [المائدة: ١١٨]، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا عُمَرُ مَثَلُ مُوسَى قَالَ {رَبَّنَا اطْمِسَ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى يَرَوَا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ} [يونس: ٨٨]، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا عُمَرُ كَمَثَلِ نُوحٍ قَالَ {رَبِّ لَا تَذَرْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ دَيَّارًا} [نوح: ٢٦]، أَنْتُمْ عَالَةٌ؛ فَلَا يَنْفَلِتَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا بِفِدَاءٍ أَوْ ضَرْبَةِ عُنُقٍ "، فَقَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِلَّا سُهَيْلَ بْنَ بَيْضَاءَ؛ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ يَذْكُرُ الْإِسْلَامَ، فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُنِي فِي يَوْمٍ أَخْوَفَ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَيَّ حِجَارَةٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِنِّي فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ، حَتَّى قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِلَّا سُهَيْلَ بْنَ بَيْضَاءَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى} [الأنفال: ٦٧]، إِلَى آخِرِ الثَّلَاثِ الْآيَاتِ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: On the day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What do you say about these captives?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, they are your people and your kin. Keep them alive and ask them to repent; perhaps Allah will accept their repentance. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, they belied you and drove you out; bring them forward and strike their necks. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), you are in a valley with plenty of firewood; kindle a fire in the valley and throw them into it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent and gave no reply, then he stood up. Some people said: He should act on the word of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him); some said: He should act on the word of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him); and some said: He should act on the word of Ibn Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out to them and said: "Allah Almighty has made the hearts of some men soft in this matter, even softer than milk, and has made the hearts of some hard, even harder than stone. O Abu Bakr, your example is like that of Ibrahim (peace be upon him), who said: 'Whoever follows me is of me, and whoever disobeys me, then indeed You are Forgiving, Merciful' [Surah Ibrahim: 36]. And O Abu Bakr, your example is like that of Isa (peace be upon him), who said: 'If You punish them, they are Your servants; and if You forgive them, then indeed You are the Mighty, the Wise' [Surah al-Ma'idah: 118]. And O Umar, your example is like that of Musa (peace be upon him), who said: 'Our Lord, obliterate their wealth and harden their hearts, so that they do not believe until they see the painful punishment' [Surah Yunus: 88]. And O Umar, your example is like that of Nuh (peace be upon him), who said: 'My Lord, do not leave upon the earth a single inhabitant from among the disbelievers' [Surah Nuh: 26]. You are in need, so let none of them go free except for a ransom or by being killed." Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), except Suhayl bin Bayda', for I have heard him speak of Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent. I have never seen a day on which I was more afraid than that day, as though stones were falling upon me from the sky, until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Except Suhayl bin Bayda'." Then Allah Almighty revealed this verse: "It is not for a prophet to have captives" [Surah al-Anfal: 67].
