Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: Bilal made a call to prayer before the break of dawn; the Prophet ﷺ, therefore, commanded him to return and make a call: Lo! the servant of Allah (i. e. I) had slept (hence this mistake). The version of Musa has the addition: He returned and made a call: Lo! the servant of Allah had slept. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by al-Darawardi from Ubaid Allah on the authority of Ibn Umar saying: There was a muadhdhin of Umar, named Masud. He then narrated the rest of the tradition. This version is more correct than that one.

Abu Qatadah reported on the authority of his father: the prophet ﷺ said; When the Iqamah for prayer is pronounced, do not stand until you see me. Abu Dawud said: this has been narrated by Ayyub and Hajjaj al-Sawwaf from Yahya and Hisham al-Duatawa’i in a similar way, saying: Yahya wrote to me (in this way). And this has been narrated by Muawiyah bin Sallam and Ali bin al-Mubarak from Yahya: “Until you see me and show tranquility”.

Narrated Abu Hurairah: Do not prevent the female servants of Allah from visiting the mosques of Allah, but they may go out (to the mosque) having no perfumed themselves.

Narrated Saeed al-Khudri: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a person praying alone. He said: Is there any man who may do good with this (man) and pray along with him.

Amr bin Salamah said ; we lived at a place where the people would pass by us when they came to the prophet ﷺ. When they returned they would again pass by us. And they used to inform us that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said so –and-so. I was a boy with a good memory. From the ( process) I memorized a large portion of the Quran. Then my father went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ along with a group of his clan. He (the Prophet) taught them prayer. And he said: The one of you who knows most of the Quran should act as your imam. I knew the Quran better than most of them because I had memorized it. They, therefore, put me in front of them, and I would lead them in prayer. I wore a small yellow mantle which, when I prostrated myself, went up on me, and a woman of the clan said: Cover the back side of your leader from us. So they bought an ‘Ammani shirt for me, and I have never been so pleased about anything after embracing Islam as I was about that (shirt). I used to lead them in prayer and I was only seven or eight year old.

Anas said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon Umm Haram. The people (in her house) brought some cooking oil dates to him. He said; Put it (dates) back in its container and return it (cooking oil) to its bag, because I am keeping fast. He then stood and led us in prayer two Rak’ahs of supererogatory prayer. Then Umm Sulaim and Umm Haram stood behind us (i. e., the men). Thabit (the narrator) said: I understand that Anas said; he (the prophet) made me stand on his right side.

Abu Hurairah said: while a man was praying letting his lower garment trail, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: Go and perform ablution. He, therefore, went and performed ablution and then returned. He (the prophet) again said: Go and perform ablution. He again went, performed ablution and returned. A man said to him (the prophet): Messenger of Allah, why did you order him to perform ablution? He said: he was praying with lower garment trailing, and does not accept the prayer of a man who lets his lower garment trail.

Narrated Abu Saeed al-Khudri: While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was leading his Companions in prayer, he took off his sandals and laid them on his left side; so when the people saw this, they removed their sandals. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished his prayer, he asked: What made you remove your sandals? The replied: We saw you remove your sandals, so we removed our sandals. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said: Gabriel came to me and informed me that there was filth in them. When any of you comes to the mosque, he should see; if he finds filth on his sandals, he should wipe it off and pray in them.

This tradition has also been transmitted through a chain by Bakr bin Abdullah. This version has the word Khubuth (filth) and in two places the word Khubuthan (filth).

Al-Numan bin Bashir said: the prophet ﷺ used to straighten us in the rows of prayer as the arrow is straightened, until he thought that we had learned it from him and understood it. One day he turned towards us, and shoulders in order, and say; Do not be irregular. And he would say: Allah and his Angels bless those who near the first rows.

Abu Saeed Al-Khudri said; The Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a tendency among his companions to go to the back. He said to them; come forward and follow my lead, and let those who come after you follow your lead people will continue to keep to the back till Allah would put them at the back.

Al-Hasan reported: Abu Bakrah came when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was bowing. So he bowed without the row (before joining it). He then went to the row. When the prophet ﷺ finished his prayer, he said: which of your bowed without the row, and then went to the row? Abu Bakrah said; it was i. the prophet ﷺ said: May Allah increase your eagerness! but do not do it again.

