حَدَّثَنِي
عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا
عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا
الْمُثَنَّى ، عَنْ
أَبِي جَمْرَةَ ، عَنْ
ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : " لَمَّا بَلَغَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ مَبْعَثُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : لِأَخِيهِ ارْكَبْ إِلَى هَذَا الْوَادِي فَاعْلَمْ لِي عِلْمَ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ يَأْتِيهِ الْخَبَرُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ , وَاسْمَعْ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ ثُمَّ ائْتِنِي , فَانْطَلَقَ الْأَخُ حَتَّى قَدِمَهُ وَسَمِعَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ , ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى أَبِي ذَرٍّ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : رَأَيْتُهُ يَأْمُرُ بِمَكَارِمِ الْأَخْلَاقِ وَكَلَامًا مَا هُوَ بِالشِّعْرِ ، فَقَالَ : مَا شَفَيْتَنِي مِمَّا أَرَدْتُ فَتَزَوَّدَ وَحَمَلَ شَنَّةً لَهُ فِيهَا مَاءٌ حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ فَأَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ , فَالْتَمَسَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ بَعْضُ اللَّيْلِ , فَاضْطَجَعَ فَرَآهُ عَلِيٌّ فَعَرَفَ أَنَّهُ غَرِيبٌ , فَلَمَّا رَآهُ تَبِعَهُ فَلَمْ يَسْأَلْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ , ثُمَّ احْتَمَلَ قِرْبَتَهُ وَزَادَهُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَظَلَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ وَلَا يَرَاهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى أَمْسَى , فَعَادَ إِلَى مَضْجَعِهِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : أَمَا نَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ مَنْزِلَهُ , فَأَقَامَهُ فَذَهَبَ بِهِ مَعَهُ لَا يَسْأَلُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الثَّالِثِ , فَعَادَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ فَأَقَامَ مَعَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَلَا تُحَدِّثُنِي مَا الَّذِي أَقْدَمَكَ ، قَالَ : إِنْ أَعْطَيْتَنِي عَهْدًا وَمِيثَاقًا لَتُرْشِدَنِّي فَعَلْتُ , فَفَعَلَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّهُ حَقٌّ وَهُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ فَاتْبَعْنِي , فَإِنِّي إِنْ رَأَيْتُ شَيْئًا أَخَافُ عَلَيْكَ قُمْتُ كَأَنِّي أُرِيقُ الْمَاءَ , فَإِنْ مَضَيْتُ فَاتْبَعْنِي حَتَّى تَدْخُلَ مَدْخَلِي , فَفَعَلَ فَانْطَلَقَ يَقْفُوهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَدَخَلَ مَعَهُ فَسَمِعَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ وَأَسْلَمَ مَكَانَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " ارْجِعْ إِلَى قَوْمِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ أَمْرِي " ، قَالَ : وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأَصْرُخَنَّ بِهَا بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ , فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ فَنَادَى بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ : أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ , وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ , ثُمَّ قَامَ الْقَوْمُ فَضَرَبُوهُ حَتَّى أَضْجَعُوهُ , وَأَتَى الْعَبَّاسُ فَأَكَبَّ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : " وَيْلَكُمْ أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ غِفَارٍ وَأَنَّ طَرِيقَ تِجَارِكُمْ إِلَى الشَّأْمِ , فَأَنْقَذَهُ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ عَادَ مِنَ الْغَدِ لِمِثْلِهَا , فَضَرَبُوهُ وَثَارُوا إِلَيْهِ فَأَكَبَّ الْعَبَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ " .
