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Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 2087 — the Messenger of Allah
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ , أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ , حَدَّثَنَا غَيْلانُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ , حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَعْبَدٍ هُوَ الزِّمَّانِيُّ , عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " صِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ , إِنِّي لأَحْسَبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ , وَصِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ فَإِنِّي لأَحْسَبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ وَالَّتِي بَعْدَهُ " . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَعْلَمَ صِيَامَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ وَالَّتِي بَعْدَهُ , فَدَلَّ أَنَّ الْعَمَلَ الصَّالِحَ قَدْ يَتَقَدَّمُ الْفِعْلَ ، فَيَكُونُ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ الْمُتَقَدِّمُ يُكَفَّرُ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي تَكُونُ بَعْدَهُ
Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Regarding the day of Ashura, I hope from Allah Almighty that it will be an expiation for the sins of the previous year, and regarding the day of Arafah, I hope from Allah Almighty that it will be a cause for the forgiveness of the sins of the previous year and the coming year." Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has informed that the fast of the day of Arafah becomes an expiation for the sins of the previous and coming year. This is evidence that a good deed can sometimes precede the action. In this way, a previous good deed becomes an expiation for the sins of the coming year.
