إن الحمد لله نحمده، ونستعينه، من يهده الله فلا مضل له، ومن يضلل فلا هادي له ، وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له، وأن محمدا عبده ورسوله . أما بعد:
باب الإسلام وبيان خصاله
Explanation of Islam and its virtues
قال الله تعالى: ﴿الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا﴾
Allah Almighty said: “This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion.”
وقال الله تعالى: ﴿ أَفَغَيْرَ دِينِ اللَّهِ يَبْغُونَ وَلَهُ أَسْلَمَ مَن فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا وَإِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ﴾
And Allah Almighty said: “So do they seek other than the religion of Allah while to Him submits whoever is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or by compulsion, and to Him they will be returned?”
Hadith: 1
«عن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سلوني فهابوه أن يسألوه، فجاء رجل فجلس عند ركبتيه فقال: يا رسول الله! ما الإسلام؟ قال: لا تشرك بالله شيئا وتقيم الصلوة وتؤتي الزكوة وتصوم رمضان قال صدقت، قال: يا رسول الله! ما الإيمان؟ قال: أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته وكتابه ولقائه ورسله وتؤمن بالبعث وتؤمن بالقدر كله قال: صدقت قال: يا رسول الله! ما الإحسان؟ قال: أن تخشى الله كأنك تراه فإنك إن لا تكن تراه فإنه يراك! قال: صدقت، قال: يا رسول الله! متى تقوم الساعة؟ قال: ما المسئول عنها بأعلم من السائل وسأحدثك عن أشراطها: إذا رأيت المرأة تلد ربها فذاك من أشراطها وإذا رأيت الحفاة العراة الصم البكم ملوك الأرض فذاك من أشراطها وإذا رأيت رعاء البهم يتطاولون فى البنيان فذاك من أشراطها فى خمس من الغيب لا يعلمهن إلا الله ثم قرأ: ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِندَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ ۖ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَّاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا ۖ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ﴾ until the end of the Surah»
قال: ثم قام الرجل، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ردوه على فالتمس فلم يجدوه، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: هذا جبريل عليه السلام أراد أن تعلموا إذا لم تسألوا.
Hazrat Abu Huraira رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Ask me. The Companions رضي الله عنهم felt shy to ask (due to his greatness and did not ask). Then a man came and sat near his knees, then said: O Messenger of Allah! What is Islam? He said: That you do not associate anyone with Allah, establish prayer, pay zakat, and fast in Ramadan. He said: You have spoken the truth. He asked: O Messenger of Allah! What is Iman (faith)? The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: That you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His meeting, and His messengers. And have certainty in resurrection after death and accept all kinds of divine decree. He said: You have spoken correctly. He said: O Messenger of Allah! What is Ihsan (excellence)? He said: That you fear Allah as if you see Him, for indeed, even if you do not see Him, He sees you (and the real thing is seeing the Master and Owner). He said: You have spoken rightly. He asked: O Messenger of Allah! When will the Hour be established? He said: The one who is asked about the Hour does not know more than the questioner, but I will tell you its signs: When you see the slave girl giving birth to her mistress, then this is one of its signs; and when you see barefoot, naked, deaf, and mute people ruling over the land, then this is also among its signs; and when you see shepherds of sheep competing in building tall structures, then this is also among its signs. The Hour is among five unseen things that no one knows except Allah. Then he recited the verse: The knowledge of the Hour is with Allah alone; He sends down the rain; He knows what is in the wombs; and no soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, nor does anyone know in which land it will die. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Aware.
Then the man got up and left, so the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Bring him back to me. He was searched for but was not found among the Companions رضي الله عنهم. Then the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: That was Jibril عليه السلام; he wanted you to learn (the religion) because you did not ask.
باب بيان الصلوة التى هي أحد أركان الإسلام
The description of the prayers which are a pillar of Islam
وقال الله تعالى: ﴿فَاصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا ۖ وَمِنْ آنَاءِ اللَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْ وَأَطْرَافَ النَّهَارِ لَعَلَّكَ تَرْضَىٰ﴾
Allah Almighty said: “So be patient over what the disbelievers say about you and exalt [Allah] with praise of your Lord before the rising of the sun and before its setting, and during periods of the night [also] exalt Him and at the ends of the day, that you may be satisfied.”