Abu Salih said: I narrate what I witnesses from Abu Saeed and heard from him. Abu Saeed entered upon Marwan and said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: When one of you prays facing any object which conceals him from people, and someone wishes to pass in front of him, he should strike him at his chest; if he refuses (to go), he should fight him; he is only a devil. Abu Dawud said: Sufyan Ath-Thawri said: "A person arrogantly walks in front of me while I am praying, so I stop him, and a weak person passes, so I dont stop him. "

Anas bin Malik said: A man came panting to join the row of worshippers, and said: Allah is most great; praise be to Allah, much praise, good and blessed. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished his prayer, he asked: Which of you is the one who spoke the words? He said nothing wrong. Then the man said: I (said), Messenger of Allah ﷺ; I came and had difficulty in breathing, so I said them. He said: I saw twelve angels racing against one another to be the one to take them to Allah. The narrator Humaid added: When any of you comes for praying, he should walk as usual (i. e. he should not hasten and run quickly); then he should pray as much as he finds it (along with the imam), and should offer the part of the prayer himself (when the prayer is finished) which the Imam had offered before him.

Hazm bin Ubayy bin Kaab said that he came to Muadh bin Jabal who was leading the people in the sunset prayer. According to this version, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: O Muadh, do not become a trouble, because the aged, the weak, the needy and the traveler pray behind you.

Abu Hurairah said: In every prayer there is a recitation. We make you listen what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made us listen, and we keep hidden from you what he kept hidden from us.

Narrated Jabir ibn Samurah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to recite in the noon and afternoon prayer: "By the Heaven and the Morning Star" (Surah 86) and "By the Heaven, holding mansions of the stars" (Surah 85) and similar surahs of equal length.

HIsham bin Urwah said that his father (‘Umrah) used to recite the surahs as you recite like Wa’l-Adiyat (surah c). Abu Dawud said: This indicates that those (traditions indicating long surahs) are abrogated, and this is more sound tradition.

The above-mention tradition has also been transmitted through a different chain of narrators by Humaid, but he did not mention the word “Supererogatory prayer” This version has: Al-Hasan (al-Basri) would recite fatihat al-kitab in the noon and afternoon prayers while he led in prayer or he was behind the imam and would glorify Allah, and would repeatedly say: “Allah is most great” and “ There is no god but Allah” (i. e takbir and tahlil) equal to the amount one recites al-Qaf (Surah 50) and al-Dhariyat (surah 51).

Anas bin Malik said: I did not offer prayer behind anyone more brief than the one offered by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and that was perfect. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Allah listens to him who praises Him, ” he stood long we thought that he had omitted something; then he say takbir (Allah is most great) and prostrate, and would sit between the two prostrations so long that we thought that he had omitted something.

Narrated Rifaah ibn Rafi: A man entered the mosque. . . . . . He then narrated the tradition like the one narrated in (No. 855). This version is as follows: The Prophet ﷺ said: The prayer of anyone is not perfect unless he performs ablution perfectly; he should then utter the takbir, and praise Allah, the Exalted, and admire Him; he should then recite the Quran as much as he desires. He should then say: "Allah is Most Great". Next he should bow so that all his joints return to their proper places. Then he should say: "Allah listens to the one who praises Him", and stand erect. He should then say: "Allah is most great, " and should prostrate himself so that all his joints are completely at rest. Then he should say: "Allah is most great"; he should raise his head (at the end of prostration) till he sits erect. Then he should say: "Allah is most great"; then he should prostrate himself till all his joints return to their proper places. Then he should raise his head and say the takbir. When he does so, then his prayer is completed.

The above-mentioned tradition has also been transmitted by Abu Hurairah through a different chain of narrators to the same effect.

Narrated Tamim ad-Dari: Tamim reported this tradition from the Prophet ﷺ as (Hadith No 863). This version adds: Then zakat will be considered in a similar way. Then all the actions will be considered accordingly.

Narrated Uqbah ibn Amir: When "Glorify the name of your mighty Lord" was revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Use it when bowing, and when "Glorify the name of your most high Lord" was revealed, he said: Use it when prostrating yourself.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: We used to salute during prayer and talk about our needs. I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and found him praying. I saluted him, but he did not respond to me. I recalled what happened to me in the past and in the present. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished his prayer, he said to me: Allah, the Almighty, creates new command as He wishes, and Allah, the Exalted, has sent a fresh command that you must not talk during prayer. He then returned my salutation.

Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet ﷺ as sayings: if anyone would like to have the fullest measure granted to him when he invokes blessings on us, the members of the prophet’s family, he should say: O Allah, bless Muhammad, the unlettered Prophet, his wives who are the mother of the faithful, his off springs, and the people of his house as Thou didst bless the family of Abraham. Thou art indeed praiseworthy and glorious.

Narrated Abu Saeed al-Khudri: The Prophet ﷺ said: When one of you prays, and he does not know whether he prayed more or less rak'ahs (than those prescribed by the Shari'ah), he should perform two prostrations while he is sitting. If the devil comes to him, and tells him (suggests him): "You have been defiled, " he should say: "You have told a lie, " except that he feels smell with his nose, or sound with his ears (then his ablution will break). These are the wording; of the tradition reported by Aban. Abu Dawud said: Mamar and Abi bin al-Mubarak mentioned the name "Iyad bin Hilal and al-Awzai mentioned the name of Iyad bin Abi Zuhair.

