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مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب المغازي
Book of Military Campaigns
غزوة بدر الكبرى (وما) كانت، وأمرها
The great Battle of Badr, how it came about and its events
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 39452 — The great Battle of Badr, how it came
٣٩٤٥٢ - حدثنا أبو معاوية عن الأعمش (عن عمرو بن مرة) (١) عن أبي عبيدة عن عبد اللَّه قال: لما كان يوم بدر قال رسول اللَّه ﷺ: "ما تقولون (في) (٢) هؤلاء الأسارى؟ " قال أبو بكر: يا رسول اللَّه قومك و (أصلك) (٣) (استبقهم) (٤) واستتبهم، لعل اللَّه أن يتوب عليهم، وقال عمر: يا رسول اللَّه، كذبوك وأخرجوك، قدمهم نضرب أعناقهم، وقال عبد اللَّه بن رواحة: يا رسول اللَّه ⦗٤٤٥⦘ [(أنت) (٥) في واد كثير الحطب فأضرم الوادي عليهم نارا ثم ألقهم فيه، فقال العباس: قطع اللَّه] (٦) رحمك، قال: فسكت رسول اللَّه ﷺ فلم يرد عليهم. ثم قام (٧) فدخل، فقال أناس: يأخذ يقول أبي بكر، وقال أناس: يأخذ يقول عمر، وقال أناس: يأخذ يقول عبد اللَّه بن رواحة. ثم خرج رسول اللَّه ﷺ فقال: "إن اللَّه ليلين قلوب رجال فيه حتى تكون ألين من اللبن، وإن اللَّه ليشدد قلوب رجال فيه حتى تكون أشد من الحجارة وإن مثلك يا أبا بكر مثل إبراهيم قال: ﴿فَمَنْ تَبِعَنِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَإِنَّكَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ﴾ [إبراهيم: ٣٦]، وإن مثلك يا أبا بكر كمثل عيسى قال: ﴿إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أنت الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾ [المائدة: ١١٨]، وإن مثلك يا عمر مثل موسى قال: ﴿رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ﴾ [يونس: ٨٨]، وإن مثلك يا عمر مثل نوح قال: ﴿رَبِّ لَا تَذَرْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ دَيَّارًا﴾ [نوح: ٢٦]، أنتم عالة، فلا ينفلتن أحد منهم إلا بفداء أو ضربة عنق". فقال ابن مسعود: يا رسول اللَّه إلا (سهيل) (٨) بن بيضاء فإني قد سمعته يذكر الإسلام، قال: (فسكت) (٩) رسول اللَّه ﷺ، فما رأيتني في يوم أخوف أن تقع عليَّ حجارة من السماء مني في ذلك اليوم حتى قائل رسول اللَّه ﷺ إلا سهيل بن بيضاء، فأنزل اللَّه: ﴿مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ﴾ [الأنفال: ٦٧]، ⦗٤٤٦⦘ إلى آخر الآية (١٠).
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Badr the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is your opinion concerning the captives of Badr?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), (these people) are of your own people and tribe. Seek their survival and their repentance; perhaps Allah Almighty will turn to them (that is, guide them)." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), these people denied you and drove you out (of the city). Bring them forward so that we may strike their necks." Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), you are in a valley with plenty of firewood. So set this valley ablaze against them, then throw them into that blazing fire." (Thereupon) Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "May Allah sever your kinship." The narrator said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent and gave the Companions no answer. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and went inside. People began to say: "He (peace and blessings be upon him) will take the word of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)." (Some) people said: "He (peace and blessings be upon him) will take the word of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)." And (some) people said: "He (peace and blessings be upon him) will take the word of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him)." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came out and said: "Indeed Allah Almighty has softened the hearts of some men concerning them (the captives), until they have become softer than milk. And Allah Almighty has hardened the hearts of some people concerning them, until they have become harder than stone. O Abu Bakr, your likeness is that of Ibrahim, who said: 'Whoever follows me is of me, and whoever disobeys me, then You are Forgiving, Merciful.' [Ibrahim: 36] And your likeness, O Abu Bakr, is that of Isa, who said: 'If You punish them, they are Your servants; and if You forgive them, You are the Mighty, the Wise.' [Al-Ma'idah: 118] And your likeness, O Umar, is that of Musa, who said: 'Our Lord, obliterate their wealth and harden their hearts, so that they will not believe until they see the painful punishment.' [Yunus: 88] And O Umar, your likeness is that of Nuh, who said: 'My Lord, do not leave upon the earth a single dweller from among the disbelievers.' [Nuh: 26] You people are (at this time) destitute, so none of them shall go free except by ransom or by the striking of the neck." Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), make an exception of Suhayl bin Bayda, for I have heard him speak of Islam." Ibn Mas'ud said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent. "I have never on any day been more afraid that stones would fall on me from the sky than on that day," until he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Suhayl bin Bayda is excepted." (Thereupon) Allah Almighty revealed this verse: "It is not for a prophet to have captives until he has thoroughly subdued (the enemy) in the land" [Al-Anfal: 67] to the end of the verse.
