Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الفرائض
Book of Inheritance
باب: من قال: يرث قاتل الخطأ من المال، ولا يورث من الدية
Chapter: Those who said: One who kills by mistake inherits from the wealth but not from the blood money
Bayhaqi 12249 — Those who said: One who kills by mistake inherits
اُردوEn
يَعْنِي مَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمَطِيرِيُّ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا حَسَنُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ جَدِّي عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَامَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ: " لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ، الْمَرْأَةُ تَرِثُ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا وَمَالِهِ، وَهُوَ يَرِثُ مِنْ دِيَتِهَا وَمَالِهَا، مَا لَمْ يَقْتُلْ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ عَمْدًا، فَإِنْ قَتَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ عَمْدًا لَمْ يَرِثْ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ وَمَالِهِ شَيْئًا، وَإِنْ قَتَلَ صَاحِبَهُ خَطَأً وَرِثَ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَلَمْ يَرِثْ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ " قَالَ: وَأنبأ عَلِيٌّ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ مِثْلَهُ. قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الطَّائِفِيُّ ثِقَةٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ، وَلَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ مَخْرَمَةَ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، وَالشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ كَالْمُتَوَقِّفِ فِي رِوَايَاتِ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ إِذَا لَمْ يَنْضَمَّ إِلَيْهَا مَا يُؤَكِّدُهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: لَيْسَ فِي الْفَرْقِ بَيْنَ أَنْ يَرِثَ قَاتِلُ الْخَطَأِ وَلَا يَرِثُ قَاتِلُ الْعَمْدِ خَبَرٌ يُتَّبَعُ، ⦗٣٦٤⦘ إِلَّا خَبَرُ رَجُلٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَرْفَعُهُ، لَوْ كَانَ ثَابِتًا كَانَتِ الْحُجَّةُ فِيهِ، وَلَكِنْ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُثْبَتَ لَهُ شَيْءٌ وَيُرَدُّ لَهُ آخَرُ لَا مُعَارِضَ لَهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: إِذَا لَمْ يَثْبُتِ الْحَدِيثُ فَلَا يَرِثُ عَمْدًا وَلَا خَطَأً شَيْئًا، أَشْبَهُ بِعُمُومِ أَنْ لَا يَرِثَ قَاتِلٌ مِمَّنْ قَتَلَ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up on the day of the Conquest of Makkah and said: "The people of two religions will not inherit from one another. A woman inherits from her husband's blood money and his wealth, and he inherits from her blood money and her wealth, as long as neither of them has deliberately killed the other. If one of them deliberately killed the other, he will not inherit anything from his blood money or his wealth; and if he killed him by mistake, he will inherit from the wealth but not from the blood money."
Ali (al-Daraqutni) said: Muhammad bin Sa'id al-Ta'ifi is thiqah (trustworthy). The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi, who is not a proof (hujjah), also narrated it through al-Dahhak bin Uthman and Makhramah bin Bukayr; and al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) used to withhold judgement on the narrations of Amr bin Shu'ayb when nothing was joined to them to corroborate them.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "There is no report to be followed regarding the distinction that one who kills by mistake inherits while one who kills deliberately does not, except the report of one man who attributes it to the Prophet; if it were established, it would be the proof. But it is not permissible to affirm one thing for him and reject another of his that has nothing opposing it."
Since this hadith is not established, he will not inherit, whether he killed deliberately or by mistake; this is closer to the general principle that a killer does not inherit from the one he killed.
Ali (al-Daraqutni) said: Muhammad bin Sa'id al-Ta'ifi is thiqah (trustworthy). The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi, who is not a proof (hujjah), also narrated it through al-Dahhak bin Uthman and Makhramah bin Bukayr; and al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) used to withhold judgement on the narrations of Amr bin Shu'ayb when nothing was joined to them to corroborate them.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "There is no report to be followed regarding the distinction that one who kills by mistake inherits while one who kills deliberately does not, except the report of one man who attributes it to the Prophet; if it were established, it would be the proof. But it is not permissible to affirm one thing for him and reject another of his that has nothing opposing it."
Since this hadith is not established, he will not inherit, whether he killed deliberately or by mistake; this is closer to the general principle that a killer does not inherit from the one he killed.