Hadith: 2
«وعن طلحة بن عبيد الله رضى الله عنه يقول: جاء رجل إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من أهل نجد ثائر الرأس نسمع دوي صوته ولا نفقه ما يقول حتى دنا من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فإذا هو يسأل عن الإسلام فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: خمس صلوات فى اليوم والليلة فقال: هل على غيرهن؟ قال: لا إلا أن تطوع وصيام شهر رمضان فقال: هل على غيره؟ فقال: لا إلا أن تطوع وذكر له رسول الله صلى الله عليه الزكوة فقال: هل على غيرها؟ قال: لا إلا أن تطوع قال: فأدبر الرجل وهو يقول: والله لا أزيد على هذا ولا أنقص منه فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أفلح إن صدق»
“And Hazrat Talha bin Ubaidullah رضي الله عنه narrates that a Najdi man came to the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم, whose hair was disheveled, his voice was buzzing and we could hear it but we could not understand what he was saying, until he came close to the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم and was asking about Islam. The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: There are five prayers during the day and night. He asked: Are there any other obligations upon me besides these? He said: No, except that you offer voluntary prayers and fast in the month of Ramadan. He asked: Are there any other fasts upon me besides these? He said: No, except that you fast voluntarily. The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم then informed him about zakat, and he asked: Is charity other than zakat obligatory upon me? He said: No. Yes, if you want to give voluntary charity, you may do so. The narrator says that the man went back saying: By Allah, I will neither add to it nor subtract from it. The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: He has succeeded if he is truthful.”
باب السؤال عن أركان الإسلام
Statement about asking regarding the Pillars of Islam
Hadith: 3
«وعن أنس بن مالك رضى الله عنه قال: نهينا أن نسأل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن شيء فكان يعجبنا أن يجيء الرجل من أهل البادية العاقل فيسأله ونحن نسمع فجاء رجل من أهل البادية فقال: يا محمد أتانا رسولك فزعم لنا أنك تزعم أن الله أرسلك؟ قال: صدق قال: فمن خلق السماء؟ قال: الله قال: فمن خلق الأرض؟ قال: الله قال: فمن نصب هذه الجبال وجعل فيها ما جعل؟ قال: الله قال: فبالذي خلق السماء وخلق الأرض ونصب هذه الجبال الله أرسلك؟ قال: نعم قال: وزعم رسولك أن علينا خمس صلوات فى يومنا وليلتنا قال: صدق قال: فبالذي أرسلك الله أمرك بهذا؟ قال: نعم قال: وزعم رسولك أن علينا زكوة فى أموالنا قال: صدق قال: فبالذي أرسلك الله أمرك بهذا؟ قال: نعم قال: وزعم رسولك أن علينا صوم شهر رمضان فى سنتنا قال: صدق قال: فبالذي أرسلك الله أمرك بهذا؟ قال: نعم قال: وزعم رسولك أن علينا حج البيت من استطاع إليه سبيلا قال: صدق قال: ثم ولي قال: والذي بعثك بالحق لا أزيد عليهن ولا أنقص منهن فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: لئن صدق ليدخلن الجنة»
“And Hazrat Anas bin Malik رضي الله عنه narrates that we were prohibited from asking the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم unnecessary questions, so we used to be pleased when a sensible Bedouin would come to you and ask questions and we would listen. Then a Bedouin came and said: O Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم)! Your messenger came to us and told us that you say Allah has made you a Messenger. You said: He spoke the truth. He asked: So who created the sky? You said: Allah did. He said: So who created the earth? You said: Allah did. He asked: Then who planted these mountains, and who placed what is in them? You صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Allah Almighty did. The Bedouin said, By the One who created the sky, made the earth, and fixed these mountains, did Allah Himself send you as a Messenger? You said: Yes. He asked: Your messenger said that we have five prayers in our days and nights. You صلى الله عليه وسلم said: He spoke correctly. He said: So by the One who sent you, did Allah Himself command you (that we should perform five prayers)? You said: Yes. He asked: Your messenger thinks that we have Zakat on our wealth? You said: He spoke the truth. The Bedouin said: So by the One who made you a Messenger, did Allah Himself command you this? You said: Yes. The Bedouin said: Your Prophet thinks that we have fasting in the month of Ramadan in our year. You said: He spoke correctly. He said: So by the One who sent you, is it true that Allah commanded you this? You said: Yes. The Bedouin said: Your messenger said that we have Hajj to the House of Allah for those who can reach it. You said: He spoke the truth. The Companion narrates that then he set off and while walking said: By the One who sent you with the truth, I will neither add to them nor diminish from them. Then the Noble Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: If he is truthful, then surely he will enter Paradise.”
Hadith: 4
«وعن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: بني الإسلام على خمس شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا عبده ورسوله وإقام الصلوة وإيتاء الزكوة وحج البيت وصوم رمضان.»
