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المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ
Surah al-Baqarah
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 3521 — Surah al-Baqarah
اُردوEn
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ، ثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ ابْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ : نَزَلَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِالرَّوْحَاءِ فَرَأَى أُنَاسًا يَبْتَدِرُونَ أَحْجَارًا فَقَالَ : مَا هَذَا ؟ فَقَالُوا : يَقُولُونَ : إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى إِلَى هَذِهِ الْأَحْجَارِ . فَقَالَ : سُبْحَانَ اللهِ مَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا رَاكِبًا مَرَّ بِوَادٍ ، فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَصَلَّى ، ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ فَقَالَ : إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَغْشَى الْيَهُودَ يَوْمَ دِرَاسَتِهِمْ فَقَالُوا : مَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ أَحَدٌ أَكْرَمُ عَلَيْنَا مِنْكَ ; لِأَنَّكَ تَأْتِينَا . قُلْتُ : مَا ذَاكَ إِلَّا أَنِّي أَعْجَبُ مِنْ كُتُبِ اللهِ تَعَالَى كَيْفَ يُصَدِّقُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا ، كَيْفَ تُصَدِّقُ التَّوْرَاةُ الْفَرْقَانَ ، وَالْفَرْقَانُ التَّوْرَاةَ ، فَمَرَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا وَأَنَا أُكَلِّمُهُمْ فَقُلْتُ : أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ وَمَا تَقْرَؤُونَ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ؟ فَقَالُوا : نَعَمْ .
فَقُلْتُ : هَلَكْتُمْ ، وَاللهِ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ لَا تَتْبَعُونَهُ ؟ فَقَالُوا : لَمْ نَهْلِكْ ، وَلَكِنْ سَأَلْنَاهُ مَنْ يَأْتِيهِ بِنُبُوَّتِهِ ؟ فَقَالَ : عَدُوُّنَا جِبْرِيلُ ; لِأَنَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ يَنْزِلُ بِالشِّدَّةِ وَالْغِلْظَةِ وَالْحَرْبِ وَالْهَلَاكِ وَنَحْوِ هَذَا . فَقُلْتُ : فَمَنْ سِلْمُكُمْ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ ؟ فَقَالُوا : مِيكَائِيلُ يَنْزِلُ بِالْقَطْرِ وَالرَّحْمَةِ وَكَذَا . قُلْتُ : وَكَيْفَ مَنْزِلَتُهُمَا مِنْ رَبِّهِمَا ؟ فَقَالُوا : أَحَدُهُمَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ ، وَالْآخَرُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ . قُلْتُ : فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لِجِبْرِيلَ أَنْ يُعَادِيَ مِيكَائِيلَ ، وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِمِيكَائِيلَ أَنْ يُسَالِمَ عَدُوَّ جِبْرِيلَ ، وَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُمَا وَرَبَّهُمَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمُوا ، وَحَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبُوا . ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُخْبِرَهُ ، فَلَمَّا لَقِيتُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِآيَاتٍ أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيَّ ؟ " قُلْتُ : بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ . فَقَرَأَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُلْ مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِجِبْرِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ نَـزَّلَهُ عَلَى قَلْبِكَ بِإِذْنِ اللهِ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، وَاللهِ مَا قُمْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ إِلَّا إِلَيْكَ لِأُخْبِرَكَ بِمَا قَالُوا لِي وَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ ، فَوَجَدْتُ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ سَبَقَنِي .
قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي وَأَنَا أَشَدُّ فِي اللهِ مِنَ الْحَجَرِ
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُرْسَلٌ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ .
فَقُلْتُ : هَلَكْتُمْ ، وَاللهِ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ لَا تَتْبَعُونَهُ ؟ فَقَالُوا : لَمْ نَهْلِكْ ، وَلَكِنْ سَأَلْنَاهُ مَنْ يَأْتِيهِ بِنُبُوَّتِهِ ؟ فَقَالَ : عَدُوُّنَا جِبْرِيلُ ; لِأَنَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ يَنْزِلُ بِالشِّدَّةِ وَالْغِلْظَةِ وَالْحَرْبِ وَالْهَلَاكِ وَنَحْوِ هَذَا . فَقُلْتُ : فَمَنْ سِلْمُكُمْ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ ؟ فَقَالُوا : مِيكَائِيلُ يَنْزِلُ بِالْقَطْرِ وَالرَّحْمَةِ وَكَذَا . قُلْتُ : وَكَيْفَ مَنْزِلَتُهُمَا مِنْ رَبِّهِمَا ؟ فَقَالُوا : أَحَدُهُمَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ ، وَالْآخَرُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ . قُلْتُ : فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لِجِبْرِيلَ أَنْ يُعَادِيَ مِيكَائِيلَ ، وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِمِيكَائِيلَ أَنْ يُسَالِمَ عَدُوَّ جِبْرِيلَ ، وَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُمَا وَرَبَّهُمَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمُوا ، وَحَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبُوا . ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُخْبِرَهُ ، فَلَمَّا لَقِيتُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِآيَاتٍ أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيَّ ؟ " قُلْتُ : بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ . فَقَرَأَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُلْ مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِجِبْرِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ نَـزَّلَهُ عَلَى قَلْبِكَ بِإِذْنِ اللهِ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، وَاللهِ مَا قُمْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ إِلَّا إِلَيْكَ لِأُخْبِرَكَ بِمَا قَالُوا لِي وَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ ، فَوَجَدْتُ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ سَبَقَنِي .
قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي وَأَنَا أَشَدُّ فِي اللهِ مِنَ الْحَجَرِ
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُرْسَلٌ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ .
It is narrated from Imam al-Sha'bi that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stopped at al-Rawha' and saw some people hurrying towards certain stones (for blessing). He asked: "What is this?" The people said: "They say that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed by these stones." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Subhan Allah (Glory be to Allah)! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was merely a rider travelling who passed through a valley; when the time of prayer came there, he (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the prayer." Then he narrated an incident and said: "I used to go to the Jews on the day of their study. They said to me: 'None of your companions is more honoured in our eyes than you, because you (keep) coming to us.' I said: 'It is nothing other than that I marvel at the Books of Allah Almighty, how they confirm one another; how the Torah confirms the Furqan (the Qur'an) and the Furqan confirms the Torah.' Then one day the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by while I was talking with the Jews, and I said to them: 'I ask you by Allah and by His Book which you read: do you know that he is the Messenger of Allah?' They said: 'Yes.'
I said: 'Then you are ruined! By Allah, if you know that he is the Messenger of Allah and still do not follow him (then you are destroyed)?' They said: 'We are not ruined; rather, we asked him who brings him the message of prophethood, and he said: Jibril — our enemy, because he descends with severity, harshness, war, destruction and the like.' I asked: 'Then who is your friend among the angels?' They said: 'Mika'il, who descends with rain, mercy and so on.' I asked: 'What is the standing of the two of them with their Lord?' They said: 'One of them is on His right and the other on the other side.' I said: 'Then it is not at all permissible for Jibril to be hostile to Mika'il, nor is it permissible for Mika'il to be at peace with an enemy of Jibril. And I bear witness that the two of them and their Lord are peace for those who are at peace with them, and war for those who are at war with them.' Then I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to inform him (peace and blessings be upon him) of this. When I met him (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Shall I not tell you of verses that have (just) been revealed to me?' I said: 'Of course, O Messenger of Allah!' So he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: Say: Whoever is an enemy to Jibril, it is he who has brought it down upon your heart by the permission of Allah, confirming what came before it, and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers [Surah al-Baqarah: 97]. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! By Allah, I got up from there and came straight to you to tell you about their conversation and mine, but I found that Allah Almighty had gone ahead of me.'
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Indeed, I found myself harder than stone in the matter of Allah."
This hadith is mursal and its chain is sahih (authentic).
I said: 'Then you are ruined! By Allah, if you know that he is the Messenger of Allah and still do not follow him (then you are destroyed)?' They said: 'We are not ruined; rather, we asked him who brings him the message of prophethood, and he said: Jibril — our enemy, because he descends with severity, harshness, war, destruction and the like.' I asked: 'Then who is your friend among the angels?' They said: 'Mika'il, who descends with rain, mercy and so on.' I asked: 'What is the standing of the two of them with their Lord?' They said: 'One of them is on His right and the other on the other side.' I said: 'Then it is not at all permissible for Jibril to be hostile to Mika'il, nor is it permissible for Mika'il to be at peace with an enemy of Jibril. And I bear witness that the two of them and their Lord are peace for those who are at peace with them, and war for those who are at war with them.' Then I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to inform him (peace and blessings be upon him) of this. When I met him (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Shall I not tell you of verses that have (just) been revealed to me?' I said: 'Of course, O Messenger of Allah!' So he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: Say: Whoever is an enemy to Jibril, it is he who has brought it down upon your heart by the permission of Allah, confirming what came before it, and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers [Surah al-Baqarah: 97]. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! By Allah, I got up from there and came straight to you to tell you about their conversation and mine, but I found that Allah Almighty had gone ahead of me.'
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Indeed, I found myself harder than stone in the matter of Allah."
This hadith is mursal and its chain is sahih (authentic).
