المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الخلافة والإمارة
Book of the Caliphate and Leadership
بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنْ الطاعة فِي غَيْرِ الْمَعْرُوفِ
The prohibition of obedience in what is not right
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قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلَالٍ ، ثَنَا شَرِيكُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي نَمِرٍ ، عَنِ الْأَعْشَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُكْمِلٍ ، عَنْ أَزْهَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ ، قَالَ : أَقْبَلَ عُبَادَةُ حَاجًّا مِنَ الشَّامِ ، فَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَأَتَى عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ : أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى . قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : سَيَكُونُ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ يَأْمُرُونَكُمْ بِمَا تَعْرِفُونَ ، وَيَعْمَلُونَ بِمَا تُنْكِرُونَ فَلَيْسَ لِأُولَئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَاعَةٌ " .
It is narrated from Azhar bin Abdullah that Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) set out from Syria for Hajj. When he reached Madinah, he came to Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "Shall I not tell you something I heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?" He said: "Of course (do tell me)." Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "Soon there will be commanders (rulers) over you who will order you to do the good deeds that you recognise (by the Shari'ah) as ma'ruf (good), but they themselves will do things that you recognise as munkar (evil). Such people are owed no obedience by you (in those wrongs)."
This hadith is the basis of the legal principle that there is no obedience to any creature in disobedience to the Creator.
This hadith is the basis of the legal principle that there is no obedience to any creature in disobedience to the Creator.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ ، ثَنَا حَرْبٌ ، ثَنَا يَحْيَى ، حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ زُنَيْبٍ ، قَالَ : [إِنَّ] أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ مُعَاذًا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَيْنَا أُمَرَاءُ لَا يَسْتَنُّونَ بِسُنَّتِكَ ، وَلَا يَأْخُذُونَ بِأَمْرِكَ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا فِيهِمْ ؟ قَالَ : لَا طَاعَةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُطِعِ اللهَ .
Imam Abu Ya'la (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated with his chain that Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) related that Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), what do you say if commanders (rulers) are set over us who do not act according to your pure Sunnah and do not follow your command; what do you order us to do regarding them in that case?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no obedience owed to one who does not obey Allah."
Imam Abu Ya'la al-Mawsili (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded this hadith in his Musnad, and this narration supports the legal principle that obedience to a creature is not permissible in disobedience to the Creator.
Imam Abu Ya'la al-Mawsili (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded this hadith in his Musnad, and this narration supports the legal principle that obedience to a creature is not permissible in disobedience to the Creator.