“And Abdullah bin Umar رضي الله عنهما narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Islam is built upon five things: bearing witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and indeed Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم is His servant and His Messenger, establishing prayer, paying zakat, performing Hajj to the House (Kaaba), and fasting in Ramadan.”
باب الدعاء إلى الشهادتين وشرائع الإسلام
Testimony of the Two Shahadahs (Oneness and Messengership) and Calling to the Commands of Islam
وقال الله تعالى: ﴿ وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ قَوْلًا مِّمَّن دَعَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا وَقَالَ إِنَّنِي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ﴾
Allah Almighty said: “And who is better in speech than one who invites to Allah, does righteousness, and says, ‘Indeed, I am of the Muslims.'”
Hadith: 5
«وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما أن معاذا رضى الله عنه قال: بعثني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: إنك تأتي قوما من أهل الكتاب فادعهم إلى شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأني رسول الله فإن هم أطاعوا لذلك فأعلمهم أن الله افترض عليهم خمس صلوات فى كل يوم وليلة فإن هم أطاعوا لذلك فأعلمهم أن الله افترض عليهم صدقة تؤخذ من أغنيائهم فترد فى فقرائهم فإن هم أطاعوا لذلك فإياك وكرائم أموالهم واتق دعوة المظلوم فإنه ليس بينها وبين الله حجاب»
“And Hazrat Mu’adh رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم sent me and said: You are going to some people of the People of the Book, so invite them to testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that I (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) am the Messenger of Allah. If they accept this, then inform them that Allah has prescribed upon them five prayers every day and night. If they accept this, then inform them that Allah has made charity (Zakat) obligatory upon them, which should be taken from their wealthy and given to their needy. Then when they accept this, avoid taking the best of their wealth (do not take the best wealth in Zakat) and beware of the supplication of the oppressed (curse), for there is no barrier between it and Allah.”
Hadith: 6
«وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: أمرت أن أقاتل الناس حتى يقولوا: لا إله إلا الله فمن قال: لا إله إلا الله عصم مني ماله ونفسه إلا بحقه وحسابه على الله»
“And Hazrat Abu Huraira رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: I have been commanded to continue fighting the people until they testify to لا إله إلا الله. Whoever says لا إله إلا الله, his wealth and life are safe from me, except that his (declaration) is true and Allah Almighty will hold him accountable.”
باب الدليل على صحة إسلام من حضره الموت ما لم يشرع فى النذع وهو العرغرة ونسب جواز الاستغفار للمشركين والدليل على أن من مات على الشرك فهو من أصحاب الجحيم ولا ينفعه من ذلك شيء من الوسائل
If the time of death has come but the soul has not yet been taken, it is correct for him to embrace Islam, and the permission to pray for forgiveness for the polytheists is revoked, and the evidence that whoever dies as a polytheist is a denizen of Hell and no means of salvation from Hellfire can be granted to him
قال الله تعالى: ﴿مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَن يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَىٰ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ ﴾
Allah Almighty said: “It was not fitting for the Prophet and the believers to pray for forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they were relatives, after it became clear that they are inhabitants of Hell.”
قال الله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّكَ لَا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَلَٰكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ﴾
And Allah Almighty said: “You cannot guide whom you love, but Allah guides whom He wills, and He knows well those who accept guidance.”
Hadith: 7
وعن سعيد بن المسيب عن أبيه قال: لما حضرت أبا طالب الوفاة جاءه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فوجد عنده أبا جهل وعبد الله بن أبى أمية بن المغيرة فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا عم قول: لا إله إلا الله كلمة أشهد لك بها عند الله فقال أبو جهل وعبد الله بن أبى أمية: يا أبا طالب أترغب عن ملة عبد المطلب؟ فلم يزل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يعرضها عليه ويعيد له تلك المقالة حتى قال أبو طالب آخر ما كلمهم: هو على ملة عبد المطلب وأبى أن يقول: لا إله إلا الله فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أما والله لأستغفرن لك ما لم أنه عنك فأنزل الله تبارك وتعالى: ﴿مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَن يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَىٰ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ﴾ And Allah the Exalted revealed concerning Abu Talib and said to the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم: ﴿إِنَّكَ لَا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَلَٰكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ﴾
“And Saeed bin Al-Musayyib, may Allah have mercy on him, narrated from his father that when the time of Abu Talib’s death approached, the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم came to him. Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah bin Mughirah were also present with Abu Talib. Then the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: O uncle! Say لا إله إلا الله once, so that I may bear witness to your faith before Allah. Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah said: O Abu Talib! Will you abandon the religion of your father Abdul Muttalib? The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم kept presenting the Kalima to him and repeating his words until the last thing Abu Talib said was that he remained steadfast on the religion of Abdul Muttalib and refused to say لا إله إلا الله. Then the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Yes, by Allah! I will continue to pray for your forgiveness from Allah until I am prevented from doing so. Upon this, Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: It is not permissible for the Prophet and the Muslims to pray for the forgiveness of the polytheists, even if they are their relatives, when it has become clear to them that they are destined for Hell.
