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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الأيمان والنذور
Book of Oaths and Vows
باب الاسْتِشَنَاءِ فِي الْيَمِينِ وَالتَّوْرِيَّةِ وَالرَّجوع إلى النية
Chapter on Using Discretion in Oaths, Dissembling, and Referring to Intention
Al-Fath ar-Rabbani 5314 — on Using Discretion in Oaths, Dissembling
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ أَيُّوبُ لَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ فَاسْتَثْنَى فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ غَيْرَ حِنْثٍ أَوْ قَالَ غَيْرَ حَرَجٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever takes an oath but makes an exception along with it, then he has the choice; if he wishes, he may enforce his oath, and if he wishes, he may not fulfill the requirement of the oath. This will not break his oath, or he said: There is no harm in it.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … By exception is meant saying "in sha Allah" (if Allah, the Exalted, wills). These words clearly indicate that the one swearing the oath has not sworn a definitive oath; it is as if he wishes to say that if he is able to do this act, he will do it, otherwise it will be understood that Allah, the Exalted, did not will it, therefore this act could not be accomplished.
