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موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Malik (Yahya)
كتاب النذور والأيمان
Book: On the Explanation of Vows
بَابُ مَا لَا تَجِبُ فِيهِ الْكَفَّارَةُ مِنَ الْأَيْمَانِ
Oaths that do not require expiation
Muwatta Malik (Yahya) 1019 — Oaths that do not require expiation
حَدَّثَنِي حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ : " مَنْ قَالَ : وَاللَّهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَفْعَلِ الَّذِي حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَحْنَثْ " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) used to say: Whoever swears an oath by Allah and then says "InshaAllah" (if Allah wills), and then does not do the act upon which he swore, his oath will not be broken.
قَالَ مَالِك : أَحْسَنُ مَا سَمِعْتُ فِي الثُّنْيَا، أَنَّهَا لِصَاحِبِهَا مَا لَمْ يَقْطَعْ كَلَامَهُ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ نَسَقًا يَتْبَعُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْكُتَ، فَإِذَا سَكَتَ، وَقَطَعَ كَلَامَهُ، فَلَا ثُنْيَا لَهُ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Saying "Insha Allah" means that it is said along with the oath and the conversation continues. If one swears an oath and then remains silent, and afterwards says "Insha Allah," it will not be of any benefit.
قَالَ يَحْيَى : وَقَالَ مَالِك فِي الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ : كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ أَوْ أَشْرَكَ بِاللَّهِ، ثُمَّ يَحْنَثُ : إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ، وَلَيْسَ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا مُشْرِكٍ حَتَّى يَكُونَ قَلْبُهُ مُضْمِرًا عَلَى الشِّرْكِ وَالْكُفْرِ، وَلْيَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ، وَلَا يَعُدْ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَبِئْسَ مَا صَنَعَ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a person says, "If I do this act, then I am a disbeliever or a polytheist," and then he does that act, there will be no expiation upon him, nor will he become a disbeliever or a polytheist unless he holds the belief of polytheism and disbelief in his heart. However, he will be sinful; he should repent and not say such a thing again.
