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Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 1268 — Tamim al-Dari told me himself, or I was

حَدَّثَنَا مُطَّلِبُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَ تَمِيمٌ الدَّارِيُّ، أَوْ أُخْبِرْتُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّ تَمِيمًا الدَّارِيَّ، رَكَعَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ نَهْيِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، فَأَتَاهُ فَضَرَبَهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ، فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ تَمِيمٌ أَنِ اجْلِسْ، وَهُوَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَجَلَسَ عُمَرُ حَتَّى فَرَغَ تَمِيمٌ، فَقَالَ لِعُمَرَ: لِمَ ضَرَبْتَنِي؟ قَالَ: لِأَنَّكَ رَكَعْتَ هَاتَيْنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُ عَنْهُمَا، قَالَ: فَإِنِّي " قَدْ صَلَّيْتُهُمَا مَعَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهُ: «إِنِّي لَيْسَ بِي إِيَّاكُمْ أَيُّهَا الرَّهْطُ، وَلَكِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بَعْدَكُمْ قَوْمٌ، يُصَلُّونَ مَا بَيْنَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى الْمَغْرِبِ، حَتَّى يَمُرُّوا بِالسَّاعةِ، الَّتِي نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُصَلَّى فِيهَا، كَمَا وَصَلُوا بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ، وَالْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ قَدْ رَأَيْنَا فُلَانَ، وَفُلَانَ يُصَلُّونَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ»
Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Tamim al-Dari (may Allah be pleased with him) told me himself, or I was told about him, that Tamim al-Dari (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed two rak'ahs after Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) had forbidden praying after Asr. So Umar came to him and struck him with his whip. Tamim (may Allah be pleased with him), while still in his prayer, gestured to him to sit, so Umar sat until Tamim finished. Then he asked Umar: "Why did you strike me?" He said: "Because you prayed these two rak'ahs which I had forbidden." He said: "I prayed them with one better than you, with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." So Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "My intent was not to forbid you, O group, but I fear that after you will come people who will keep praying from Asr until Maghrib, until they enter even the time in which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade praying, just as they joined the time between Zuhr and Asr, and then they will say: We saw so-and-so and so-and-so praying after Asr."
Hadith Reference المعجم الكبير للطبراني / باب التاء / 1268
Hadith Takhrij المعجم الكبير للطبراني (مطبوعہ): جلد 2، صفحہ 58، حدیث 1281