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Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 10347 — I was sitting with Sayyiduna Abdullah

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ الْكَشِّيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَجَاءٍ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ زُبَيْدٍ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ السَّكَنِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ، وَعِنْدَهُ قَصْعَةٌ مِنْ ثَرِيدٍ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فَقَالَ: أَلَا تَدْنُو يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَى الْغَدَاءِ؟ قَالَ: وَمَا صُمْتُمْ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ؟ قَالَ: «إِنَّ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ كُنَّا نَصُومُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ رَمَضَانُ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ صُمْنَاهُ وَتَرَكْنَا مَا سِوَاهُ»
Qays bin al-Sakan (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates: I was sitting with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) on the day of Ashura, and there was a bowl of tharid in front of him. Then al-Ash'ath bin Qays came in to him, and (Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him)) said: "O Abu Muhammad, will you not come near to the meal?" He said: "Have you people not fasted this day?" (Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him)) said: "This is a day on which we used to fast before Ramadan was revealed; then when Ramadan was revealed, we fasted it and left what was besides it."
Hadith Reference المعجم الكبير للطبراني / باب العين / 10347
Hadith Takhrij المعجم الكبير للطبراني (مطبوعہ): جلد 10، صفحہ 180، حدیث 10385