And Allah the Exalted also revealed this verse concerning Abu Talib and addressed the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم: You cannot guide every person you love to the right path, but Allah guides whom He wills to the right path, and He knows well those who are rightly guided.
Hadith: 8
«وعن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه: أن نبي الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ومعاذ بن جبل رضى الله عنه رديفه على الرحل فقال: يا معاذا قال: لبيك يا رسول الله! وسعديك قال: يا معاذا قال: لبيك يا رسول الله! وسعديك قال: يا معاذا قال: لبيك يا رسول الله! وسعديك قال: ما من عبد يشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا عبده ورسوله إلا حرم الله عليه النار قال: يا رسول الله أفلا أخبر بها الناس فيستبشروا؟ قال: إذا يتكلوا فأخبر بها معاذ رضى الله عنه عند موته تأثما»
“And Hazrat Anas رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم called Hazrat Mu’adh رضي الله عنه while he was riding behind him on a saddle: O Mu’adh! He replied: لبيك يا رسول الله وسعديك. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم then said: O Mu’adh! He replied: لبيك يا رسول الله وسعديك. This happened three times, then he said: Whoever sincerely testifies that there is no deity except Allah and that Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم is His Messenger, then Allah has forbidden Hellfire for that person. Hazrat Mu’adh رضي الله عنه said: O Messenger of Allah! Should I not inform the people so that they all become happy? He said: Then they will rely on that and become complacent. Then Hazrat Mu’adh رضي الله عنه narrated this hadith at his last moments out of fear of the sin of concealing knowledge.”
باب الدليل على أن من رضي بالله ربا وبالإسلام دينا وبمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم رسولا فهو مؤمن وإن ارتكب المعاصي الكبائر
Whoever is satisfied and content with the divinity of Allah, the religion of Islam, and Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم as the Messenger, then he is a believer, even if he commits major sins.
Hadith: 9
«وعن العباس بن عبد المطلب رضى الله عنه أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: ذاق طعم الإيمان من رضي بالله ربا وبالإسلام دينا وبمحمد رسولا.»
“And Hazrat Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib رضي الله عنه narrates that he heard the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم say: He has tasted the sweetness of faith who is sincerely pleased with Allah as his Lord, Islam as his religion, and Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم as his Messenger.”
باب جامع أوصاف الإسلام
Description of the Comprehensive Characteristics of Islam
Allah the Exalted said: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا رَبُّنَا اللَّهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقَامُوا تَتَنَزَّلُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَلَّا تَخَافُوا وَلَا تَحْزَنُوا وَأَبْشِرُوا بِالْجَنَّةِ الَّتِي كُنتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ﴾
Allah the Exalted said: “Indeed, those who say, ‘Our Lord is Allah’ and then remain steadfast on that (belief in monotheism and righteous deeds), the angels descend upon them, saying, ‘Do not fear and do not grieve, and receive good tidings of Paradise which you were promised.'”
Hadith: 10
«وعن سفيان بن عبد الله الثقفي رضى الله عنه قال: قلت: يا رسول الله قل لي فى الإسلام قولا لا أسأل عنه أحدا بعدك وفي حديث أبى أسامة: غيرك قال: قل آمنت بالله ثم استقم.»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Sufyan bin Abdullah Thaqafi رضي الله عنه that I asked the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم: O Messenger of Allah! Tell me something about Islam that I may not have to ask anyone else about Islam after you (In Abu Usama’s narration, instead of بعدك, it is غيرك except you). He said: آمنت بالله (I believe in Allah) and remain steadfast on it or die upon it.”
باب بيان تفاضل الإسلام و أى أموره أفضل
The superiority of the rulings and characteristics of Islam over one another and the best deed among them
Hadith: 11
«وعن عبد الله بن عمرو رضي الله عنهما أن رجلا سأل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أى الإسلام خير؟ قال: تطعم الطعام وتقرأ السلام على من عرفت ومن لم تعرف»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr رضي الله عنهما that a man asked the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم: Which characteristic or virtue of Islam is the best? He said: Feeding people and greeting every Muslim, whether you know them or they are strangers.”
