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Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 4206 — The birth of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ

أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ : حَدَّثَنِي جَهْمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْجَهْمِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ، أَوْ عَنْ مَنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : لَمَّا وُلِدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدِمَتْ حَلِيمَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ فِي نِسْوَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ يَلْتَمِسْنَ الرُّضَعَاءَ بِمَكَّةَ ، قَالَتْ حَلِيمَةُ : فَخَرَجْتُ فِي أَوَائِلِ النِّسْوَةِ عَلَى أَتَانٍ لِي قَمْرَاءَ ، وَمَعِي زَوْجِي الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى ، أَحَدُ بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ ، ثُمَّ أَحَدُ بَنِي نَاصِرَةَ ، قَدْ أَدِمَتْ أَتَانُنَا ، وَمَعِي بِالرَّكْبِ شَارِفٌ ، وَاللهِ مَا تَبِضُّ بِقَطْرَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ فِي سَنَةٍ شَهْبَاءَ ، قَدْ جَاعَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى خَلَصَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْجَهْدُ ، وَمَعِي ابْنٌ لِي ، وَاللهِ مَا يَنَامُ لَيْلَنَا ، وَمَا أَجِدُ فِي ثَدْيَيَّ شَيْئًا أُعَلِّلُهُ بِهِ ، إِلَّا أَنَّا نَرْجُو الْغَيْثَ ، وَكَانَتْ لَنَا غَنَمٌ ، فَنَحْنُ نَرْجُوهَا ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ فَمَا بَقِيَ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا عُرِضَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَرِهَتْهُ ، فَقُلْنَا : إِنَّهُ يَتِيمٌ ، وَإِنَّمَا يُكْرِمُ الظِّئْرَ وَيُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهَا الْوَالِدُ ، فَقُلْنَا : مَا عَسَى أَنْ تَصْنَعَ بِنَا أُمُّهُ أَوْ عَمُّهُ أَوْ جَدُّهُ ، فَكُلُّ صَوَاحِبِي أَخَذَ رَضِيعًا وَلَمْ أَجِدْ شَيْئًا ، فَلَمَّا لَمْ أَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ رَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذْتُهُ ، وَاللهِ مَا أَخَذْتُهُ إِلَّا أَنِّي لَمْ أَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ ، فَقُلْتُ لِصَاحِبِي : وَاللهِ لَآخُذَنَّ الْيَتِيمَ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، فَعَسَى اللهُ أَنْ يَنْفَعَنَا بِهِ ، وَلَا أَرْجِعُ مِنْ بَيْنِ صَوَاحِبِي وَلَا آخُذُ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ : قَدْ أَصَبْتِ ، قَالَتْ : فَأَخَذْتُهُ ، فَأَتَيْتُ بِهِ الرَّحْلَ ، فَوَاللهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ أَتَيْتُ بِهِ الرَّحْلَ فَأَمْسَيْتُ أَفْتِلُ ثَدْيَايَ بِاللَّبَنِ حَتَّى أَرْوَيْتُهُ وَأَرْوَيْتُ أَخَاهُ ، وَقَامَ أَبُوهُ إِلَى شَارِفِنَا تِلْكَ يَلْمَسُهَا ، فَإِذَا هِيَ حَافِلٌ فَحَلَبَهَا ، فَأَرْوَانِي وَرَوِيَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا حَلِيمَةُ ، تَعْلَمِينَ ، وَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَصَبْتِ نَسَمَةً مُبَارَكَةً ، وَلَقَدْ أَعْطَى اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِمَا مَا لَمْ نَتَمَنَّ ، قَالَتْ : فَبِتْنَا بِخَيْرِ لَيْلَةٍ شِبَاعًا ، وَكُنَّا لَا نَنَامُ لَيْلَنَا مَعَ صَبِيِّنَا ، ثُمَّ اغْتَدَيْنَا رَاجِعِينَ إِلَى بِلَادِنَا أَنَا وَصَوَاحِبِي ، فَرَكِبْتُ أَتَانِي الْقَمْرَاءَ فَحَمَلْتُهُ مَعِي ، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسُ حَلِيمَةَ بِيَدِهِ لَقَطَعْتُ بِالرَّكْبِ ، حَتَّى إِنَّ النِّسْوَةَ لَيَقُلْنَ : أَمْسِكِي عَلَيْنَا ، أَهَذِهِ أَتَانُكِ الَّتِي خَرَجْتِ عَلَيْهَا ؟ فَقُلْتُ : نَعَمْ ، فَقَالُوا : إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ أَدِمَتْ حِينَ أَقْبَلْنَا ، فَمَا شَأْنُهَا ؟ قَالَتْ : فَقُلْتُ : وَاللهِ لَقَدْ حَمَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا غُلَامًا مُبَارَكًا ، قَالَتْ : فَخَرَجْنَا فَمَا زَالَ يَزِيدُنَا اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ خَيْرًا ، حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا وَالْبِلَادُ سَنَةٌ ، فَلَقَدْ كَانَتْ رُعَاتُنَا يُسَرِّحُونَ ، ثُمَّ يُرِيحُونَ ، فَتَرُوحُ أَغْنَامُ بَنِي سَعْدٍ جِيَاعًا ، وَتَرُوحُ غَنَمِي شِبَاعًا بِطَانًا حُفَّلًا ، فَتُحْلَبُ وَنَشْرَبُ ، فَيَقُولُونَ : مَا شَأْنُ غَنَمِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى وَغَنَمِ حَلِيمَةَ تَرُوحُ شِبَاعًا حُفَّلًا وَتَرُوحُ غَنَمُكُمْ جِيَاعًا ، وَيْلَكُمُ اسْرَحُوا حَيْثُ تَسْرَحُ رِعَاؤُكُمْ ، فَيُسَرِّحُونَ مَعَهُمْ فَمَا تَرُوحُ إِلَّا جِيَاعًا كَمَا كَانَتْ ، وَتَرْجِعُ غَنَمِي كَمَا كَانَتْ ، قَالَتْ : وَكَانَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَشِبُّ شَبَابًا مَا يَشِبُّهُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْغِلْمَانِ ، يَشِبُّ فِي الْيَوْمِ شَبَابَ الْغُلَامِ فِي الشَّهْرِ ، وَيَشِبُّ فِي الشَّهْرِ شَبَابَ السَّنَةِ ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَكْمَلَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَنَتَيْنِ أَقْدَمْنَاهُ مَكَّةَ ، أَنَا وَأَبُوهُ ، فَقُلْنَا : وَاللهِ لَا نُفَارِقُهُ أَبَدًا وَنَحْنُ نَسْتَطِيعُ ، فَلَمَّا أَتَيْنَا أُمَّهُ ، قُلْنَا لَهَا : أَيْ ظِئْرُ ، وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْنَا صَبِيًّا قَطُّ أَعْظَمَ بَرَكَةً مِنْهُ ، وَإِنَّا نَتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ وَبَاءَ مَكَّةَ وَأَسْقَامَهَا ، فَدَعِيهِ ، نَرْجِعُ بِهِ حَتَّى تَبْرَئِي مِنْ دَائِكِ ، فَلَمْ نَزَلْ بِهَا حَتَّى أَذِنَتْ ، فَرَجَعْنَا بِهِ ، فَأَقَمْنَا أَشْهُرًا ثَلَاثَةً أَوْ أَرْبَعَةً ، فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَلْعَبُ خَلْفَ الْبُيُوتِ هُوَ وَأَخُوهُ فِي غَنَمٍ لَهُمْ ، إِذْ أَتَى أَخُوهُ يَشْتَدُّ ، وَأَنَا وَأَبُوهُ فِي الْبَيْتِ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ أَخِي الْقُرَشِيَّ أَتَاهُ رَجُلَانِ عَلَيْهِمَا ثِيَابٌ بِيضٌ فَأَخَذَاهُ فَأَضْجَعَاهُ فَشَقَّا بَطْنَهُ ، فَخَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُوهُ نَشْتَدُّ ، فَوَجَدْنَاهُ قَائِمًا قَدِ انْتَقَعَ لَوْنُهُ ، فَلَمَّا رَآنَا أَجْهَشَ إِلَيْنَا وَبَكَى ، قَالَتْ : فَالْتَزَمْتُهُ أَنَا وَأَبُوهُ فَضَمَمْنَاهُ إِلَيْنَا ، فَقُلْنَا : مَا لَكَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي ؟ فَقَالَ : أَتَانِي رَجُلَانِ فَأَضْجَعَانِي فَشَقَّا بَطْنِي فَصَنَعَ بِهِ شَيْئًا ، ثُمَّ رَدَّاهُ كَمَا هُوَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُوهُ : وَاللهِ مَا أَرَى ابْنِي إِلَّا وَقَدْ أُصِيبَ ، الْحَقِي بِأَهْلِهِ فَرُدِّيهِ إِلَيْهِمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَظْهَرَ بِهِ مَا يُتَخَوَّفُ مِنْهُ ، قَالَتْ : فَاحْتَمَلْنَاهُ ، فَقَدِمْنَا عَلَى أُمِّهِ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْنَا أَنْكَرَتْ شَأْنَنَا ، وَقَالَتْ : مَا رَجَعَكُمَا بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكُمَاهُ ، وَقَدْ كُنْتُمَا حَرِيصَيْنِ عَلَى حَبْسِهِ ؟ فَقُلْنَا : لَا شَيْءَ ، إِلَّا أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ قَضَى الرَّضَاعَةَ ، وَسَرَّنَا مَا تَرَيْنَ ، وَقُلْنَا نُؤَدِّيهِ كَمَا تُحِبُّونَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْنَا ، قَالَ : فَقُلْتُ : إِنَّ لَكُمَا لَشَأْنًا ، فَأَخْبِرَانِي مَا هُوَ ؟ فَلَمْ تَدَعْنَا حَتَّى أَخْبَرْنَاهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : كَلَّا وَاللهِ لَا يَصْنَعُ اللهُ ذَلِكَ بِهِ ، إِنَّ لِابْنِي شَأْنًا ، أَفَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمَا خَبَرَهُ ؟ إِنِّي حَمَلْتُ بِهِ فَوَاللهِ مَا حَمَلْتُ حَمْلًا قَطُّ كَانَ أَخَفَّ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُ وَلَا أَيْسَرَ مِنْهُ ، ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُ حِينَ حَمَلْتُهُ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مِنِّي نُورٌ أَضَاءَ مِنْهُ أَعْنَاقُ الْإِبِلِ بِبُصْرَى ، أَوْ قَالَتْ : قُصُورُ بُصْرَى ، ثُمَّ وَضَعْتُهُ حِينَ وَضَعْتُهُ ، فَوَاللهِ مَا وَقَعَ كَمَا يَقَعُ الصِّبْيَانُ ، لَقَدْ وَقَعَ مُعْتَمِدًا بِيَدِهِ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ رَافِعًا رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ، فَدَعَاهُ عَنْكُمَا ، فَقَبَضَتْهُ وَانْطَلَقْنَا .
4206 \ 2 - أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ، أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنَا جَهْمُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْمٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ، أَوْ عَنْ مَنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : قَالَتْ حَلِيمَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ ، أُمُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ السَّعْدِيَّةُ : قَدِمْتُ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ ، نَلْتَمِسُ الرُّضَعَاءَ بِمَكَّةَ ... فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ .
4206 \ 3 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مَسْرُوقُ بْنُ الْمَرْزُبَانِ ، وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ، وَنَسَخْتُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَسْرُوقٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنْ جَهْمِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْجَهْمِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، عَنْ حَلِيمَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ ، قَالَتْ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ... فَذَكَرَهُ بِطُولِهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with them both) (or from some narrator who narrated from him) that when the blessed birth of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took place, Sayyidah Halimah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) came to Makkah with some women of the tribe of Banu Sa'd bin Bakr in search of infants to nurse. Sayyidah Halimah says: I set out ahead of all my companion women, riding a slow, ash-coloured she-donkey of mine. With me was my husband, al-Harith bin Abd al-Uzza, who belonged to Banu Sa'd bin Bakr and then to Banu Nasirah. Our she-donkey had become exhausted and lagged behind, and we also had an old she-camel with us. By Allah, because of the drought year not a single drop of milk would drip from her udders. People were faint with hunger and in severe hardship. With me was my own nursing child; by Allah, because of hunger he would not let us sleep the whole night, and in my breast there was not even a drop of milk to soothe him. We only had hope in the mercy of Allah and in rain. We also had some goats, on which we pinned great hopes. When we reached Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was offered to every woman among us, but because he was an orphan, all of them were reluctant to take him (peace and blessings be upon him). We would say: "This is an orphan child, and it is the child's father who gives the nurse her reward and treats her well. What could his mother, uncle or grandfather possibly do for us?" So all of my friends took some child, except me; I found no other child. When I found no child other than him (peace and blessings be upon him), I went back and took him (peace and blessings be upon him). By Allah, I took him (peace and blessings be upon him) only because I had not found any other child. I said to my husband: "By Allah, I will take this orphan child of Banu Abd al-Muttalib; perhaps Allah Almighty will benefit us through him. I do not like to return empty-handed from among my friends." He said: "You have decided rightly." Sayyidah Halimah says: I took him (peace and blessings be upon him) and brought him to my tent. By Allah, I had only just reached my lodging with him (peace and blessings be upon him) when both my breasts filled with milk, until I satisfied him (peace and blessings be upon him) and also fed his (peace and blessings be upon him) foster-brother (my son) well. Then his (peace and blessings be upon him) foster-father went to that old she-camel of ours and saw that she was standing full of milk. He milked her, and both he and I drank our fill. My husband began to say: "O Halimah, by Allah, know that you have obtained a most blessed being. Through his blessing Allah Almighty has given us what we could not even have wished for." Sayyidah Halimah says: We spent that night in great goodness and blessing, with full stomachs, whereas before this we could not sleep because of our child's crying. Then in the morning we set out to return to our land, and I seated him (peace and blessings be upon him) with me on that same she-donkey of mine. By the One in whose Hand is the soul of Halimah, this she-donkey of mine left the whole caravan behind, until the women began saying to me: "O Halimah, wait for us a little! Is this the same she-donkey on which you came?" I said: "Yes, by Allah, it is the same." They said: "When coming she was very weak and lagged behind; what has happened to her now?" I said: "By Allah, I have mounted a most blessed child upon her." Sayyidah Halimah says: We reached our home, and Allah Almighty kept increasing our goodness and blessing continually, even though that region was severely stricken by drought. When our shepherds brought the goats back from grazing, the other goats of Banu Sa'd would be hungry, while my goats would return with full stomachs and udders full of milk; we would milk them and drink. The other people, astonished, would say to their shepherds: "What has happened to the goats of al-Harith bin Abd al-Uzza and Halimah that they come back satisfied while your goats remain hungry? Woe to you! Why do you not graze them where their shepherds graze?" So they would send their shepherds too where my shepherds were, yet their goats would still come back hungry, while my goats returned satisfied as before. Sayyidah Halimah says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was growing up in a way that ordinary children do not grow; he (peace and blessings be upon him) would grow in one day as much as another child grows in a month, and would develop in one month as much as another child develops in a whole year. