مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى : وَأَنْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الْأَقْرَبِينَ .
The words of Allah the Exalted: "And warn your nearest kindred"
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عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ وَأَنْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الْأَقْرَبِينَ صَاحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى أَبِي قُبَيْسٍ : " يَا آلَ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ إِنِّي نَذِيرٌ " . فَجَاءَتْهُ قُرَيْشٌ ، فَحَذَّرَهُمْ وَأَنْذَرَهُمْ ، قَالُوا : تَزْعُمُ أَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ يُوحَى إِلَيْكَ ، وَأَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ سُخِّرَ لَهُ الرِّيحُ وَالْجِبَالُ ، وَأَنَّ مُوسَى سُخِّرَ لَهُ الْبَحْرُ ، وَأَنَّ عِيسَى كَانَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى ، فَادْعُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُسَيِّرَ عَنَّا هَذِهِ الْجِبَالَ ، وَيُفَجِّرَ لَنَا أَنْهَارًا فَنَتَّخِذَهَا مَحَارِثًا فَنَزْرَعُ وَنَأْكُلُ ، وَإِلَّا فَادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُحْيِيَ لَنَا مَوْتَانَا ، وَإِلَّا فَادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُصَيِّرَ هَذِهِ الصَّخْرَةَ الَّتِي تَحْتَكَ ذَهَبًا فَنَنْحِتُ مِنْهَا وَتُغْنِينَا عَنْ رِحْلَةِ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ ، فَإِنَّكَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّكَ كَهَيْئَتِهِمْ . فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ حَوْلَهُ إِذْ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْوَحْيُ ، فَلَمَّا سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ قَالَ : " وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، لَقَدْ أَعْطَانِي مَا سَأَلْتُمْ ، وَلَوْ شِئْتُ لَكَانَ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ خَيَّرَنِي بَيْنَ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا بَابَ الرَّحْمَةِ فَيُؤْمِنَ مُؤْمِنُكُمْ ، وَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَكِلَكُمْ إِلَى مَا اخْتَرْتُمْ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ فَتَضِلُّوا عَنْ بَابِ الرَّحْمَةِ وَلَا يُؤْمِنُ مُؤْمِنُكُمْ ، فَاخْتَرْتُ بَابَ الرَّحْمَةِ فَيُؤْمِنُ مُؤْمِنُكُمْ ، وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ إِنْ أَعْطَاكُمْ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ كَفَرْتُمْ أَنَّهُ مُعَذِّبُكُمْ عَذَابًا لَا يُعَذِّبُهُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ " . فَنَزَلَتْ وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالْآيَاتِ إِلَّا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الْأَوَّلُونَ حَتَّى قَرَأَ ثَلَاثَ آيَاتٍ ، وَنَزَلَتْ وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الْأَرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتَى - الْآيَةَ . رَوَاهُ أَبُو يَعْلَى مِنْ طَرِيقِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْأَيْلِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَاءِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، وَكِلَاهُمَا وُثِّقَ ، وَقَدْ ضَعَّفَهُمَا الْجُمْهُورُ .
Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When this verse was revealed: (Allah Almighty says:) "And warn your nearest kinsmen", the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood on Mount Abu Qubays and said: O family of Abd Manaf! Indeed, I am a warner. The Quraysh came to him, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) exhorted them and warned them. They said: You claim that you are a prophet and that revelation comes to you; the wind and the mountains were made subservient to Sayyiduna Sulayman (peace be upon him), the sea was made subservient to Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him), and Sayyiduna Isa (peace be upon him) used to bring the dead to life. So pray to Allah Almighty to move these mountains away for us and make rivers flow for us, so that we may begin farming; we will farm and eat. Or else pray to Allah Almighty to bring our dead back to life for us. Or else pray to Allah Almighty that the rock beneath you turn to gold, so that we may extract gold from it, and then we will have no need of the winter and summer trade caravans, if you claim that you too are (a prophet) like them. Meanwhile, revelation descended upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When that state passed from him, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By the One in whose Hand of power is my soul, Allah Almighty has granted me what you are asking for; if I wished, it could happen. But my Lord has given me a choice: either that you enter through the door of mercy and the believers among you come to faith, or that Allah Almighty leaves you to what you have chosen for yourselves, in which case you will stray from the door of mercy and the believers among you will not come to faith. So I chose the door of mercy, so that the believers among you may come to faith. And my Lord has informed me that if He grants you these things and then you disbelieve, He will punish you with a punishment with which He will not punish anyone in all the worlds." Then this verse was revealed: "And nothing prevented Us from sending the signs except that the former peoples denied them", until the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited three more verses. And this verse was also revealed concerning that: "And if there were a Qur'an by which the mountains were moved, or by which the earth were split apart, or by which the dead were spoken to."
Abu Ya'la recorded it via Abd al-Jabbar bin Umar al-Ayli from Abdullah bin Ata' bin Ibrahim; both have been declared trustworthy, but the majority have declared them both da'if (weak).
