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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
باب: لا يجوز السلف حتى يدفع المسلف ثمن ما سلف فيه يكون السلف بكيل معلوم أو وزن معلوم
Chapter: Advance payment is not valid until the buyer pays the price, and it is by a known measure or a known weight
Bayhaqi 11109 — Advance payment is not valid until the buyer pays
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: لِأَنَّ قَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " مَنْ سَلَّفَ فَلْيُسْلِفْ "، إِنَّمَا قَالَ: " فَلْيُعْطِ "، لَا يَقَعُ اسْمُ التَّسْلِيفِ فِيهِ حَتَّى يُعْطِيَهُ مَا سَلَّفَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفَارِقَ مَنْ سَلَّفَهُ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Because by the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), 'Whoever makes a salaf (salam sale), let him make the salaf,' he (peace and blessings be upon him) meant: 'Let him pay (the price).' The term taslif (advance payment) does not apply to it until he pays him what he has to pay in advance before he parts from the one with whom he made the salaf contract."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمِنْهَالِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي التَّمْرِ السَّنَتَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثَ، فَقَالَ: " مَنْ سَلَّفَ فِي تَمْرٍ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ، وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ، إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ " أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ زُرَارَةَ وَغَيْرِهِ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْكَالِئِ بِالْكَالِئِ وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا نَرَى بِالسَّلَفِ بَأْسًا، الْوَرِقُ فِي شَيْءٍ الْوَرِقُ نَقْدًا.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madinah while its people were making salaf sales in dates for two and three years. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever makes a salaf sale in dates, let him do so for a known weight, a known measure and to a known term." In one narration it is stated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale of a deferred debt for a deferred debt. And it is reported from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "We see no harm in the salaf sale, when silver is paid for something, the silver being paid in cash."
