Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
باب: ما جاء في وضع الجائحة
Chapter: Reports on remitting a loss from a natural calamity
Bayhaqi 10629 — Reports on remitting a loss from a natural calamity
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أنا الرَّبِيعُ، قَالَ: قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ يُحَدِّثُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ كَثِيرًا فِي طُولِ مُجَالَسَتِي لَهُ مَا لَا أُحْصِي مَا سَمِعْتُهُ يُحَدِّثُ مِنْ كَثْرَتِهِ لَا يَذْكُرُ فِيهِ: " أَمَرَ بِوَضْعِ الْجَوَائِحِ " لَا يَزِيدُ عَلَى " أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ السِّنِينَ "، ثُمَّ زَادَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ: " وَأَمَرَ بِوَضْعِ الْجَوَائِحِ " قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: وَكَانَ حُمَيْدٌ يَذْكُرُ بَعْدَ بَيْعِ السِّنِينَ كَلَامًا قَبْلَ وَضْعِ الْجَوَائِحِ لَا أَحْفَظُهُ، فَكُنْتُ أَكُفُّ عَنْ ذِكْرِ وَضْعِ الْجَوَائِحِ؛ لِأَنِّي لَا أَدْرِي كَيْفَ كَانَ الْكَلَامُ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ: أَمَرَ بِوَضْعِ الْجَوَائِحِ، زَادَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ، عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ، عَنِ الشَّافِعِيِّ، قَالَ: فَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْكَلَامُ الَّذِي لَمْ يَحْفَظْهُ سُفْيَانُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ أَمْرَهُ بِوَضْعِهَا عَلَى مِثْلِ أَمْرِهِ بِالصُّلْحِ عَلَى النِّصْفِ، وَعَلَى مِثْلِ أَمْرِهِ بِالصَّدَقَةِ تَطَوُّعًا حَضًّا عَلَى الْخَيْرِ لَا حَتْمًا، وَمَا أَشْبَهَ ذَلِكَ، وَيَجُوزُ غَيْرُهُ فَلَمَّا احْتَمَلَ الْحَدِيثُ الْمَعْنَيَيْنِ مَعًا، وَلَمْ تَكُنْ فِيهِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَيِّهِمَا أَوْلَى بِهِ لَمْ يَجُزْ عِنْدَنَا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنْ يُحْكَمَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ بِوَضْعِ مَا وَجَبَ لَهُمْ بِلَا خَبَرٍ ثَبَتَ بِوَضْعِهِ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَقَدْ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I heard this hadith from Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) very many times, more than I can count. He would not mention the reduction of the price in it, and would add nothing beyond that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) "forbade selling fruits for years ahead"; then after that he added that he (peace and blessings be upon him) "ordered that the price be reduced on account of drought."
(b) Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) says that after the sale for years and before the reduction of the price for calamity, Humayd (may Allah have mercy on him) used to mention some words which I did not remember, so I would refrain from mentioning the reduction of the price, because I did not know what those words were, although the hadith contains the order to reduce the price for calamities. Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: It may be that the words of Humayd's hadith which Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) did not remember indicate that his (peace and blessings be upon him) order to reduce the price is like his order to settle on half, or his order to give voluntary charity, an encouragement towards good, not an obligation, or something similar; and something else is also possible.
Since the hadith carries both meanings, and there is no indication in it of which of the two is more fitting, it is not permissible in our view, and Allah knows best, to rule against people in their wealth that they must give up what is due to them, without an established report that it be given up.
(b) Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) says that after the sale for years and before the reduction of the price for calamity, Humayd (may Allah have mercy on him) used to mention some words which I did not remember, so I would refrain from mentioning the reduction of the price, because I did not know what those words were, although the hadith contains the order to reduce the price for calamities. Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: It may be that the words of Humayd's hadith which Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) did not remember indicate that his (peace and blessings be upon him) order to reduce the price is like his order to settle on half, or his order to give voluntary charity, an encouragement towards good, not an obligation, or something similar; and something else is also possible.
Since the hadith carries both meanings, and there is no indication in it of which of the two is more fitting, it is not permissible in our view, and Allah knows best, to rule against people in their wealth that they must give up what is due to them, without an established report that it be given up.
