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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الفرائض
Book of Inheritance
باب: ميراث المرتد
Chapter: The inheritance of an apostate
Bayhaqi 12459 — The inheritance of an apostate
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَعْبَدٍ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ قِسْطٍ الرَّقِّيُّ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَقِيتُ عَمِّي وَمَعَهُ رَايَةٌ فَقُلْتُ: أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ: " بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ نَكَحَ امْرَأَةَ أَبِيهِ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ وَآخُذَ مَالَهُ " لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الرُّوذْبَارِيِّ، وَقَدْ حَمَلَ هَذَا بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَلَى أَنَّهُ نَكَحَهَا مُعْتَقِدًا لِإِبَاحَتِهِ، فَصَارَ بِهِ مُرْتَدًّا وَجَبَ قَتْلُهُ وَأَخْذُ مَالِهِ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ يَسْأَلُهُمَا عَنْ مِيرَاثِ الْمُرْتَدِّ، فَقَالَا: لِبَيْتِ الْمَالِ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: يَعْنِيَانِ أَنَّهُ فَيْءٌ.
Yazid bin al-Bara narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I met my uncle carrying a banner, and I said: Where are you headed? He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has sent me to a man who has married his father's wife, "(and ordered me) to strike his neck and take his wealth."
Some of our companions have taken this to mean that he married her believing it to be permissible, and thereby became an apostate, so that killing him and taking his wealth became obligatory.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It has been reported that Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) asking them about the inheritance of an apostate, and they said: "It goes to the public treasury (bayt al-mal)." Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The two of them meant that it is fay'.
Some of our companions have taken this to mean that he married her believing it to be permissible, and thereby became an apostate, so that killing him and taking his wealth became obligatory.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It has been reported that Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) asking them about the inheritance of an apostate, and they said: "It goes to the public treasury (bayt al-mal)." Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The two of them meant that it is fay'.
