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مسند أبي يعلى الموصلي
Musnad Abi Ya'la al-Mawsili
مسند عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه
Musnad of Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
مُسْنَدُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Musnad of Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
Musnad Abi Ya'la 164 — he said: When the Prophet ﷺ withdrew
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ أَبِي زُمَيْلٍ الْحَنَفِيِّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، قَالَ: لَمَّا اعْتَزَلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نِسَاءَهُ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا النَّاسُ يَنْكُتُونَ بِالْحَصَى، وَيَقُولُونَ: طَلَّقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نِسَاءَهُ، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْمَرَ بِالْحِجَابِ، قَالَ عُمَرُ: فَقُلْتُ: لَأَعْلَمَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ. قَالَ: فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا بِنْتَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، أَقَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ شَأْنِكِ أَنْ تُؤْذِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم؟ قَالَتْ: مَا لِي وَلَكَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ؟ عَلَيْكَ بِعَيْبَتِكَ، قَالَ: فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ ابْنَةِ عُمَرَ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا حَفْصَةُ، أَقَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ شَأْنِكِ أَنْ تُؤْذِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَا يُحِبُّكِ، وَلَوْلَا أَنَا لَطَلَّقَكِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، قَالَ: فَبَكَتْ أَشَدَّ الْبُكَاءِ، فَقُلْتُ لَهَا: أَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَتْ: هُوَ فِي خِزَانَتِهِ فِي الْمَشْرُبَةِ. فَدَخَلْتُ إِذَا أَنَا بِرَبَاحٍ غُلَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَاعِدًا عَلَى أُسْكُفَّةِ الْمَشْرُبَةِ، مُدَلٍّ رِجْلَيْهِ عَلَى نَقِيرٍ مِنْ خَشَبٍ، وَهُوَ جِذْعٌ يَرْقَى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَيَنْحَدِرُ، فَنَادَيْتُهُ ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَبَاحُ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَنَظَرَ رَبَاحٌ إِلَى الْغُرْفَةِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَبَاحُ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَنَظَرَ رَبَاحٌ إِلَى الْغُرْفَةِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَبَاحُ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْغُرْفَةِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا، ثُمَّ رَفَعْتُ صَوْتِي، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَبَاحُ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، فَإِنِّي أَظُنُّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ظَنَّ أَنِّي جِئْتُ مِنْ أَجْلِ حَفْصَةَ، وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِضَرْبِ عُنُقِهَا لَأَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَهَا. وَرَفَعْتُ صَوْتِي، فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيَّ أَنِ ائْذَنْهُ. فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهُوَ مُضْطَجِعٌ عَلَى حَصِيرٍ، فَجَلَسْتُ، فَإِذَا عَلَيْهِ إِزَارُهُ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرُهُ، فَإِذَا الْحَصِيرُ قَدْ أَثَّرَ فِي جَنْبِهِ، فَنَظَرْتُ بِبَصَرِي فِي خِزَانَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَإِذَا أَنَا بِقَبْضَةٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ نَحْوَ الصَّاعِ، وَمِثْلِهَا قَرَظًا فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْغُرْفَةِ، وَإِذَا أَفِيقٌ مُعَلَّقٌ. قَالَ: فَابْتَدَرَتْ عَيْنَايَ، قَالَ: «مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ؟». فَقُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، وَمَا لِي لَا أَبْكِي وَهَذَا الْحَصِيرُ قَدْ أَثَّرَ فِي جَنْبِكَ؟ وَهَذِهِ خِزَانَتُكَ لَا أَرَى فِيهَا إِلَّا مَا أَرَى؟ وَذَاكَ قَيْصَرُ وَكِسْرَى فِي الثِّمَارِ وَالْأَنْهَارِ وَأَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَصَفْوَتُهُ، وَهَذِهِ خِزَانَتُكَ؟ قَالَ: «يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، أَلَا تَرْضَى أَنْ تَكُونَ لَنَا الْآخِرَةُ وَلَهُمُ الدُّنْيَا؟» قُلْتُ: بَلَى. قَالَ: وَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ، حِينَ دَخَلْتُ ، وَأَنَا أَرَى فِي وَجْهِهِ الْغَضَبَ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا يَشُقُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ شَأْنِ النِّسَاءِ؟ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ طَلَّقْتَهُنَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَكَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ، وَجِبْرِيلَ، وَمِيكَائِيلَ، وَأَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ مَعَكَ، وَقَلَّمَا تَكَلَّمْتُ، وَأَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ، بِكَلَامٍ إِلَّا رَجَوْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ اللَّهُ يُصَدِّقُ قَوْلِيَ الَّذِي أَقُولُ، قَالَ: وَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ، آيَةُ التَّخْيِيرِ {عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِنْ طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُ أَزْوَاجًا خَيْرًا مِنْكُنَّ} [التحريم: 5]، {وَإِنْ تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ مَوْلَاهُ وَجِبْرِيلُ وَصَالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ} [التحريم: 4] وَكَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَحَفْصَةُ تَظَاهَرَانِ عَلَى سَائِرِ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَطَلَّقْتَهُنَّ؟ قَالَ: «لَا». فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ يَنْكُتُونَ بِالْحَصَاةِ وَيَقُولُونَ: طَلَّقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نِسَاءَهُ، فَانْزِلْ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّكَ لَمْ تُطَلِّقْهُنَّ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ، إِنْ شِئْتَ». فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أُحَدِّثُهُ حَتَّى تَحَسَّرَ الْغَضَبُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ وَحَتَّى كَشَرَ فَضَحِكَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ ثَغْرًا، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَنَزَلْتُ أَتَشَبَّثُ بِالْجِذْعِ، وَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَأَنَّمَا يَمْشِي عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مَا يَمَسُّهُ بِيَدِهِ. فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّمَا كُنْتَ فِي الْغُرْفَةِ تِسْعَةً وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا؟ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ يَكُونُ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ». فَقُمْتُ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَنَادَيْتُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِي: لَمْ يُطَلِّقْ نِسَاءَهُ، قَالَ : وَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَإِذَا جَاءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِنَ الْأَمِنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُوا بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ} [النساء: 83] فَكُنْتُ أَنَا الَّذِي اسْتَنْبَطْتُ ذَاكَ الْأَمْرَ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ آيَةَ التَّخْيِيرِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) withdrew from his pure wives, I entered the mosque and found the people fiddling with pebbles and saying that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had divorced his wives; and this was before the commands of the veil (hijab) were revealed. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I thought, today I will certainly find out the truth of this matter. So I went to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: "O daughter of Abu Bakr! Has your standing reached the point that you have begun to hurt the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?" She replied: "O Ibn al-Khattab! What have I to do with you? Mind your own affairs." Then I went to my daughter, Sayyidah Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her), and said: "O Hafsah! Has your standing grown to the point that you have begun to hurt the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? By Allah! You know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) does not love you, and were it not for me, he would have divorced you." Hearing this, she wept bitterly. I asked her where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was. She said that he was in his chamber in the upper room. I went there and saw that the servant of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Rabah (may Allah be pleased with him), was sitting at the step of the upper room, dangling his feet over the wooden trunk by which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to climb up and come down. I called out: "O Rabah! Ask permission for me from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to come in." Rabah looked towards the room, then looked at me and said nothing. I said the same a second and a third time, but each time he looked and remained silent. Then I raised my voice and said: "O Rabah! Ask permission for me from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). I think the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) perhaps thinks that I have come for the sake of Hafsah. By Allah! If the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) were to order me to strike her neck, I would certainly strike her neck." Hearing my raised voice, he signalled to me to come in. I came into the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) was lying on a mat. I sat down. He (peace and blessings be upon him) was wearing only a waist-wrapper, and the marks of the mat were visible on his (peace and blessings be upon him) blessed side. I cast my eyes around a corner of the room, and there was only about a sa' of barley, and a similar amount of acacia leaves, and a raw hide hanging. Seeing this, my eyes filled with tears. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "O Ibn al-Khattab! What has made you weep?" I said: "O Prophet of Allah! Why should I not weep? This mat has left marks on your (peace and blessings be upon him) side, and the state of your storeroom is that there is nothing in it except what I see, while Caesar and Chosroes live amid an abundance of fruits and rivers, and you, the Messenger of Allah and His chosen one, are in this hardship?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Ibn al-Khattab! Are you not pleased that the Hereafter should be for us and only this world for them?" I said: "Certainly (indeed I am pleased)." And when I had entered upon him (peace and blessings be upon him), there were signs of anger on his blessed face. I said: "O Messenger of Allah! What has troubled you in the matter of the wives? If you have divorced them, then surely Allah is with you, and His angels, Jibril, Mika'il, I, Abu Bakr and all the believers are with you." And whatever I said, praising Allah, I hoped that Allah Almighty would confirm my words. So these verses of the choice (takhyir) were revealed: "It may be that if he divorces you, his Lord will give him in exchange wives better than you," and "And if you support one another against him, then indeed Allah is his Protector, and Jibril and the righteous believers, and after that the angels are his helpers." And Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and Sayyidah Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to support each other against the other pure wives. I said: "O Messenger of Allah! Have you divorced them?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." I said: "O Messenger of Allah! When I entered the mosque, the Muslims were fiddling with pebbles and saying that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had divorced his wives. Will you come down and inform them that you have not divorced them?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, if you wish." Then I kept talking with him (peace and blessings be upon him) until the anger left his face and he (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled so broadly that his (peace and blessings be upon him) blessed teeth showed, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) had the most beautiful smile of all people. Then the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came down. I came down holding on to the wooden trunk, while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came down as though he were walking on the ground, without touching anything with his hand for support. I said: "O Messenger of Allah! You stayed in this upper room for only twenty-nine days?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A month can also be of twenty-nine days." Then I stood at the door of the mosque and called out at the top of my voice that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had not divorced his wives. And on this occasion this verse was revealed: "And when there comes to them some news of security or fear, they spread it about; whereas had they referred it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them, those among them who can get to the bottom of it would have known it." So I was the one who got to the bottom of that matter, and Allah Almighty revealed the verses of the choice (takhyir).