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: When Abu Dhar received the news of the Advent of the Prophet he said to his brother, "Ride to this valley (of Mecca) and try to find out the truth about the person who claims to be a prophet who is informed of the news of Heaven. Listen to what he says and come back to me." So his brother set out and came to the Prophet and listened to some of his talk, and returned to Abu Dhar and said to him, "I have seen him enjoining virtuous behavior and saying something that is not poetry." Abu Dhar said, "You have not satisfied me as to what I wanted." He then took journey-food and carried a waterskin of his containing some water till he reached Mecca. He went to the Mosque and searched for the Prophet and though he did not know him, he hated to ask anybody about him till a part of the night had passed away, and he lay down. `Ali saw him and knew that he was a stranger. So when Abu Dhar saw `Ali, he followed him, and none of them asked his companion about anything till it was dawn. Then Abu Dhar took his waterskin and his journey-food to the Mosque and stayed there all that day without being seen by the Prophet, and when it was evening, he came back to his resting place. `Ali passed by him and said, "Has the man not known his dwelling place yet?" So `Ali made him get up and took him along with him, and none of them asked the other about anything. When it was the third day, `Ali did the same and Abu Dhar stayed with him. Then `Ali said, "Will you tell me what has brought you here?" Abu Dhar said, "If you give me a firm promise and covenant that you will guide me, then I will tell you." `Ali promised him, and he informed `Ali about the matter. `Ali said, "It is true, and he is the Apostle of Allah. Next morning, follow me, and if I see any danger for you, I will stop as if to pass water, and if I go on, follow me till you enter the place which I will enter." Abu Dhar did so, and followed `Ali till he entered the place of the Prophet, and Abu Dhar went in with him, listened to some of the Prophet's talk and embraced Islam on the spot. The Prophet said to him, "Go back to your people and inform them (about it) till you receive my order." Abu Dhar said, "By Him in Whose Hand my life is, I will proclaim it loudly amongst them (i.e. the pagans)." So he went out till he reached the Mosque and said as loudly as he could, "I testify that None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and that Muhammad is the Apostle of Allah." The people got up and beat him till they made him lie down. Al-`Abbas came and threw himself over him (to protect him) and said, "Woe to you! Don't you know that this man belongs to the tribe of Ghifar and that your trade route to Sham passes through their territory?" So he rescued him from them. The next day Abu Dhar did the same; they beat him and rushed at him, and again Al-`Abbas threw himself over him (to protect him).
حَدَّثَنَا
زَيْدٌ هُوَ ابْنُ أَخْزَمَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا
أَبُو قُتَيْبَةَ سَلْمُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنِي
مُثَنَّى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقَصِيرُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي
أَبُو جَمْرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ : لَنَا
ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِإِسْلَامِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ ، قَالَ : قُلْنَا : بَلَى ، قَالَ : قَالَ
أَبُو ذَرٍّ : كُنْتُ رَجُلًا مِنْ غِفَارٍ فَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَدْ خَرَجَ بِمَكَّةَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ ، فَقُلْتُ : لِأَخِي انْطَلِقْ إِلَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ كَلِّمْهُ وَأْتِنِي بِخَبَرِهِ فَانْطَلَقَ فَلَقِيَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ ، فَقُلْتُ : مَا عِنْدَكَ ؟ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا يَأْمُرُ بِالْخَيْرِ وَيَنْهَى عَنِ الشَّرِّ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : لَمْ تَشْفِنِي مِنَ الْخَبَرِ فَأَخَذْتُ جِرَابًا وَعَصًا ثُمَّ أَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَجَعَلْتُ لَا أَعْرِفُهُ وَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَ عَنْهُ وَأَشْرَبُ مِنْ مَاءِ زَمْزَمَ وَأَكُونُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ ، قَالَ : فَمَرَّ بِي عَلِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : كَأَنَّ الرَّجُلَ غَرِيبٌ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلِقْ إِلَى الْمَنْزِلِ ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَهُ لَا يَسْأَلُنِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ وَلَا أُخْبِرُهُ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ غَدَوْتُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ لِأَسْأَلَ عَنْهُ وَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يُخْبِرُنِي عَنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ ، قَالَ : فَمَرَّ بِي عَلِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : أَمَا نَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ يَعْرِفُ مَنْزِلَهُ بَعْدُ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : لَا ، قَالَ : انْطَلِقْ مَعِي ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ : مَا أَمْرُكَ وَمَا أَقْدَمَكَ هَذِهِ الْبَلْدَةَ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ : إِنْ كَتَمْتَ عَلَيَّ أَخْبَرْتُكَ ، قَالَ : فَإِنِّي أَفْعَلُ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ : بَلَغَنَا أَنَّهُ قَدْ خَرَجَ هَا هُنَا رَجُلٌ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَأَرْسَلْتُ أَخِي لِيُكَلِّمَهُ فَرَجَعَ وَلَمْ يَشْفِنِي مِنَ الْخَبَرِ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَلْقَاهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : أَمَا إِنَّكَ قَدْ رَشَدْتَ هَذَا وَجْهِي إِلَيْهِ فَاتَّبِعْنِي ادْخُلْ حَيْثُ أَدْخُلُ فَإِنِّي إِنْ رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَخَافُهُ عَلَيْكَ قُمْتُ إِلَى الْحَائِطِ كَأَنِّي أُصْلِحُ نَعْلِي وَامْضِ أَنْتَ فَمَضَى وَمَضَيْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ وَدَخَلْتُ مَعَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : اعْرِضْ عَلَيَّ الْإِسْلَامَ فَعَرَضَهُ فَأَسْلَمْتُ مَكَانِي ، فَقَالَ لِي : " يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ اكْتُمْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَارْجِعْ إِلَى بَلَدِكَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَكَ ظُهُورُنَا فَأَقْبِلْ ، فَقُلْتُ : وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَأَصْرُخَنَّ بِهَا بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ فَجَاءَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَقُرَيْشٌ فِيهِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ إِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ، فَقَالُوا : قُومُوا إِلَى هَذَا الصَّابِئِ فَقَامُوا فَضُرِبْتُ لِأَمُوتَ فَأَدْرَكَنِي الْعَبَّاسُ فَأَكَبَّ عَلَيَّ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَقَالَ : وَيْلَكُمْ تَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا مِنْ غِفَارَ وَمَتْجَرُكُمْ وَمَمَرُّكُمْ عَلَى غِفَارَ فَأَقْلَعُوا عَنِّي فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَصْبَحْتُ الْغَدَ رَجَعْتُ ، فَقُلْتُ : مِثْلَ مَا ، قُلْتُ : بِالْأَمْسِ ، فَقَالُوا : قُومُوا إِلَى هَذَا الصَّابِئِ فَصُنِعَ بِي مِثْلَ مَا صُنِعَ بِالْأَمْسِ وَأَدْرَكَنِي الْعَبَّاسُ فَأَكَبَّ عَلَيَّ ، وَقَالَ : مِثْلَ مَقَالَتِهِ بِالْأَمْسِ ، قَالَ : فَكَانَ هَذَا أَوَّلَ إِسْلَامِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ " .
Narrated Abu Jamra: Ibn `Abbas said to us, "Shall I tell you the story of Abu Dhar's conversion to Islam?" We said, "Yes." He said, "Abu Dhar said: I was a man from the tribe of Ghifar. We heard that a man had appeared in Mecca, claiming to be a Prophet. ! said to my brother, 'Go to that man and talk to him and bring me his news.' He set out, met him and returned. I asked him, 'What is the news with you?' He said, 'By Allah, I saw a man enjoining what is good and forbidding what is evil.' I said to him, 'You have not satisfied me with this little information.' So, I took a waterskin and a stick and proceeded towards Mecca. Neither did I know him (i.e. the Prophet ), nor did I like to ask anyone about him. I Kept on drinking Zam zam water and staying in the Mosque. Then `Ali passed by me and said, 'It seems you are a stranger?' I said, 'Yes.' He proceeded to his house and I accompanied him. Neither did he ask me anything, nor did I tell him anything. Next morning I went to the Mosque to ask about the Prophet but no-one told me anything about him. `Ali passed by me again and asked, 'Hasn't the man recognized his dwelling place yet' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Come along with me.' He asked me, 'What is your business? What has brought you to this town?' I said to him, 'If you keep my secret, I will tell you.' He said, 'I will do,' I said to him, 'We have heard that a person has appeared here, claiming to be a Prophet. I sent my brother to speak to him and when he returned, he did not bring a satisfactory report; so I thought of meeting him personally.' `Ali said (to Abu Dhar), 'You have reached your goal; I am going to him just now, so follow me, and wherever I enter, enter after me. If I should see someone who may cause you trouble, I will stand near a wall pretending to mend my shoes (as a warning), and you should go away then.' `Ali proceeded and I accompanied him till he entered a place, and I entered with him to the Prophet to whom I said, 'Present (the principles of) Islam to me.' When he did, I embraced Islam 'immediately. He said to me, 'O Abu Dhar! Keep your conversion as a secret and return to your town; and when you hear of our victory, return to us. ' I said, 'By H him Who has sent you with the Truth, I will announce my conversion to Islam publicly amongst them (i.e. the infidels),' Abu