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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب المغازي والسير
Book of Military Expeditions and Biography
بَابُ ابْتِدَاءِ أَمْرِ الْأَنْصَارِ ، وَالْبَيْعَةِ عَلَى الْحَرْبِ
The beginning of the affair of the Ansar, and the pledge to fight
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 9881
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَةَ ، وَبَايَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : خَرَجْنَا فِي حُجَّاجِ قَوْمِنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَدْ صَلَّيْنَا ، فُقِّهْنَا مَعَنَا الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ كَبِيرُنَا وَسَيِّدُنَا ، فَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهْنَا لِسَفَرِنَا ، وَخَرَجْنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ ، قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ لَنَا : يَا هَؤُلَاءِ ، إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ - وَاللَّهِ - رَأْيًا ، وَإِنِّي - وَاللَّهِ - مَا أَدْرِي تُوَافِقُونِي عَلَيْهِ أَمْ لَا ؟ قُلْنَا لَهُ : وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ قَالَ : إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَنْ لَا أَدَعَ هَذِهِ الْبِنْيَةَ مِنِّي بِظَهْرٍ - يَعْنِي الْكَعْبَةَ - وَأَنْ أُصَلِّيَ إِلَيْهَا قَالَ : فَقُلْنَا : وَاللَّهِ مَا بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ نَبِيَّنَا - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يُصَلِّي إِلَّا إِلَى الشَّامِ ، وَمَا نُرِيدُ أَنْ نُخَالِفَهُ قَالَ : فَقُلْنَا : لَكِنَّا لَا نَفْعَلُ .
قَالَ : وَكُنَّا إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ صَلَّيْنَا إِلَى الشَّامِ ، وَصَلَّى إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ ، قَالَ أَخِي : وَقَدْ كُنَّا قَدْ عَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِ مَا صَنَعَ ، وَأَبَى إِلَّا الْإِقَامَةَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ قَالَ : يا ابْنَ أَخِي ، انْطَلِقْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حَتَّى أَسْأَلَهُ عَمَّا صَنَعْتُ فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا ، فَإِنَّهُ وَاللَّهِ قَدْ وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ لِمَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْ خِلَافِكُمْ إِيَّايَ فِيهِ .
قَالَ : فَخَرَجْنَا نَسْأَلُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَكُنَّا لَا نَعْرِفُهُ ، لَمْ نَرَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ ، فَلَقِيَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ، فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : هَلْ تَعْرِفَانِهِ ؟ قُلْنَا : لَا . قَالَ : فَهَلْ تَعْرِفَانِ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَمَّهُ ؟ قُلْنَا : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : وَقَدْ كُنَّا نَعْرِفُ الْعَبَّاسَ ، كَانَ لَا يَزَالُ يَقْدَمُ عَلَيْنَا تَاجِرًا قَالَ : فَادْخُلَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ الْجَالِسُ مَعَ الْعَبَّاسِ . قَالَ : فَدَخَلْنَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا الْعَبَّاسُ جَالِسٌ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَعَهُ جَالِسٌ ، فَسَلَّمْنَا ثُمَّ جَلَسْنَا إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِلْعَبَّاسِ : " هَلْ تَعْرِفُ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ ؟ " قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، هَذَا الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ ، وَهَذَا كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ . قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَنْسَى قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " الشَّاعِرُ ؟ " . قَالَ : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : فَقَالَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، إِنِّي خَرَجْتُ فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا ، وَقَدْ هَدَانِي اللَّهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ ، فَجَعَلْتُ لَا أَجْعَلُ هَذِهِ الْبِنْيَةَ مِنِّي بِظَهْرٍ ، فَصَلَّيْتُ إِلَيْهَا ، وَقَدْ خَالَفَنِي أَصْحَابِي فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ ، فَمَا تَرَى ، يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَقَدْ كُنْتَ عَلَى قِبْلَةٍ لَوْ صَبَرْتَ عَلَيْهَا " . قَالَ : فَرَجَعَ الْبَرَاءُ إِلَى قِبْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَصَلَّى مَعَنَا إِلَى الشَّامِ قَالَ : وَأَهْلُهُ يُصَلُّونَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ حَتَّى مَاتَ ، وَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ كَمَا قَالُوا : نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ .
قَالَ : وَخَرَجْنَا إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَوَاعَدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْعَقَبَةَ فِي أَوْسَطِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغْنَا مِنَ الْحَجِّ ، وَكَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي وَعَدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَمَعَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَرَامٍ أَبُو جَابِرٍ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَتِنَا ، وَكُنَّا نَكْتُمُ مِنْ قَوْمِنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَمْرَنَا فَكَلَّمْنَاهُ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ : يَا أَبَا جَابِرٍ إِنَّكَ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَتِنَا ، وَشَرِيفٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِنَا ، وَإِنَّا نَرْغَبُ بِكَ عَمَّا أَنْتَ فِيهِ أَنْ تَكُونَ حَصَبًا لِلنَّارِ غَدًا ، ثُمَّ دَعَوْتُهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ، وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمِيعَادِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَسْلَمَ وَشَهِدَ مَعَنَا الْعَقَبَةَ وَكَانَ نَقِيبًا .
قَالَ : فَنِمْنَا تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ مَعَ قَوْمِنَا فِي رِحَالِنَا حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَى ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ خَرَجْنَا مِنْ رِحَالِنَا لِمِيعَادِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - نَتَسَلَّلُ مُسْتَخْفِينَ تَسَلُّلَ الْقَطَا حَتَّى اجْتَمَعْنَا فِي الشِّعْبِ عِنْدَ الْعَقَبَةِ ، وَنَحْنُ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا مَعَهُمُ امْرَأَتَانِ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ : نَسِيبَةُ بِنْتُ كَعْبٍ أُمُّ عُمَارَةَ إِحْدَى نِسَاءِ بَنِي مَازِنِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ ، وَأَسْمَاءُ ابْنَةُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ إِحْدَى نِسَاءِ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ ، وَهِيَ أُمُّ مَنِيعٍ . فَاجْتَمَعْنَا بِالشِّعْبِ نَنْتَظِرُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حَتَّى جَاءَنَا وَمَعَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَمُّهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَى دِينِ قَوْمِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ أَمْرَ ابْنِ أَخِيهِ يَتَوَثَّقُ لَهُ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْنَا كَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَوَّلَ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْخَزْرَجِ - وَكَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ مِمَّا يُسَمُّونَ هَذَا الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْخَزْرَجَ أَوْسَهَا ، وَخَزْرَجَهَا - إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا مِنَّا حَيْثُ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ ، وَقَدْ مَنَعْنَاهُ مِنْ قَوْمِنَا مِمَّنْ هُوَ عَلَى مِثْلِ رَأْيِنَا فِيهِ ، وَهُوَ فِي عِزٍّ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ ، وَمَنْعَةٍ فِي بَلَدِهِ . قَالَ : فَقُلْنَا : قَدْ سَمِعْنَا مَا قُلْتَ ، فَتَكَلَّمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَخُذْ لِرَبِّكَ وَلِنَفْسِكَ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ .
فَتَكَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَتَلَا ، وَدَعَا إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَرَغَّبَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ، قَالَ : " أُبَايِعُكُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تَمْنَعُونِي مِمَّا تَمْنَعُونَ مِنْهُ نِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ " .
قَالَ : فَأَخَذَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ : نَعَمْ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ ، لِنَمْنَعَنَّكَ مِمَّا نَمْنَعُ مِنْهُ أَزْرَنَا ، فَبَايِعْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَنَحْنُ وَاللَّهِ أَهْلُ الْحُرُوبِ وَأَهْلُ الْحَلْقَةِ وَرِثْنَاهَا كَابِرًا عَنْ كَابِرٍ .
قَالَ : فَاعْتَرَضَ الْقَوْلَ - وَالْبَرَاءُ يُكَلِّمُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ حَلِيفُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الرِّجَالِ حِبَالًا ، وَإِنَّا قَاطِعُوهَا - وَهِيَ الْعُهُودُ - فَهَلْ عَسَيْتَ إِنْ نَحْنُ فَعَلْنَا ذَلِكَ ، وَأَظْهَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ وَتَدَعَنَا ؟ قَالَ : فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : " بَلِ الدَّمَ الدَّمَ ، وَالْهَدْمَ الْهَدْمَ أَنْتُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْكُمْ ، أُحَارِبُ مَنْ حَارَبْتُمْ ، وَأُسَالِمُ مَنْ سَالَمْتُمْ " .
وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " أَخْرِجُوا إِلَيَّ مِنْكُمْ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا مِنْكُمْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِمْ " .
فَأَخْرَجُوا مِنْهُمُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا مِنْهُمْ تِسْعَةٌ مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، وَثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْأَوْسِ .
وَأَمَّا مَعْبَدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ فَحَدَّثَنِي فِي حَدِيثُهُ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ : كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ ضَرَبَ عَلَى يَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ ، ثُمَّ تَبَايَعَ الْقَوْمُ ، فَلَمَّا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - صَرَخَ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْعَقَبَةِ بِأَنْفَذِ صَوْتٍ سَمِعْتُهُ : يَا أَهْلَ الْجَبَاجِبِ - وَالْجَبَاجِبُ : الْمَنَازِلُ - هَلْ لَكُمْ فِي مُذَمَّمٍ وَالصُّبَاةُ مَعَهُ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى حَرْبِكُمْ ؟ قَالَ عَلِيُّ يَعْنِي : ابْنَ إسْحَاقَ : مَا يَقُولُ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدٌ ؟ قَالَ : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " هَذَا أَزَبُّ الْعَقَبَةِ ، هَذَا ابْنُ أَزْيَبَ ، اسْمَعْ أَيْ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَأَفْرُغَنَّ لَكَ " . ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " ارْفَعُوا إِلَيَّ رِحَالَكُمْ " . قَالَ : فَقَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ نَضْلَةَ : وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَئِنْ شِئْتَ لَنَمِيلَنَّ عَلَى أَهْلِ مِنًى غَدًا بِأَسْيَافِنَا . قَالَ : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " لَمْ أُؤْمَرْ بِذَلِكَ " .
قَالَ : فَرَجَعْنَا فَنِمْنَا حَتَّى أَصْبَحْنَا ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا غَدَتْ عَلَيْنَا جُلَّةُ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى جَاءُونَا في مَنَازِلِنَا ، فَقَالُوا : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، إِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ جِئْتُمْ إِلَى صَاحِبِنَا هَذَا ; تَسْتَخْرِجُونَهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَيْدِينَا ، وَتُبَايِعُونَهُ عَلَى حَرْبِنَا ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ مَا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ أَحَدٌ أَبْغَضُ إِلَيْنَا أَنْ تَنْشَبَ الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِنْكُمْ . قَالَ : فَنَبْعَثُ مِنْ هُنَالِكَ مِنْ مُشْرِكِي قَوْمِنَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَهُمْ بِاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ هَذَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ ، وَمَا عَلِمْنَاهُ ، وَقَدْ صَدَقُوا لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا مَا كَانَ مِنَّا .
قَالَ : فَبَعْضُنَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَعْضٍ . قَالَ : وَقَامَ الْقَوْمُ ، وَفِيهِمُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، وَعَلَيْهِ نَعْلَانِ جَدِيدَانِ قَالَ : فَقُلْتُ كَلِمَةً كَأَنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُشْرِكُ الْقَوْمَ بِهَا فِيمَا قَالُوا : مَا تَسْتَطِيعُ يَا أَبَا جَابِرٍ وَأَنْتَ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَاتِنَا أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ نَعْلَيْنِ مِثْلَ نَعْلَيْ هَذَا الْفَتَى مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ؟ قَالَ : فَسَمِعَهَا الْحَارِثُ فَخَلَعَهُمَا ، ثُمَّ رَمَى بِهِمَا إِلَيَّ ، قَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَتَنْتَعِلَنَّهُمَا ، قَالَ : يَقُولُ أَبُو جَابِرٍ : أَحْفَظْتَ - وَاللَّهِ - الْفَتَى ارْدُدْ عَلَيْهِ نَعْلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَقُلْتُ : وَاللَّهِ لَا أَرُدُّهُمَا ، قَالَ : وَوَاللَّهِ صَالِحٌ ، لَئِنْ صَدَقَ الْفَأْلُ لَأَسْلُبَنَّهُ .
فَهَذَا حَدِيثُ ابْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنِ الْعَقَبَةِ ، وَمَا حَضَرَ مِنْهَا . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِنَحْوِهِ ، وَرِجَالُ أَحْمَدَ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ غَيْرَ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَقَدْ صَرَّحَ بِالسَّمَاعِ .
وَقَالَ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ : فَخَرَجْنَا نَسْأَلُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَقِيَنَا رَجُلٌ بِالْأَبْطَحِ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ : تَدُلُّنَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ؟ قَالَ : فَهَلْ تَعْرِفَانِهِ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمَاهُ ؟ وَقَالَ أَيْضًا : وَتَكَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَتَلَا الْقُرْآنَ ، وَرَغَّبَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ; فَأَجَبْنَاهُ بِالْإِيمَانِ بِهِ وَالتَّصْدِيقِ لَهُ .
وَقَالَ أَيْضًا : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " أَخْرِجُوا مِنْكُمُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا " . فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ فَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ : أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ : الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَرَامٍ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ : سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ ، وَالْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو .
وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي زُرَيْقٍ : رَافِعُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْعَجْلَانِ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ : عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي عَوْفِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ : عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ .
وَنَقِيبُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ : أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ ، وَأَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التِّيهَانِ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ : سَعْدُ بْنُ خَيْثَمَةَ .
قَالَ : وَكُنَّا إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ صَلَّيْنَا إِلَى الشَّامِ ، وَصَلَّى إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ ، قَالَ أَخِي : وَقَدْ كُنَّا قَدْ عَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِ مَا صَنَعَ ، وَأَبَى إِلَّا الْإِقَامَةَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ قَالَ : يا ابْنَ أَخِي ، انْطَلِقْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حَتَّى أَسْأَلَهُ عَمَّا صَنَعْتُ فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا ، فَإِنَّهُ وَاللَّهِ قَدْ وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ لِمَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْ خِلَافِكُمْ إِيَّايَ فِيهِ .
قَالَ : فَخَرَجْنَا نَسْأَلُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَكُنَّا لَا نَعْرِفُهُ ، لَمْ نَرَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ ، فَلَقِيَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ، فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : هَلْ تَعْرِفَانِهِ ؟ قُلْنَا : لَا . قَالَ : فَهَلْ تَعْرِفَانِ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَمَّهُ ؟ قُلْنَا : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : وَقَدْ كُنَّا نَعْرِفُ الْعَبَّاسَ ، كَانَ لَا يَزَالُ يَقْدَمُ عَلَيْنَا تَاجِرًا قَالَ : فَادْخُلَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ الْجَالِسُ مَعَ الْعَبَّاسِ . قَالَ : فَدَخَلْنَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا الْعَبَّاسُ جَالِسٌ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَعَهُ جَالِسٌ ، فَسَلَّمْنَا ثُمَّ جَلَسْنَا إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِلْعَبَّاسِ : " هَلْ تَعْرِفُ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ ؟ " قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، هَذَا الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ ، وَهَذَا كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ . قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَنْسَى قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " الشَّاعِرُ ؟ " . قَالَ : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : فَقَالَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، إِنِّي خَرَجْتُ فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا ، وَقَدْ هَدَانِي اللَّهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ ، فَجَعَلْتُ لَا أَجْعَلُ هَذِهِ الْبِنْيَةَ مِنِّي بِظَهْرٍ ، فَصَلَّيْتُ إِلَيْهَا ، وَقَدْ خَالَفَنِي أَصْحَابِي فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ ، فَمَا تَرَى ، يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَقَدْ كُنْتَ عَلَى قِبْلَةٍ لَوْ صَبَرْتَ عَلَيْهَا " . قَالَ : فَرَجَعَ الْبَرَاءُ إِلَى قِبْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَصَلَّى مَعَنَا إِلَى الشَّامِ قَالَ : وَأَهْلُهُ يُصَلُّونَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ حَتَّى مَاتَ ، وَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ كَمَا قَالُوا : نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ .
قَالَ : وَخَرَجْنَا إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَوَاعَدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْعَقَبَةَ فِي أَوْسَطِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغْنَا مِنَ الْحَجِّ ، وَكَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي وَعَدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَمَعَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَرَامٍ أَبُو جَابِرٍ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَتِنَا ، وَكُنَّا نَكْتُمُ مِنْ قَوْمِنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَمْرَنَا فَكَلَّمْنَاهُ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ : يَا أَبَا جَابِرٍ إِنَّكَ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَتِنَا ، وَشَرِيفٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِنَا ، وَإِنَّا نَرْغَبُ بِكَ عَمَّا أَنْتَ فِيهِ أَنْ تَكُونَ حَصَبًا لِلنَّارِ غَدًا ، ثُمَّ دَعَوْتُهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ، وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمِيعَادِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَسْلَمَ وَشَهِدَ مَعَنَا الْعَقَبَةَ وَكَانَ نَقِيبًا .