Hadith: 12
«وعن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنهما يقول: إن رجلا سأل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أى المسلمين خير؟ قال: من سلم المسلمون من لسانه ويده»
“And Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-As رضي الله عنهما narrates that a man asked the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم: Who is the best Muslim? He replied: The one from whose tongue and hand other Muslims are safe.”
Hadith: 13
«وعن أنس بن مالك رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا يؤمن أحدكم حتى أكون أحب إليه من ولده ووالده والناس أجمعين»
“And it is narrated from Anas bin Malik رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: None of you can be a believer until I am more beloved to him than his children, his parents, and all people.”
باب الدليل على أن من خصال الإيمان أن تحب لأخيه المسلم ما تحب لنفسه من الخير
Among the qualities of faith is that one likes for his Muslim brother what he likes for himself
Hadith: 14
«وعن أنس بن مالك رضى الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لا يؤمن أحدكم حتى يحب لأخيه أو قال لجاره ما يحب لنفسه»
“And Hazrat Anas bin Malik رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: By the One in Whose hand is my soul, no person can be a believer until he likes for his neighbor or, he said, for his brother what he likes for himself.”
باب بيان أنه لا يدخل الجنة إلا المؤمنون وأن محبة المؤمنين من الإيمان وأن إفشاء السلام سبب لحصولها
Only the believers will enter Paradise, and loving the believers is part of faith, and spreading the greeting of peace (As-Salamu Alaikum) widely is a cause of love.
Hadith: 15
«وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا تدخلون الجنة حتى تؤمنوا ولا تؤمنوا حتى تحابوا أولا أدلكم على شيء إذا فعلتموه تحاببتم؟ أفشوا السلام بينكم»
“And Abu Huraira رضي الله عنه narrated that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: You will not enter Paradise until you believe, and you will not be true believers until you love one another. Shall I not tell you something that if you do it, you will love one another? Spread abundant greetings of peace among yourselves.”
باب بيان أن الدين النصيحة
Religion is the name of goodwill and sincerity
Hadith: 16
«وعن تميم الداري رضى الله عنه أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: الدين النصيحة قلنا لمن؟ قال: لله ولكتابه ولرسوله ولأئمة المسلمين وعامتهم»
“And Tamim Dari رضي الله عنه narrated that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Religion is the name of goodwill. We asked: Whose goodwill? He said: Allah’s, His Book’s, His Messenger’s, the leaders of the Muslims, and the common Muslims.”
Hadith: 17
«وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: آية المنافق ثلاث وإن صام وصلى وزعم أنه مسلم»
“And Abu Huraira رضي الله عنه narrated that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: The signs of a hypocrite are three, even if he fasts, prays, and claims to be a Muslim.”
باب بيان حال إيمان من قال لأخيه المسلم يا كافر
The state of faith of the one who calls his Muslim brother, O disbeliever!
Hadith: 18
«وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إذا أكفر الرجل أخاه فقد باء بها أحدهما»
“And Abdullah bin Umar رضي الله عنهما narrated that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: When a man calls his brother a disbeliever, then one of the two is deserving of it.”
باب بيان حال إيمان من رغب عن أبيه وهو يعلم
The state of faith of the one who deliberately shows aversion to his father
Hadith: 19
«وعن أبى ذر رضى الله عنه أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: ليس من رجل ادعى لغير أبيه وهو يعلمه إلا كفر ومن ادعى ما ليس له فليس منا وليتبوأ مقعده من النار ومن دعا رجلا بالكفر أو قال: عدو الله وليس كذلك إلا حار عليه»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abu Dharr رضي الله عنه that he heard the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم say: Whoever knowingly claims to be the son of someone other than his father has committed disbelief, and whoever claims something that is not his is not one of us, and he should prepare his place in Hell, and whoever calls someone a disbeliever or an enemy of Allah while he is not so, then disbelief returns upon him.”
باب بيان قول النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: سباب المسلم فسوق وقاتله كفر
The Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم said: To insult a Muslim is wickedness, and to fight him is disbelief
Hadith: 20
«وعن عبد الله بن مسعود رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: سباب المسلم فسوق وقتاله كفر قال زبيد: فقلت لأبي وائل: أنت سمعت عبد الله يرويه عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم؟ قال: نعم»
“And it is narrated from Abdullah bin Masood رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: To insult a Muslim is an act of immorality (fisq) and to fight him is disbelief (kufr). Zubaid says: I asked Abu Wa’il: Have you heard this narration from Abdullah bin Masood رضي الله عنه from the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم? He said: Yes.”
