صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الصيام
The Book of Fasting
باب بَيَانِ أَنَّ الدُّخُولَ فِي الصَّوْمِ يَحْصُلُ بِطُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ وَأَنَّ لَهُ الأَكْلَ وَغَيْرَهُ حَتَّى يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ وَبَيَانِ صِفَةِ الْفَجْرِ الَّذِي تَتَعَلَّقُ بِهِ الأَحْكَامُ مِنَ الدُّخُولِ فِي الصَّوْمِ وَدُخُولِ وَقْتِ صَلاَةِ الصُّبْحِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ:
Clarifying that fasting begins at dawn, and a person may eat and other than that until dawn begins; And clarifying the dawn which has to do with the rulings concerning the beginning of fasting and the beginning of the time for the Subh Prayer, and other than that, which is the Second Dawn, which is called the True Dawn. The First Dawn, which is the False Dawn, has nothing to do with the rulings
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ سورة البقرة آية 187 ، قَالَ لَهُ عَدِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَجْعَلُ تَحْتَ وِسَادَتِي عِقَالَيْنِ : عِقَالًا أَبْيَضَ وَعِقَالًا أَسْوَدَ ، أَعْرِفُ اللَّيْلَ مِنَ النَّهَارِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ وِسَادَتَكَ لَعَرِيضٌ ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ سَوَادُ اللَّيْلِ ، وَبَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ " .
'Adi bin Hatim (RA) reported that when (this verse) was revealed: "Until the white streak of the dawn becomes distinct from the dark streak" (ii. 187) Adi bin Hatim said: Messenger of Allah, verily I keep underneath my pillow two strings, one white and the other black, by which I distinguish night from dawn. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Your pillow seems to be very large. For the word khait implies the blackness of the night and the whiteness of the dawn.
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا فُضَيْلُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، قَالَ : " لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ سورة البقرة آية 187 ، قَالَ : كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَأْخُذُ خَيْطًا أَبْيَضَ وَخَيْطًا أَسْوَدَ ، فَيَأْكُلُ حَتَّى يَسْتَبِينَهُمَا ، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ سورة البقرة آية 187 فَبَيَّنَ ذَلِكَ " .
Sahl bin Sa'd said that when this verse was revealed: "Eat and drink till the white streak is distinct from the dark streak," a person would take hold of a white thread and a black thread and keep on eating till he could find them distinct (in the light of the dawn). It was then that Allah, the Majestic and Great, revealed (the words) min al-fajr (from the dawn), and then it became clear (that the word khait refers to the streak of light in the dawn).
حَدَّثَنِي حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ التَّمِيمِيُّ ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إسحاق ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو غَسَّانَ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حَازِمٍ ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : " لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ سورة البقرة آية 187 ، قَالَ : فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا أَرَادَ الصَّوْمَ ، رَبَطَ أَحَدُهُمْ فِي رِجْلَيْهِ الْخَيْطَ الْأَسْوَدَ وَالْخَيْطَ الْأَبْيَضَ ، فَلَا يَزَالُ يَأْكُلُ وَيَشْرَبُ ، حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُ رِئْيُهُمَا ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ سورة البقرة آية 187 ، فَعَلِمُوا أَنَّمَا يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ " .
Sahl bin Sa'd (RA) said: When this verse was revealed. "Eat and drink till the white streak becomes distinct from the dark streak for you," the person who decided to observe fast tied on one of his feet a black thread and on the other a white thread. And he went on eating and drinking till he could distinguish (between their colour) on seeing them. It was after this that Allah revealed (the words): min al-fajr. And they (the Muslims) came to know that (the word khait) refers to the night and day.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ ، قَالَا : أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " إِنَّ بِلَالًا يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ ، فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا ، حَتَّى تَسْمَعُوا تَأْذِينَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ " .
'Abdullah bin 'Umar (RA) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had said: Bilal (RA) would pronounce Adhan (at the fag end of the night in order to inform the people about the time of the Sahri). So you eat and drink till you hear the Adhan of Ibn Umm Maktum (which was pronounced at the conclusion of the Sahri and the commencement of the fast).
حَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ بِلَالًا يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ ، فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا ، حَتَّى تَسْمَعُوا أَذَانَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ " .
Abdullah bin 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: Bilal (RA) announces Adhan during the night, so you eat and drink, till you hear the Adhan of Ibn Umm Maktum.
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُؤَذِّنَانِ : بِلَالٌ وَابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الْأَعْمَى ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ بِلَالًا يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ ، فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا ، حَتَّى يُؤَذِّنَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ " ، قَالَ : وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمَا ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَنْزِلَ هَذَا وَيَرْقَى هَذَا ،
Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had two Mu'adhdhins, Bilal (RA) and son of Umm Maktum, the blind. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Bilal (RA) announces Adhan at (the fag end of the) night (i. e. Sahri), so eat and drink till the son of Umm Maktum announces Adhan. And he (the narrator) said: And the (difference of time) between their (Adhans) was not more than this that one climbed down (from the minaret) and the other climbed up (to announce Adhan).
وحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمِثْلِهِ ،
A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her).
وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا إسحاق ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدَةُ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ كُلُّهُمْ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بِالْإِسْنَادَيْنِ كِلَيْهِمَا نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ نُمَيْرٍ .
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of 'Ubaidullah on the two chains of transmitters.
حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا يَمْنَعَنَّ أَحَدًا مِنْكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلَالٍ ، أَوَ قَالَ : نِدَاءُ بِلَالٍ مِنْ سُحُورِهِ ، فَإِنَّهُ يُؤَذِّنُ ، أَوَ قَالَ : يُنَادِي بِلَيْلٍ لِيَرْجِعَ قَائِمَكُمْ وَيُوقِظَ نَائِمَكُمْ ، وَقَالَ : لَيْسَ أَنْ يَقُولَ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَصَوَّبَ يَدَهُ وَرَفَعَهَا ، حَتَّى يَقُولَ هَكَذَا وَفَرَّجَ بَيْنَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ " ،
'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: The Adhan of Bilal (or he said: the call of Bilal) should not prevent any one of you from taking his meal before dawn (Sahri), for he pronounces Adhan (or he said: he calls) at night so that the one among you who is standing (in prayer) may return and the one among you who is sleeping may be awakened. And he said: (The dawn) is not that which appears like this and like this (and he lowered his hand and raised it), but it is like this (and he spread out his two fingers).
وحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَالِدٍ يَعْنِي الْأَحْمَرَ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " إِنَّ الْفَجْرَ لَيْسَ الَّذِي يَقُولُ هَكَذَا وَجَمَعَ أَصَابِعَهُ ، ثُمَّ نَكَسَهَا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ ، وَلَكِنْ الَّذِي يَقُولُ هَكَذَا ، وَوَضَعَ الْمُسَبِّحَةَ عَلَى الْمُسَبِّحَةِ وَمَدَّ يَدَيْهِ " ،
This hadith has been narrated by Sulaiman al-Taimi with the same chain of transmitters (but with a slight variation of words) that he (the Holy Prophet) said: The dawn is not like it as it is said; he then gathered his fingers and lowered them. But he said, it is like this (and he placed the index finger upon the other one and spread his hand).
وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا إسحاق بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، وَالْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، كلاهما ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ ، وَانْتَهَى حَدِيثُ الْمُعْتَمِرِ عِنْدَ قَوْلِهِ " يُنَبِّهُ نَائِمَكُمْ وَيَرْجِعُ قَائِمَكُمْ " ، وقَالَ إسحاق : قَالَ جَرِيرٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ : " وَلَيْسَ أَنْ يَقُولَ هَكَذَا وَلَكِنْ يَقُولُ هَكَذَا يَعْنِي : الْفَجْرَ ، هُوَ الْمُعْتَرِضُ وَلَيْسَ بِالْمُسْتَطِيلِ " .
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Sulaiman Taimi with the same chain of transmitters and, at the end, it was said that the first Adhan was meant to awaken those who were in slumber amongst them and in order to make them turn who stand in (prayer) among them (towards food at the commencement of the fast). Jarir (one of the narrators) said in his narration: (The dawn) is not like this but like this (true dawn), that the streaks of (true dawn) are horizontal and not vertical.
حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَوَادَةَ الْقُشَيْرِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنِي وَالِدِي ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدُبٍ ، يَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " لَا يَغُرَّنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ نِدَاءُ بِلَالٍ مِنَ السَّحُورِ ، وَلَا هَذَا الْبَيَاضُ حَتَّى يَسْتَطِيرَ " .
Samura bin Jundub reported Muhammad (ﷺ) as saying. The call of Bilal (RA) may not mislead any one of you (and he may, under the wrong impression gathered from it), refrain from taking meal before the commencement of the fast (for the streaks) of this whiteness (which are vertical) indicate the false dawn and the true dawn with which the fast commences is that when the streaks of light are spread.
وحَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَوَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلَالٍ ، وَلَا هَذَا الْبَيَاضُ لِعَمُودِ ، الصُّبْحِ حَتَّى يَسْتَطِيرَ هَكَذَا " .
Samura bin Jundub reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: The Adhan of Bilal (RA) should not mislead you nor the whiteness (of the pillar) of dawn, for it is not the whiteness of the true dawn, but that of the false dawn which is vertical like a pillar and you can eat food till the streaks of whiteness spread like it.
وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ زَيْدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَوَادَةَ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ مِنْ سَحُورِكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلَالٍ ، وَلَا بَيَاضُ الْأُفُقِ الْمُسْتَطِيلُ هَكَذَا ، حَتَّى يَسْتَطِيرَ هَكَذَا " ، وَحَكَاهُ حَمَّادٌ بِيَدَيْهِ ، قَالَ : يَعْنِي مُعْتَرِضًا .
Samura bin Jundub (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: The Adhan of Bilal (RA) may not mislead you with regard to your food at the commencement of the fast, nor the vertical (streaks) of whiteness in the horizon (for it is an indication of false dawn). You may go on eating (food) till (the whiteness) spreads like it. Hammad narrated it and with the gesture of his hand he explained, the horizontal position (of the streaks of light).
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ سَوَادَةَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ يُحَدِّثُ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " لَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ نِدَاءُ بِلَالٍ ، وَلَا هَذَا الْبَيَاضُ ، حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ الْفَجْرُ ، أَوَ قَالَ : حَتَّى يَنْفَجِرَ الْفَجْرُ " ،
Samura bin Jundub addressed and narrated from the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) having said (these words): Neither the call of Bilal (RA) should mislead you nor this whiteness (of false dawn) till (the true) dawn appears (or he said) till the dawn breaks.
وحَدَّثَنَاه ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، أَخْبَرَنِي سَوَادَةُ بْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَذَكَرَ هَذَا .
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Samura bin Jundub.