قَالَ : فَنِمْنَا تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ مَعَ قَوْمِنَا فِي رِحَالِنَا حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَى ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ خَرَجْنَا مِنْ رِحَالِنَا لِمِيعَادِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - نَتَسَلَّلُ مُسْتَخْفِينَ تَسَلُّلَ الْقَطَا حَتَّى اجْتَمَعْنَا فِي الشِّعْبِ عِنْدَ الْعَقَبَةِ ، وَنَحْنُ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا مَعَهُمُ امْرَأَتَانِ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ : نَسِيبَةُ بِنْتُ كَعْبٍ أُمُّ عُمَارَةَ إِحْدَى نِسَاءِ بَنِي مَازِنِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ ، وَأَسْمَاءُ ابْنَةُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ إِحْدَى نِسَاءِ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ ، وَهِيَ أُمُّ مَنِيعٍ . فَاجْتَمَعْنَا بِالشِّعْبِ نَنْتَظِرُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حَتَّى جَاءَنَا وَمَعَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَمُّهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَى دِينِ قَوْمِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ أَمْرَ ابْنِ أَخِيهِ يَتَوَثَّقُ لَهُ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْنَا كَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَوَّلَ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْخَزْرَجِ - وَكَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ مِمَّا يُسَمُّونَ هَذَا الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْخَزْرَجَ أَوْسَهَا ، وَخَزْرَجَهَا - إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا مِنَّا حَيْثُ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ ، وَقَدْ مَنَعْنَاهُ مِنْ قَوْمِنَا مِمَّنْ هُوَ عَلَى مِثْلِ رَأْيِنَا فِيهِ ، وَهُوَ فِي عِزٍّ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ ، وَمَنْعَةٍ فِي بَلَدِهِ . قَالَ : فَقُلْنَا : قَدْ سَمِعْنَا مَا قُلْتَ ، فَتَكَلَّمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَخُذْ لِرَبِّكَ وَلِنَفْسِكَ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ .
فَتَكَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَتَلَا ، وَدَعَا إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَرَغَّبَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ، قَالَ : " أُبَايِعُكُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تَمْنَعُونِي مِمَّا تَمْنَعُونَ مِنْهُ نِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ " .
قَالَ : فَأَخَذَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ : نَعَمْ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ ، لِنَمْنَعَنَّكَ مِمَّا نَمْنَعُ مِنْهُ أَزْرَنَا ، فَبَايِعْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَنَحْنُ وَاللَّهِ أَهْلُ الْحُرُوبِ وَأَهْلُ الْحَلْقَةِ وَرِثْنَاهَا كَابِرًا عَنْ كَابِرٍ .
قَالَ : فَاعْتَرَضَ الْقَوْلَ - وَالْبَرَاءُ يُكَلِّمُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ حَلِيفُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الرِّجَالِ حِبَالًا ، وَإِنَّا قَاطِعُوهَا - وَهِيَ الْعُهُودُ - فَهَلْ عَسَيْتَ إِنْ نَحْنُ فَعَلْنَا ذَلِكَ ، وَأَظْهَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ وَتَدَعَنَا ؟ قَالَ : فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : " بَلِ الدَّمَ الدَّمَ ، وَالْهَدْمَ الْهَدْمَ أَنْتُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْكُمْ ، أُحَارِبُ مَنْ حَارَبْتُمْ ، وَأُسَالِمُ مَنْ سَالَمْتُمْ " .
وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " أَخْرِجُوا إِلَيَّ مِنْكُمْ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا مِنْكُمْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِمْ " .
فَأَخْرَجُوا مِنْهُمُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا مِنْهُمْ تِسْعَةٌ مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، وَثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْأَوْسِ .
وَأَمَّا مَعْبَدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ فَحَدَّثَنِي فِي حَدِيثُهُ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ : كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ ضَرَبَ عَلَى يَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ ، ثُمَّ تَبَايَعَ الْقَوْمُ ، فَلَمَّا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - صَرَخَ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْعَقَبَةِ بِأَنْفَذِ صَوْتٍ سَمِعْتُهُ : يَا أَهْلَ الْجَبَاجِبِ - وَالْجَبَاجِبُ : الْمَنَازِلُ - هَلْ لَكُمْ فِي مُذَمَّمٍ وَالصُّبَاةُ مَعَهُ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى حَرْبِكُمْ ؟ قَالَ عَلِيُّ يَعْنِي : ابْنَ إسْحَاقَ : مَا يَقُولُ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدٌ ؟ قَالَ : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " هَذَا أَزَبُّ الْعَقَبَةِ ، هَذَا ابْنُ أَزْيَبَ ، اسْمَعْ أَيْ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَأَفْرُغَنَّ لَكَ " . ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " ارْفَعُوا إِلَيَّ رِحَالَكُمْ " . قَالَ : فَقَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ نَضْلَةَ : وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَئِنْ شِئْتَ لَنَمِيلَنَّ عَلَى أَهْلِ مِنًى غَدًا بِأَسْيَافِنَا . قَالَ : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " لَمْ أُؤْمَرْ بِذَلِكَ " .
