الْحَدِيثُ الرَّابِعُ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: { سَأَلْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَهَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ } وَزَادَ مُسْلِمٌ ” وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ ” .
Muhammad bin Abbad bin Ja’far narrates that he asked Sayyidna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him): Did the Prophet ﷺ forbid fasting on Friday? He said: Yes.
Muslim added: By the Lord of the Ka’bah! (The Prophet ﷺ forbade it).
(200) صحيح البخارى، كتاب الصوم، باب صوم يوم الجمعة ، ح: 198٤ ، 1985 – صحيح مسلم، كتاب الصيام، باب كراهة صيام يوم الجمعة منفرداً، ح: 1143، 1144 .
Explanation of the Hadith:
This means that a person should not fast only on Friday.
The reason for this disliking is specifically singling out Friday for honour apart from the other days. In this regard, the Prophet ﷺ said: لَا تَخُصُّوا لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةٍ بِقِيَامِ مِنْ بَيْنِ اللَّيَالِي ، وَلا تَخُصُوا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ بِصِيَامٍ مِنْ بَيْنِ الأَيَّامِ “Do not single out the night of Friday for prayer from among the nights, and do not single out the day of Friday for fasting from among the days.”
Similarly, in a marfu’ narration it is mentioned: إِنَّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَوْمُ عِيدِ ، فَلَا تَجْعَلُوْا يَوْمَ عِيْدِكُمْ يَوْمَ صِيَامِكُمْ ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَصُومُوا قَبْلَهُ اَوْ بَعْدَهُ . “Indeed, Friday is a day of Eid, so do not make your day of Eid a day of your fasting, unless you fast before it or after it (then it is fine).”
Mother of the Believers Sayyidah Juwayriyah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to her on a Friday while she was fasting. He asked: Did you fast yesterday? She replied: No. Then he asked: Do you intend to fast tomorrow? She said: No. He ﷺ said: Then break your fast.
From the above narrations it is known that fasting on Friday alone is not permissible; however, if a fast on Thursday or Saturday is also joined with it, then it is permissible.
Narrator of the Hadith:
Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) was a well-known Tabi’i. He was counted among the people of Hijaz and belonged to the tribe of Banu Makhzum. He heard from Sayyidna Abu Hurairah, Ibn Umar and Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them). He passed away during the time of Sayyidna Ibn Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him).
الْحَدِيثُ الْخَامِسُ: عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ { لَا يَصُومَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ ، إلَّا أَنْ يَصُومَ يَوْمًا قَبْلَهُ ، أَوْ يَوْمًا بَعْدَهُ } .
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: None of you should ever fast on Friday, unless he fasts a day before it or a day after it.
(201) صحيح البخاري ، كتاب الصوم، باب صوم يوم الجمعة . . . ، ح: 1985. صحيح مسلم ، كتاب الصيام ، باب كراهة صوم يوم الجمعة منفرداً ، ح: 1144 .
Explanation of Terms:
قبلَة أَو بَعدَهُ: meaning: fasting on the day of Thursday or Saturday.
Explanation of the Hadith:
This hadith also has the same meaning as the previous hadith. Ibn Abi Shaybah (may Allah have mercy on him) has narrated with a sahih chain from Sayyidna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ مُتَطَوّعًا مِنَ الشَّهْرِ فَلْيَصُمْ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ ، وَلَا يصم يوم ا مَ الْجُمُعَةِ ، فَإِنَّهُ يَوْمُ طَعَامٍ وَ شَرَابٍ وَذِكْرٍ . “Whoever among you wishes to observe a voluntary fast in the month should fast on Thursday, and he should not fast on Friday, for it is a day of food, drink and remembrance.”