باب بيان كفر من قال مطرنا بالنوء
The explanation of the disbelief of the person who attributes the cause of rain to the movement of stars
Hadith: 21
«وعن زيد بن خالد الجهني رضى الله عنه قال: صلى بنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم صلاة الصبح بالحديبية فى إثر سماء كانت من الليل، فلما انصرف أقبل على الناس فقال: هل تدرون ماذا قال ربكم؟ قالوا: الله ورسوله أعلم. قال: قال أصبح من عبادي مؤمن بي وكافر، فأما من قال: مطرنا بفضل الله ورحمته، فذلك مؤمن بي كافر بالكوكب، وأما من قال: مطرنا بنوء كذا وكذا، فذلك كافر بي مؤمن بالكوكب»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Zaid bin Khalid Jahni (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led the morning congregation at the place of Hudaybiyyah, while it had rained during the night. After turning to the people with Salam, he said: Do you know what your Lord has said? The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He (peace be upon him) said: Allah Almighty said: Among My servants, some have faith in Me in the morning, and some have disbelief with Me. Whoever said: The rain has come upon us due to the grace and mercy of Allah Almighty, then he has believed in Me and disbelieved in the stars. And whoever said: The rain has come upon us due to the setting and rising of such and such stars, then he has acted with disbelief towards Me and believed in the stars.”
باب الدليل على أن حب الأنصار وعلي رضي الله عنهم من الإيمان وعلاماته، وبغضهم من علامات النفاق
Chapter: The love for the Ansar and Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) is a part and sign of faith, and hatred and enmity towards them is a sign of hypocrisy
Hadith: 22
«وعن أنس رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: آية المنافق: بغض الأنصار، وآية المؤمن: حب الأنصار»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: The sign of a hypocrite is enmity towards the Ansar, and the sign of a believer is love for the Ansar.”
Hadith: 23
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: اجتنبوا السبع الموبقات. قيل: يا رسول الله وما هن؟ قال: الشرك بالله، والسحر، وقتل النفس التى حرم الله إلا بالحق، وأكل مال اليتيم، وأكل الربا، والتولي يوم الزحف، وقذف المحصنات الغافلات المؤمنات»
“And Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Avoid seven destructive things. It was asked, what are they? He said: Associating partners with Allah, magic, the unlawful killing of a soul which Allah has forbidden to kill, consuming the wealth of an orphan, usury, fleeing from the battlefield showing your back to the enemy, and accusing chaste, unaware believing women.”
Hadith: 24
«وعن جابر رضى الله عنه قال: أتى النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم رجل فقال: يا رسول الله ما الموجبتان؟ قال: من مات لا يشرك بالله شيئا دخل الجنة، ومن مات يشرك بالله شيئا دخل النار»
“And Hazrat Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that a man came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and asked: O Messenger of Allah! What are the two qualities that make Paradise obligatory? He said: Whoever dies without associating partners with Allah will enter Paradise, and whoever dies associating partners with Allah will enter Hell.”
باب: غلظة تحريم قتل الإنسان نفسه وأن من قتل نفسه بشيء عذب به فى النار وأنه لا يدخل الجنة إلا نفس مسلمة
Chapter: Emphasizing the prohibition of suicide; whoever kills himself with a tool (thing) will be punished by that means in the Fire, and only a Muslim person will enter Paradise
Hadith: 25
«وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من قتل نفسه بحديدة فحديدته فى يده يتوجأ بها فى بطنه فى نار جهنم خالدا مخلدا فيها أبدا، ومن شرب سما فقتل نفسه فهو يتحساه فى نار جهنم خالدا مخلدا فيها أبدا، ومن تردى من جبل فقتل نفسه فهو يتردى فى نار جهنم خالدا مخلدا فيها أبدا»
“And Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Whoever kills himself with iron (weapon), then the iron will be in his hand, and he will continuously stab himself in the stomach with it in the fire. Whoever drinks poison and kills himself will continuously drink it in the fire of Hell. And whoever kills himself by falling from a mountain will continuously fall from the mountain in the fire of Hell.”
باب الحث على المبادرة بالأعمال قبل تظاهر الفتن
Chapter: Encouragement to hasten towards righteous deeds before the emergence of trials
Hadith: 26
«وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: بادروا بالأعمال فتنا كقطع الليل المظلم، يصبح الرجل مؤمنا ويمسي كافرا، أو يمسي مؤمنا ويصبح كافرا، يبيع دينه بعرض من الدنيا»
“And Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Before these trials that will spread like dark patches of the night, do good deeds, for a person will be a Muslim in the morning and a disbeliever by the evening, or a believer in the evening and a disbeliever by the morning; he will sell his religion and faith for worldly possessions.”
باب هل يؤاخذ بأعمال الجاهلية
Chapter: Will the deeds of the Age of Ignorance be held accountable?
