What a judge's ruling does not make lawful

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You bring your disputes to me, while I too am a human being like you. Perhaps some of you may outdo others in argument, and I will judge between you only according to what I hear from you. So whoever I give a judgment for from the right of his brother should not take it, for it is only a piece of the Fire, with which he will come on the Day of Resurrection."

It is narrated from Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) that two men of the Ansar came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), disputing about an inheritance whose traces had been effaced, and they had no witnesses. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You bring your disputes to me, and I too am a human being like you. Perhaps some of you may prevail over others in proof and argument. I only judge between you according to what I hear. So whoever is given a judgment from the right of his brother should not collect it, for it is only a piece of the Fire, which on the Day of Resurrection will be a rod of Fire in his neck." Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Hearing this, both of them began to weep, and each said to the other: "My right is for my brother." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Since you have done this, now both of you go and divide it between yourselves, aim for the truth, then cast lots between yourselves, and then let each of you make his share lawful for his brother."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I too am a human being like you. Perhaps some of you may prevail over others in proof and argument. So whoever I allot something from the right of his brother, I am only cutting out for him a piece of the Fire."

Shurayh was saying to the litigants: "Soon the wrongdoers will come to know the right that they have diminished. Indeed, the wrongdoer awaits punishment and the wronged one awaits help."

Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Shurayh would say to a litigant: "O servant of Allah! By Allah, I have judged in your favour, and I think that you are a wrongdoer. But I do not judge on my supposition and opinion; I judge only on the witnesses you have presented. Indeed, my judgment will not make lawful for you what is unlawful for you."