قَالَ : فَرَجَعْنَا فَنِمْنَا حَتَّى أَصْبَحْنَا ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا غَدَتْ عَلَيْنَا جُلَّةُ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى جَاءُونَا في مَنَازِلِنَا ، فَقَالُوا : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، إِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ جِئْتُمْ إِلَى صَاحِبِنَا هَذَا ; تَسْتَخْرِجُونَهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَيْدِينَا ، وَتُبَايِعُونَهُ عَلَى حَرْبِنَا ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ مَا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ أَحَدٌ أَبْغَضُ إِلَيْنَا أَنْ تَنْشَبَ الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِنْكُمْ . قَالَ : فَنَبْعَثُ مِنْ هُنَالِكَ مِنْ مُشْرِكِي قَوْمِنَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَهُمْ بِاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ هَذَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ ، وَمَا عَلِمْنَاهُ ، وَقَدْ صَدَقُوا لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا مَا كَانَ مِنَّا .
قَالَ : فَبَعْضُنَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَعْضٍ . قَالَ : وَقَامَ الْقَوْمُ ، وَفِيهِمُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، وَعَلَيْهِ نَعْلَانِ جَدِيدَانِ قَالَ : فَقُلْتُ كَلِمَةً كَأَنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُشْرِكُ الْقَوْمَ بِهَا فِيمَا قَالُوا : مَا تَسْتَطِيعُ يَا أَبَا جَابِرٍ وَأَنْتَ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَاتِنَا أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ نَعْلَيْنِ مِثْلَ نَعْلَيْ هَذَا الْفَتَى مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ؟ قَالَ : فَسَمِعَهَا الْحَارِثُ فَخَلَعَهُمَا ، ثُمَّ رَمَى بِهِمَا إِلَيَّ ، قَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَتَنْتَعِلَنَّهُمَا ، قَالَ : يَقُولُ أَبُو جَابِرٍ : أَحْفَظْتَ - وَاللَّهِ - الْفَتَى ارْدُدْ عَلَيْهِ نَعْلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَقُلْتُ : وَاللَّهِ لَا أَرُدُّهُمَا ، قَالَ : وَوَاللَّهِ صَالِحٌ ، لَئِنْ صَدَقَ الْفَأْلُ لَأَسْلُبَنَّهُ .
فَهَذَا حَدِيثُ ابْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنِ الْعَقَبَةِ ، وَمَا حَضَرَ مِنْهَا . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِنَحْوِهِ ، وَرِجَالُ أَحْمَدَ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ غَيْرَ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَقَدْ صَرَّحَ بِالسَّمَاعِ .
وَقَالَ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ : فَخَرَجْنَا نَسْأَلُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَقِيَنَا رَجُلٌ بِالْأَبْطَحِ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ : تَدُلُّنَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ؟ قَالَ : فَهَلْ تَعْرِفَانِهِ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمَاهُ ؟ وَقَالَ أَيْضًا : وَتَكَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَتَلَا الْقُرْآنَ ، وَرَغَّبَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ; فَأَجَبْنَاهُ بِالْإِيمَانِ بِهِ وَالتَّصْدِيقِ لَهُ .
وَقَالَ أَيْضًا : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " أَخْرِجُوا مِنْكُمُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا " . فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ فَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ : أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ : الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَرَامٍ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ : سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ ، وَالْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو .
وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي زُرَيْقٍ : رَافِعُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْعَجْلَانِ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ : عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي عَوْفِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ : عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ .
وَنَقِيبُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ : أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ ، وَأَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التِّيهَانِ . وَكَانَ نَقِيبَ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ : سَعْدُ بْنُ خَيْثَمَةَ .
Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who was one of those who took part in the Pledge of al-Aqabah and who also gave the pledge of allegiance to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), narrates: We set out with the pilgrims of our people who were idolaters. We used to pray, and with us was Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Ma'rur (may Allah be pleased with him), who was our elder and our chief. When we set out on our journey and left Madinah, Sayyiduna al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) said to us: "O people! By Allah, I have an opinion, and by Allah, I do not know whether you will agree with me on it or not." They said: "What is it?" He said: "I think that I should not turn my back on this building, that is, the Ka'bah, and that I should pray facing it." We said: "By Allah, the information that has reached us is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prays facing Syria, and we would not want to act contrary to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)." Then we said: "We will not do that." The narrator says: When the time of prayer came, we would pray facing Syria and he would pray facing the Ka'bah, until we came to Makkah. My brother said: We even expressed our displeasure at his conduct, but he insisted on his view. When we came to Makkah, he said: "O my nephew! Come with me to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) so that I may ask him about what I have been doing during the journey. By Allah! Because of your opinion contrary to mine on this matter, there is some unease in my mind about it." The narrator says: We set out and began asking about the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). We did not recognize him, because we had not seen him before. A man from the people of Makkah met us, and we asked him about the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: "Do you two recognize him?" We said: "No!" He said: "Do you two recognize Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him), who is his uncle?" They replied: "Yes!" For we knew Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him); he used to come to us for trade. He said: "Enter the mosque (that is, near the Ka'bah); he is the man who will be sitting with Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)." The narrator says: We entered the mosque, and there Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) was sitting, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting with him. We greeted them with salam and then came and sat with him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): "O Abu al-Fadl! Do you know these two men?" He replied: "Yes! This is al-Bara bin Ma'rur, the chief of his people, and this is Ka'b bin Malik." Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says: By Allah! I have not forgotten (even today) the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); he said: "The one who is the poet?" He replied: "Yes!" Sayyiduna Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Ma'rur (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Prophet of Allah! I set out on this journey, and Allah Almighty had guided me to Islam, but I did not turn my back on this building (that is, the Ka'bah); I kept praying facing it. My companions opposed me in this, until unease arose in my mind about it. O Messenger of Allah! What is your view about this?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The qiblah you were on before, if you had remained on it, that would have been better." The narrator says: So Sayyiduna al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) turned back to the qiblah of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and began praying with us facing Syria. His family continued to pray facing the Ka'bah until he passed away. It is not as people narrate it; we know more about him than those people do. The narrator narrates: We set out for Hajj, and we agreed with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that we would meet at al-Aqabah on the middle day of the days of Tashriq. When we had finished the Hajj and the night came which we had promised the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Haram (may Allah be pleased with him), the father of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), was with us; he was one of our chiefs. We were keeping our affair hidden from the idolaters of our people. We spoke with him and said to him: "O Abu Jabir! You are one of our chiefs and one of our nobles. Our wish for you is that, in the condition you are in, you do not become fuel for the Fire tomorrow." Then I invited him to Islam and told him about the arrangement made with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). So he accepted Islam, and he too took part with us in the Pledge of al-Aqabah, and he was a naqib (leader). The narrator says: That night we slept with our people at our lodging place, until, when a third of the night had passed, we came out of our lodging place, because a promise had been made with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). We came out quietly, slipping away secretly, just as the bird called "qata" slips along, until we gathered in the valley near al-Aqabah. We were seventy men, and with them were two women: Nusaybah bint Ka'b, Umm Umarah, who belonged to Banu Mazin bin al-Najjar, and Asma bint Amr bin Adi bin Thabit, who belonged to Banu Salimah, and she is Umm Mani'. We gathered in the valley and were waiting for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) until he came to us. That day his uncle, Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him), was with him; at that time he was on the religion of his people, but he liked to be present in the matter of his nephew so that he could make it firm. When we sat down, Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) began the conversation and said: "O people of Khazraj!" (At that time it was the custom of the Arabs to call this tribe of the Ansar by the name Khazraj, and it included both the Khazraj and the Aws.) He said: "Muhammad is from us, as you know, and we have kept him protected from our people, those people who hold the same view about him as ours, and he holds a prominent position among his people and a prominent position in his city." The narrator says: We said: "We have heard what you have said. O Messenger of Allah! Now you speak, and settle whatever you consider appropriate regarding your Lord and regarding yourself." So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began to speak; he began reciting, invited to Allah Almighty, encouraged towards Islam and said: "I take your pledge that you will protect me just as you protect your wives and children." The narrator says: Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Ma'rur (may Allah be pleased with him) took hold of his hand and said: "Yes! By the One who sent you with the truth, we will protect you just as we protect our households. O Messenger of Allah! Take our pledge. By Allah! We are a people of war and people of arms, and this has been passed down to us as an inheritance generation after generation." The narrator says: While Sayyiduna al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) was speaking with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu al-Haytham bin al-Tayyihan (may Allah be pleased with him), who was an ally of Banu Abd al-Ashhal, interrupted and said: "O Messenger of Allah! There are treaties between us and other people, and in that case they will come to an end. If we do this, it may also be that when Allah Almighty grants you victory, you will go back and leave us?" The narrator narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No! Rather, blood will be blood and destruction will be destruction; you will be from me and I will be from you; whomever you fight, I will fight, and with whomever you are at peace, I will be at peace." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bring me twelve leaders (nuqaba) from among yourselves who will be overseers of their people." So they chose twelve leaders from among themselves, nine of whom belonged to the Khazraj tribe and three to the Aws tribe. The narrator narrates: In the hadith which Ma'bad bin Ka'b narrated to me, which he narrated from his brother, from his father Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), he narrates: The first to give the pledge at the blessed hand of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Ma'rur (may Allah be pleased with him); then the people gave the pledge one after another. When we had given the pledge to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Satan called out in a loud voice from the top of the valley: "O people of the dwellings! Are you interested in the blameworthy one and the irreligious people with him, who have gathered to wage war against you?" Ali bin Ishaq says: The enemy of Allah did not call him (the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him) "Muhammad". The narrator narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "This is the Azabb (a devil) of al-Aqabah; this is Ibn Azyab. O enemy of Allah! Listen! By Allah! Now I shall soon be free to deal with you." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Get up and go back to your lodging places." Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Ubadah bin Nadlah (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "By the One who sent you with the truth, if you wish, tomorrow we will take our swords and attack all the people of Mina." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have not been commanded to do that." The narrator narrates: When we came back and slept, and morning came, the leading men of Quraysh came to us; they came to us at our lodging places and said: "O people of the Khazraj tribe! The information has reached us that you went to this companion of ours, that you want to take him away from among us, and that you have pledged to fight against us. By Allah, creating a situation of war with any of the Arabs would not be more hateful to us than that such a situation should arise between us and you." The narrator says: At that time we sent the idolaters of our people, and they swore by Allah before those people that there was nothing of the sort and that they knew nothing about it; and they spoke the truth, because they knew nothing about what we had done. The narrator says: They began looking at one another. Then those people stood up; among them was al-Harith bin Hisham bin al-Mughirah, who was wearing two new sandals. The narrator says: I said a word by which I wished to show myself as sharing in what my people had said; I said: "O Abu Jabir! Are you not able, being one of our chiefs, to wear two sandals like the two new sandals of this young man of Quraysh?" The narrator says: When al-Harith heard this, he took off the sandals and then threw them towards me and said: "By Allah! You will certainly wear them." Sayyiduna Abu Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah! You have angered the young man; return his sandals to him." I said: "By Allah! I will not return them." He said: "By Allah, if this omen proves true, I will strip him (of his belongings)." This is the hadith narrated by Ibn Malik concerning the Pledge of al-Aqabah and those who were present at it.
Ahmad recorded it, and al-Tabarani recorded something similar; the narrators of Ahmad are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Ibn Ishaq, and he has explicitly stated that he heard it directly. Al-Tabarani recorded these words in his narration: We set out in search of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and at a place called "al-Abtah" we met a man. We asked him: "Will you guide us to Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abd al-Muttalib?" He asked: "When you see him, will you recognize him?" This narration also contains these words: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spoke, recited the Noble Qur'an and encouraged towards Islam, and we accepted his call by believing in him and affirming him. This narration also contains these words: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Choose twelve leaders (nuqaba) from among yourselves." So they chose them. The leader of Banu al-Najjar was Sayyiduna As'ad bin Zurarah (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu Salimah were Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Ma'rur (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Haram (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu Sa'idah were Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna al-Mundhir bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him); the leader of Banu Zurayq was Sayyiduna Rafi' bin Malik bin al-Ajlan (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu al-Harith bin al-Khazraj were Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Sa'd bin al-Rabi' (may Allah be pleased with him); the leader of Banu Awf bin al-Khazraj was Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu Abd al-Ashhal were Sayyiduna Usayd bin Hudayr (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abu al-Haytham bin al-Tayyihan (may Allah be pleased with him); and the leader of Banu Amr bin Awf was Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Khaythamah (may Allah be pleased with him).
Ahmad recorded it, and al-Tabarani recorded something similar; the narrators of Ahmad are the narrators of the Sahih, except for Ibn Ishaq, and he has explicitly stated that he heard it directly. Al-Tabarani recorded these words in his narration: We set out in search of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and at a place called "al-Abtah" we met a man. We asked him: "Will you guide us to Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abd al-Muttalib?" He asked: "When you see him, will you recognize him?" This narration also contains these words: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spoke, recited the Noble Qur'an and encouraged towards Islam, and we accepted his call by believing in him and affirming him. This narration also contains these words: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Choose twelve leaders (nuqaba) from among yourselves." So they chose them. The leader of Banu al-Najjar was Sayyiduna As'ad bin Zurarah (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu Salimah were Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Ma'rur (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Haram (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu Sa'idah were Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna al-Mundhir bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him); the leader of Banu Zurayq was Sayyiduna Rafi' bin Malik bin al-Ajlan (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu al-Harith bin al-Khazraj were Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Sa'd bin al-Rabi' (may Allah be pleased with him); the leader of Banu Awf bin al-Khazraj was Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him); the leaders of Banu Abd al-Ashhal were Sayyiduna Usayd bin Hudayr (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abu al-Haytham bin al-Tayyihan (may Allah be pleased with him); and the leader of Banu Amr bin Awf was Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Khaythamah (may Allah be pleased with him).