Hadith: 27
«وعن عبد الله رضى الله عنه قال: قال أناس لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا رسول الله أنؤاخذ بما عملنا فى الجاهلية؟ قال: أما من أحسن منكم فى الإسلام فلا يؤاخذ بها ومن أساء أخذ بعمله فى الجاهلية والإسلام.»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that some people asked, O Messenger of Allah! Will we be held accountable for our deeds during the Age of Ignorance? He said: Whoever did good deeds after embracing Islam will not be held accountable for his deeds during the Age of Ignorance, and whoever did bad deeds will be held accountable for both his deeds during the Age of Ignorance and Islam.”
باب كون الإسلام يهدم ما قبله وكذا الهجرة والحج
Chapter: Islam erases the sins committed before it, and similarly migration and Hajj do as well
Hadith: 28
وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما، أن ناسا من أهل الشرك قتلوا فأكثروا، وزنوا فأكثروا، ثم أتوا محمدا صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالوا: إن الذى تقول وتدعو لحسن، ولو تخبرنا أن لما عملنا كفارة، فنزل: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ ۚ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثَامًا﴾
And it was revealed: ﴿يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِمْ لَا تَقْنَطُوا مِن رَّحْمَةِ اللَّهِ﴾
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that some polytheists committed many murders and many acts of adultery during the period of ignorance, then they came to the presence of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and said: ‘What you say and the path you invite to is very good. If you tell us the expiation for the deeds we have done, we will believe.’ Then this verse was revealed: ‘Those who do not invoke any deity along with Allah and do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden except by right, and do not commit adultery – and whoever does this will receive the punishment.’
And it was revealed: ‘O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah.’
باب بيان حكم عمل الكافر إذا أسلم بعد
Chapter: The ruling on the previous deeds of a disbeliever after embracing Islam
Hadith: 29
«وعن حكيم بن حزام رضى الله عنه أخبره أنه قال لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أرأيت أمورا كنت أتحنث بها فى الجاهلية، هل لي فيها من شيء؟ فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أسلمت على ما أسلفت من خير»
“And Urwah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) told me that I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): Tell me about the deeds which I used to do in the time of ignorance to avoid sin, will I get any reward for them? The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Whatever good deeds you did before and then embraced Islam with them.”
باب وعيد من اقتطع حق مسلم بيمين فاجرة بالنار
Chapter: Whoever takes an oath falsely to usurp a Muslim’s right, for him is the threat of Hellfire
Hadith: 30
«وعن أبى أمامة رضى الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: من اقتطع حق امرئ مسلم بيمينه، فقد أوجب الله له النار، وحرم عليه الجنة، فقال له رجل: وإن كان شيئا يسيرا يا رسول الله؟ قال: وإن قضيب من أراك»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abu Umamah (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: Whoever suppresses the right of a Muslim by his oath, Allah has made Hellfire obligatory for him and forbidden Paradise for him. A person asked: Even if it is a small thing, O Messenger of Allah? He said: Even if it is a branch of a date palm.”
باب بيان أن الإسلام بدأ غريبا وسيعود غريبا ، وانه يارذ بين المسجدين
Chapter: That Islam began in a state of poverty and will eventually be confined between two mosques
Hadith: 31
«وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: بدأ الإسلام غريبا وسيعود كما بدأ غريبا فطوبى للغرباء»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: Islam began in a state of poverty (strangeness) and it will surely become strange again, so glad tidings for the strangers.”
باب الدليل على دخول طوائف من المسلمين الجنة بغير حساب ولا عذاب
Chapter: That a group of Muslims will enter Paradise without reckoning
Hadith: 32
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه، أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: يدخل الجنة من أمتي سبعون ألفا، زمرة واحدة منهم، على صورة القمر»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Seventy thousand people from my Ummah will enter Paradise, all in one group, with faces like the moon.”
باب كون هذه الأمة نصف أهل الجنة
Chapter: Half of the people of Paradise will be from this Ummah
Hadith: 33
«وعن عبد الله رضى الله عنه قال: قال لنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أما ترضون أن تكونوا ربع أهل الجنة؟ قال: فكبرنا. ثم قال: أما ترضون أن تكونوا ثلث أهل الجنة؟ قال: فكبرنا. ثم قال: إني لأرجو أن تكونوا شطر أهل الجنة، وسأخبركم عن ذلك، ما المسلمون فى الكفار إلا كشعرة بيضاء فى ثور أسود، أو كشعرة سوداء فى ثور أبيض»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to us: Are you pleased to be one-fourth of the people of Paradise? We said (joyfully) Allahu Akbar. Then he said: Are you not pleased to be one-third of the people of Paradise? We said Allahu Akbar. Then he said: I hope you will be half of the people of Paradise, and I will tell you the reason for this: The relationship of Muslims to disbelievers is like a black bull with a white hair or a white bull with a black hair.”