Dhar went to the Mosque, where some people from Quraish were present, and said, 'O folk of Quraish ! I testify that None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and I (also) testify that Muhammad is Allah's Slave and His Apostle.' (Hearing that) the Quraishi men said, 'Get at this Sabi (i.e. Muslim) !' They got up and beat me nearly to death. Al `Abbas saw me and threw himself over me to protect me. He then faced them and said, 'Woe to you! You want to kill a man from the tribe of Ghifar, although your trade and your communications are through the territory of Ghifar?' They therefore left me. The next morning I returned (to the Mosque) and said the same as I have said on the previous day. They again said, 'Get at this Sabi!' I was treated in the same way as on the previous day, and again Al-Abbas found me and threw himself over me to protect me and told them the same as he had said the day before.' So, that was the conversion of Abu Dhar (may Allah be Merciful to him) to Islam."
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The people of Quraysh used to travel to the land of al-Sham every year for trade and commerce, and on the way, between Makkah and Madinah, they would pass by the tribe of Ghifar.
Al-Abbas (radi Allahu anhu) warned them that if you kill him, the entire tribe of Ghifar will become enraged, and this will disrupt our trade and movement.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3522
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
The name of Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu was Jundub.
He was the fifth person to enter Islam.
His brother’s name was Anis, who accepted Islam together with Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu.
His story is narrated in relation to the tribe of Ghifar.
He accepted Islam after a long period following the proclamation of Prophethood.
He openly declared his Islam with great boldness, even though the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam had forbidden him from doing so.
Nevertheless, from the circumstances and indications, he understood that this command was not obligatory.
That is why the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, upon hearing his proclamation of the truth, remained silent and did not reproach him for it.
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Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu did not ask anyone about the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, because the Quraysh would harm anyone who intended to approach him, and they would beat them so that their religion would not spread. For this reason, they would not guide any inquirer, nor would they allow people to gather around the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. They would deceive and compel them to turn back.
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It should be noted that the people of Quraysh used to travel to the region of Syria twice a year for trade, and on the way, between Makkah and Madinah, the tribe of Ghifar resided.
Abbas radi Allahu anhu warned the Quraysh that if you kill him, the tribe of Ghifar will become enraged, then your trade will be affected and passing through there will also become difficult.
In this way, the Quraysh spared the life of Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu.
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Abu Dharr al-Ghifari radi Allahu anhu, while staying in Masjid al-Haram, survived for several days only on the water of Zamzam, and this blessed water sufficed him for both food and drink.
To highlight its importance, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established the chapter of the Story of Zamzam.
Indeed, surviving in this manner on Zamzam water is an important incident in the life of Abu Dharr al-Ghifari radi Allahu anhu.
Some narrations indicate that by drinking this water in such a way, he became quite healthy and robust.
Allah ta’ala has truly placed such an effect in this blessed water that by drinking it, there is no need for food.
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In the present era, the Saudi government has established a very extensive system for Zamzam, so that every pilgrim, whether man or woman, can easily drink fresh and cool Zamzam whenever they wish.
Now, even in the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah Tayyibah, there are coolers of cold and fresh Zamzam water.
Worshippers can drink water from their right or left whenever they wish.
Indeed, this is a great achievement of the Saudi government, for which no amount of supplication is sufficient.
May Allah ta’ala grant this government further stability and progress.
During our stay there, we also witnessed a time when Yemeni individuals would fill a small cup of Zamzam water for one riyal.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3522