Abu Ya'la recorded it via Abd al-Jabbar bin Umar al-Ayli from Abdullah bin Ata' bin Ibrahim; both have been declared trustworthy, but the majority have declared them both da'if (weak).
وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ وَأَنْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الْأَقْرَبِينَ جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَأَجْلَسَهُمْ عَلَى الْبَابِ ، وَجَمَعَ نِسَاءَهُ وَأَهْلَهُ فَأَجْلَسَهُمْ فِي الْبَيْتِ ، ثُمَّ اطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَقَالَ : " يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ اشْتَرُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ ، وَأَوْسِعُوا فِي فِكَاكِ رِقَابِكُمْ ، وَافْتَكُّوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - فَإِنِّي لَا أُمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا " . ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ فَقَالَ : يَا عَائِشَةُ بِنْتَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَيَا حَفْصَةُ بِنْتَ عُمَرَ وَيَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ وَيَا فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَيَا أُمَّ الزُّبَيْرِ عَمَّةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ، اشْتَرُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ ، وَأَوْسِعُوا فِي فِكَاكِ رِقَابِكُمْ ، وَافْتَكُّوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - فَإِنِّي لَا أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا أُغْنِي " . فَبَكَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَقَالَتْ : أَيْ حِبِّي ، هَلْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ لَا تُغْنِي عَنَّا مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا ؟ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ ، فِي ثَلَاثِ مَوَاطِنَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى - : ( وَنَضَعُ الْمَوَازِينَ الْقِسْطَ لِيَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ) فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ لَا أُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا ، وَعِنْدَ النُّورِ مَنْ شَاءَ أَتَمَّ اللَّهُ لَهُ نُورَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَكَنَّهُ فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ يَغُمُّهُ فِيهَا ، فَلَا أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا أُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا ، وَعِنْدَ الصِّرَاطِ مَنْ شَاءَ سَلَّمَهُ وَأَجَازَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ كَبْكَبَهُ فِي النَّارِ " . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : أَيْ حِبِّي ، قَدْ عَلِمْتُ الْمَوَازِينَ هِيَ الْكِفَّتَانِ فَيُوضَعُ فِي هَذِهِ فَتُرَجَّحُ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَتَخِفُّ الْأُخْرَى ، وَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا مَا النُّورُ وَمَا الظُّلْمَةُ ، فَمَا الصِّرَاطُ ؟ قَالَ : " طَرِيقٌ بَيْنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ يَجُوزُ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهَا وَهُوَ مِثْلُ حَدِّ الْمُوسَى ، وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ صَافَّةٌ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا يَخْطَفُونَهُمْ بِالْكَلَالِيبِ مِثْلَ شَوْكِ السَّعْدَانِ وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ : رَبِّ سَلِّمْ سَلِّمْ ، وَأَفْئِدَتُهُمْ هَوَاءٌ ، فَمَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ سَلَّمَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ كَبْكَبَهُ فِيهَا " . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْأَلْهَانِيُّ وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When this verse was revealed: (Allah Almighty says:) "And warn your nearest kinsmen", the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gathered Banu Hashim and seated them outside the door, and he gathered the women of his household and seated them inside the house. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned to them and said: "O Banu Hashim! Buy yourselves off from Hell, strive generously to free your necks, and ransom yourselves from Allah Almighty, for I possess nothing for you against Allah Almighty." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned to the people of his household and said: "O Aishah bint Abi Bakr! O Hafsah bint Umar! O Umm Salamah! O Fatimah bint Muhammad! O Umm al-Zubayr, paternal aunt of the Messenger of Allah! Buy yourselves off from Hell, strive generously to free your necks, and secure yourselves from Allah Almighty, for I possess nothing for you against Allah Almighty, nor can I avail you anything." Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) began to weep and said: O my beloved! Will there be such a day when nothing will avail us against Allah Almighty? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes! This will be in three places. Allah Almighty has said: "And We shall set up the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection." At that time I will not be able to avail you anything against Allah Almighty, and I will possess nothing on your behalf against Allah Almighty. The second is at the time of the light: whomever Allah Almighty wills, He will complete his light, and whomever He wills, He will cast his light into darknesses that will cover him; at that time I will possess nothing for you against Allah Almighty, nor will I be able to avail you anything against Allah Almighty. And at the Sirat (bridge): whomever Allah Almighty wills, He will let pass safely, and whomever He wills, He will throw into Hell. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: O my beloved! As for the Scales, I know that they will have two pans, and (good and bad deeds) will be placed in them, and one pan will become heavy and the other light; and we also know what the light is and what the darkness is; but what is this bridge? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is a path between Paradise and Hell over which people will pass, and it will be sharp like the edge of a razor. The angels will be standing in rows on its right and its left, and they will seize people with hooks, hooks like the thorns of the plant called sa'dan, and the people will be saying: O our Lord, grant safety! Grant safety! Their hearts will be in a state of terror. So whoever Allah Almighty wills will remain safe, and whoever Allah Almighty wills will fall into it.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Ali bin Yazid al-Alhani, who is matruk (abandoned).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Ali bin Yazid al-Alhani, who is matruk (abandoned).