باب تحريم التحاسد والتباغض والتدابر
Chapter: That mutual envy, hatred, and neglect are not permissible
Hadith: 34
«وعن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه، أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لا تباغضوا ولا تحاسدوا ولا تدابروا، وكونوا عباد الله إخوانا، ولا يحل لمسلم أن يهجر أخاه فوق ثلاث»
“And Hazrat Anas bin Malik (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Do not hold grudges against one another, do not envy one another, and do not turn away from one another. Be servants of Allah and brothers to each other. It is not permissible for a Muslim to cut off relations with his brother for more than three days.”
باب تحريم خذل المسلم واحتقاره
The Prohibition of Disgracing and Belittling a Muslim
Hadith: 35
«وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن الله لا ينظر إلى صوركم وأموالكم، ولكن ينظر إلى قلوبكم وأعمالكم»
“And Hazrat Abu Huraira (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Allah does not look at your faces or your wealth and possessions, but He looks at your hearts and your deeds.”
باب تحريم الظلم
The Prohibition of Oppression
Hadith: 36
«وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما، أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: المسلم أخو المسلم، لا يظلمه ولا يسلمه، من كان فى حاجة أخيه، كان الله فى حاجته، ومن فرج عن مسلم كربة، فرج الله عنه بها كربة من كرب يوم القيامة، ومن ستر مسلما، ستره الله يوم القيامة»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim; he neither oppresses him nor forsakes him. Whoever fulfills the needs of his brother, Allah will fulfill his needs, and whoever relieves a Muslim from distress, Allah will relieve one of the hardships of the Day of Resurrection because of him. And whoever conceals the faults of a Muslim, Allah will conceal his faults on the Day of Resurrection.”
باب من حمل علينا السلاح
Chapter: Whoever takes up arms against us
Hadith: 37
«وعن أبى موسى رضى الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إذا مر أحدكم فى مسجدنا، أو فى سوقنا، ومعه نبل فليمسك على نصالها بكفه، أن يصيب أحدا من المسلمين منها بشيء، أو قال: ليقبض على نصالها»
And Hazrat Abu Musa (RA) narrates from the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) that he said: “When any of you passes through our mosques or our markets with an arrow, he should hold its tip with his palm so that no Muslim is harmed by it,” or he said: “He should hold the tip of the arrow.”
Hadith: 38
«وعن أبى موسى رضى الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: من حمل علينا السلاح فليس منا»
“And Hazrat Abu Musa (RA) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: Whoever raises arms against us is not one of us.”
باب: المرء مع من أحب
Chapter: Every person will be with whom he loves
Hadith: 39
«وعن أنس بن مالك رضى الله عنه قال: جاء رجل إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: يا رسول الله متى الساعة؟ قال: وما أعددت للساعة؟ قال: حب الله ورسوله، قال: فإنك مع من أحببت. قال أنس: فما فرحنا بعد الإسلام فرحا أشد من قول النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: فإنك مع من أحببت. قال أنس: فأنا أحب الله ورسوله، وأبا بكر وعمر رضي الله عنهما، فأرجو أن أكون معهم وإن لم أعمل بأعمالهم»
“And Hazrat Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates that a man came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and asked: O Messenger of Allah! When will the Day of Judgment come? He asked: And what have you prepared for it? He replied: The love of Allah and His Messenger. He said: Then you will be with those whom you love. Hazrat Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, says that after embracing Islam, nothing pleased us more than the Prophet’s saying, ‘You will be with those whom you love.’ Hazrat Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates that since I love Allah, His Messenger, and Abu Bakr and Umar, may Allah be pleased with them, I hope to be in their company, even though I could not perform deeds like theirs.”
باب الاعتصام بالكتاب والسنة
Firmly Holding on to the Book and Sunnah
Hadith: 40
«وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أبغض الناس إلى الله ثلاثة: ملحد فى الحرم، ومبتغ فى الإسلام سنة الجاهلية، ومطلب دم امرئ بغير حق ليهريق دمه»
“And it is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: The three people most disliked by Allah among all people are: one who commits a major sin in the sacred sanctuary, one who adopts the ways of ignorance in the religion of Islam, and one who strives to unjustly shed the blood of a person.”
وصلى الله تعالى على خير خلقه محمد وآله وصحبه أجمعين