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) completed two years, his foster-father and I brought him (peace and blessings be upon him) to Makkah. We had agreed between ourselves that as long as it was in our power we would not part with him (peace and blessings be upon him). When we reached his (peace and blessings be upon him) mother, we said to her: "O respected lady, by Allah, we have never seen a child more blessed than this child. We fear that the epidemics and diseases of Makkah may harm him, so let him stay with us until you are reassured about it (the danger of epidemic)." We kept insisting to her until she gave us permission, so we brought him (peace and blessings be upon him) back. Only three or four months had passed when one day he (peace and blessings be upon him) was playing with his foster-brother among their goats behind the houses, when suddenly his (peace and blessings be upon him) brother came running; his father and I were in the house. He came and told us: "Two men in white clothes came to this Qurashi brother of mine; they seized him, laid him down and split open his stomach." His father and I rushed out running and saw that he (peace and blessings be upon him) was standing and his (peace and blessings be upon him) colour had changed. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw us, he rushed towards us and began to cry. Sayyidah Halimah says: His father and I embraced him (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked: "May my mother and father be sacrificed for you, what has happened to you?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Two men came to me, laid me down, split open my stomach and did something in it, and then restored it just as it was before." Hearing this, his (peace and blessings be upon him) foster-father said: "O Halimah, by Allah, I think something has affected this child. Take him to his family before something we fear becomes apparent." So we took him (peace and blessings be upon him) to his mother. When she saw us, she expressed surprise at our sudden return and asked: "Why have you brought him back before I asked for him, when you were so eager to keep him with you?" We said: "There is nothing in particular; it is only that Allah Almighty has completed the period of his nursing, and we are pleased with the state in which we saw him, so we thought it best to return what was entrusted to us safely to his family." His (peace and blessings be upon him) mother said: "No! There is certainly something else with you; tell me truthfully what the matter is." She did not leave us alone until we told her the whole matter. She said: "Never! By Allah, Allah Almighty will never treat this child in such an (ill) way. This son of mine has a great standing. Shall I not tell you about him? When I became pregnant with him, by Allah, I never felt the burden and discomfort of pregnancy that women usually feel. Then, while he was in my womb, I saw that a light came out of me by which the necks of the camels of Busra (or she said: the palaces of Busra) were illuminated. Then, when he was born, by Allah, he was not born the way ordinary children are born; rather, he was born supporting himself with his hands on the ground and raising his head towards the sky. Now leave him with me." So she kept him (peace and blessings be upon him) with her, and we returned.
Imam Ishaq said: Wahb bin Jarir bin Hazim narrated to us; his father narrated to us; he said: I heard Muhammad bin Ishaq saying: Jahm bin Abi Jahm narrated to me, from Abdullah bin Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with them both), or from someone who narrated from Abdullah bin Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with them both); he said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was born (then he mentioned the complete hadith).
Yahya bin Adam, from Ibn Idris, from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Jahm bin Abi Jahm, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with them both) (or from some narrator who narrated from him), from Sayyidah Halimah bint al-Harith al-Sa'diyyah (may Allah be pleased with her); she said: I came with some people of Banu Sa'd bin Bakr (and further on he mentioned something with the same meaning as the previous hadith).
Imam Abu Ya'la said: Masruq bin al-Marzuban and al-Hasan bin Hammad narrated to us, and I copied it from the hadith of Masruq; from Yahya bin Zakariyya bin Abi Za'idah, from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Jahm bin Abi Jahm, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with them both), from Sayyidah Halimah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (then he mentioned this hadith in detail).
Hadith Reference المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية / كتاب السيرة والمغازي / 4206
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسناده ضعيف
Hadith Takhrij «حکم الحدیث المطالب العالیہ محققاً تنسیق د. سعد بن ناصر بن عبد العزيز الشَّثري- مکتبہ شاملہ :إسناده ضعيف »
«أخرجه مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد برقم: 13839، وأخرجه صحيح ابن حبان برقم: 6335»