Musnad Abi Ya'la 252 — I heard Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab report

Sayyiduna Fadalah bin Ubayd (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) report from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: "The martyrs are of four kinds: a believer of perfect faith who met the enemy and was true to Allah (in his pledge) until he was killed; that is the man of high rank to whom people will raise their eyes on the Day of Resurrection like this." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) (or Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)) raised his head so high that his cap fell off. Abu Yazid al-Khawlani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I do not know whether (the narrator meant) the cap of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) or the cap of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). "(The second is) a believer of perfect faith, but when he met the enemy, out of cowardice his skin felt as if it were being pricked with the thorns of the acacia; then a stray arrow from an unknown direction struck him and killed him; he is in the second rank. (The third is) a believer who had mixed good deeds with bad ones; when he met the enemy he was true to Allah until he was killed; he is in the third rank. And (the fourth is) a believer who had wronged himself through sins; when he met the enemy he was true to Allah until he was killed; he is in the fourth rank."