Anas said: The Prophet ﷺ and his Companions used to pray in the direction of Jerusalem. When the following verse was revealed: “ So turn thy face towards the inviolable mosque”; and Ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your face towards it” (ii. 144), a man passed by the people of Banu Salamah. He called them while they were bowing in the morning prayer facing Jerusalem: Lo, the qiblah (direction of prayer) has been changed towards the Kaabah. He called them twice. So they turned their faces towards the Kaabah while they were bowing.

Narrated Anas ibn Malik: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Madina, the people had two days on which they engaged in games. He asked: What are these two days (what is the significance)? They said: We used to engage ourselves on them in the pre-Islamic period. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Allah has substituted for them something better than them, the day of sacrifice and the day of the breaking of the fast.

Umm Atiyyah said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to bring out the secluded women on the day of Eid (festival). He was asked: What about the menstruous women ? He said: They should be present at the place of virtue and the supplications of the Muslims. A woman said: Messenger of Allah, what should we do it one of us does not possess an outer garment ? He replied: Let her friend lend a part of her garment.

Narrated Qabisah al-Hilali: There was an eclipse of the sun in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He came out bewildered pulling his garment, and I was in his company at Madina. He prayed two rak'ahs and stood for a long time in them. He then departed and the sun became bright. He then said: There are the signs by means of which Allah, the Exalted, produces dread (in His servants). When you see anything of this nature, then pray as you are praying a fresh obligatory prayer.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As: There was an eclipse of the sun in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up and he was not going to perform bowing till he bowed; and he was not going to raise his head till he raised (after bowing); and he was not going to prostrate himself till he prostrated himself; and he was not going to raise his head till he raised (at the end of prostration); he did similarly in the second rak'ah, he then puffed in the last prostration saying; Fie, Fie! He then said: My Lord, didst Thou not promise me that Thou wouldst not punish them so long as I will remain among them? Didst Thou not promise me that Thou will not punish them so long as they continue to beg pardon of Thee. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished the prayer, and the sun was clear. The narrator then narrated the tradition (in full).

Narrated Imran ibn Husayn: I went on an expedition with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I was present with him at the conquest. He stayed eighteen days in Makkah and prayed only two rak'ahs (at each time of prayer). And he said: You who live in the town must pray four; we are travellers.

Narrated Anas bin Malik: We went out from Madina to Makkah with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he prayed two rak'ahs (at each time of prayer) till we returned to Madina. We (the people) said: Did you stay there for some time ? He replied: We stayed there ten days.

Narrated Abu Qatadah: The Prophet ﷺ went out at night and found Abu Bakr praying in a low voice, and he passed Umar ibn al-Khattab who was raising his voice while praying. When they both met the Prophet ﷺ together, the Prophet ﷺ said: I passed by you, Abu Bakr, when you were praying in a low voice. He replied: I made Him hear with Whom I was holding intimate converse, Messenger of Allah. He (the Prophet) said to Umar: I passed by you when you were praying in a loud voice. He replied: Messenger of Allah, I was awakening the drowsy and driving away the Devil. Al-Hasan added in his version: The Prophet ﷺ said: Raise your voice a little, Abu Bakr, and he said to Umar: Lower your voice a little.

Narrated Aishah: A man got up at night and recited the Quran in a loud voice. When the dawn came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: May Allah have mercy on so-and-so who reminded me many verses that I had nearly forgotten. Abu Dawud said: Harun al-Nahwi transmitted from Hammad bin Salamah the Quranic verse of Surah Al-Imran: "How many of the prophet fought (in Allah's way)" (3: 146)

Narrated Aishah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray thirteen rak'ahs during the night, observing a witr out of that with five, he did not sit during the five except the last and then gave the salutation. Abu Dawud said: Ibn Numair reported it from Hisham recently.

Narrated Aishah: The Prophet ﷺ used to pray thirteen rak'ahs during the night. He would offer eight rak'ahs observing the witr with one rak'ah. Then he prayed (the narrator Muslim said) two rak'ahs after witr prayer in sitting position. When he wished to bow, he stood up and bowed. He used to pray two rak'ahs between the call to the dawn prayer and the iqamah.

This tradition has also been transmitted by Aishah through a different chain of narrators. But the tradition narrated by Hammad bin Salamah is not equal to the tradition narrated by others.

Narrated Aishah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray thirteen rak'ahs during the night, observing the witr prayer with nine (or as she said). He used to pray two rak'ahs while sitting and pray two rak'ahs of the dawn prayer between the adhan and the iqamah.