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الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتاب السباب
Book of Insulting
بَابُ سِبَابِ الْمُسْلِمِ فُسُوقٌ
Chapter: Insulting a Muslim Is Wickedness
Al-Adab al-Mufrad 432 — Insulting a Muslim Is Wickedness
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَعْمَُرَ، أَنَّ أَبَا الأَسْوَدِ الدِّيلِيَّ حَدَّثَهُ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ”لَا يَرْمِي رَجُلٌ رَجُلاً بِالْفُسُوقِ، وَلَا يَرْمِيهِ بِالْكُفْرِ، إِلَّا ارْتَدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ، إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ صَاحِبُهُ كَذَلِكَ.“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: "When a man calls another man a disbeliever or a sinner, and he is not so, then this (statement) returns upon him (and he becomes as such)."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
There is no harm in calling a disbeliever (kafir) a disbeliever; however, one should avoid calling any Muslim a disbeliever (kafir) or a transgressor (fasiq), because there is a risk that the person himself may become such. However, if someone truly is as such, then that is another matter. Similarly, if someone does this to belittle or reproach another, he will also be sinful. Therefore, one should not be hasty in issuing such a verdict (fatwa) against a Muslim.
There is no harm in calling a disbeliever (kafir) a disbeliever; however, one should avoid calling any Muslim a disbeliever (kafir) or a transgressor (fasiq), because there is a risk that the person himself may become such. However, if someone truly is as such, then that is another matter. Similarly, if someone does this to belittle or reproach another, he will also be sinful. Therefore, one should not be hasty in issuing such a verdict (fatwa) against a Muslim.
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 432
