Prohibition of Fasting on the Days of Eid
❀ «عن ابي عبيد،قال:” شهدت العيد مع عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه، فقال: هذان يومان نهى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن صيامهما: يوم فطركم من صيامكم، واليوم الآخر تاكلون فيه من نسككم.»
Abu Ubaid says that I was present with Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) on the day of Eid, he said that on these two days the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbade fasting. One is the day on which you break your fasts (i.e., the day you stop fasting), and the other is the day on which you eat the meat of your sacrifice.“
Prohibition of Fasting on the Day of Arafah for the Pilgrim
❀ «عن عقبة بن عامر، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم:” يوم عرفة ويوم النحر وايام التشريق عيدنا اهل الإسلام وهى ايام اكل وشرب.»
Hazrat Uqbah bin Aamir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “The day of Arafah, the day of sacrifice, and the days of Tashreeq are the days of Eid for us Muslims, and these are the days for eating and drinking.”
Note: The day of Arafah is the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah, the day of sacrifice is the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah, and the days of Tashreeq are the 11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah.
It is forbidden for a pilgrim to fast on the day of Arafah, but for a non-pilgrim, fasting on this day is highly virtuous, as the hadith mentioned earlier indicates.
❀ «عن ام الفضل بنت الحارث رضي الله عنهما،” ان ناسا تماروا عندها يوم عرفة فى صوم النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال بعضهم: هو صائم، وقال بعضهم: ليس بصائم، فارسلت إليه بقدح لبن وهو واقف على بعيره فشربه.»
Hazrat Umm Fadl bint Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) says that people were doubtful about the fasting of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) on the day of Arafah. Some said that he was fasting, and others said that he was not fasting. So I sent a bowl of milk to him while he was mounted on his camel, and he drank it.
Prohibition of fasting during the days of Tashreeq
❀ «عن ابي مرة مولى ام هانئ، انه دخل مع عبد الله بن عمرو رضي الله عنهما على ابيه عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه فقرب إليهما طعاما، فقال:” كل. فقال: إني صائم. فقال عمرو: كل، فهذه الايام التى كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يامرنا بإفطارها وينهانا عن صيامها. قال مالك: وهى ايام التشريق.»
Abu Murrah narrates that he went with Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) to their father Hazrat Amr bin Al-As (may Allah be pleased with him), and he offered food to both of them and said: Eat. Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) said that I am fasting. Hazrat Amr bin Al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Eat, because during these days the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to command us not to fast and forbade fasting on these days. Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) says that these days were the days of Tashreeq.
❀ «عن عمرو بن سليم الزرقي، عن أمه، قالت: كنا بمني، فإذا صائح يصيح: ألا إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: لا تصوم، فإنها أيام أكل وشرب قالت: فرفعت أطناب الفسطاط، فإذا الصائح على بن أبى طالب رضي الله عنه .»
Amr bin Sulaym Zarqi narrates from his mother, who said: We were in Mina, and a caller was announcing that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said that you should never fast, because these are days of eating and drinking. She said that I lifted the tent rope and saw that the caller was Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).
Prohibition of Fasting on the Days of Tashreeq
❀ «عن عبد الله بن عمرو رضي الله عنهما، قال: اخبر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، اني اقول: والله لاصومن النهار، ولاقومن الليل ما عشت، فقلت له: قد قلته بابي انت وامي، قال: فإنك لا تستطيع ذلك،” فصم وافطر، وقم ونم، وصم من الشهر ثلاثة ايام، فإن الحسنة بعشر امثالها، وذلك مثل صيام الدهر”، قلت: إني اطيق افضل من ذلك، قال: فصم يوما وافطر يومين، قلت: إني اطيق افضل من ذلك، قال: فصم يوما وافطر يوما، فذلك صيام داود عليه السلام وهو افضل الصيام، فقلت: إني اطيق افضل من ذلك، فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا افضل من ذلك.»
Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that it was told to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about me that I say, “By Allah! As long as I live, I will fast during the day and stand in prayer at night.” I said to him, “May my parents be sacrificed for you, I have said this.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “You do not have the strength for that, so fast and also break your fast, and stand for worship at night and also sleep. And fast three days every month, for every good deed is rewarded tenfold, and this is equivalent to fasting for a lifetime.” I said, “I have the strength for more than that.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Fast one day and break your fast for two days.” I said, “I have the strength for more than that.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Fast one day and break your fast one day.” This is the fast of Dawud (peace be upon him), and it is superior to all other fasts. I said, “I have the strength for a better fast than this.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “There is no fast better than this.”
❀ «عن عبد الله بن عمرو رضي الله عنهما قال: قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم لا صام من صام الأبد مرتين . (في حديث طويل)»
Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates a long hadith, the last part of which is that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said twice: “Whoever fasts continuously has, in effect, not fasted at all.”
Prohibition of Continuous Fasting (Sawm Wisal)
❀ «عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما، قال: نهي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، عن الوصال قالوا: إنك تواصل، قال: إني لست مثلكم، إني أطعم وأسقى.»
Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbade continuous fasting (Sawm Wisal). People said, “But you fast continuously.” He (peace be upon him) replied: “I am not like you; I am given food.”
Note: Continuous fasting (Sawm Wisal) means fasting for two or more consecutive days without breaking the fast. That is, after fasting all day, one does not eat anything during the night and then begins fasting the next day.
❀ «عن ابي سعيد رضي الله عنه، انه سمع النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، يقول:” لا تواصلوا، فايكم إذا اراد ان يواصل فليواصل حتى السحر”، قالوا: فإنك تواصل يا رسول الله، قال: إني لست كهيئتكم إني ابيت لي مطعم يطعمني وساق يسقين.»
Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: “Do not fast continuous fasting (Sawm al-Wisal), and whoever among you wants to fast continuously, let him break his fast at dawn.” The people said: You fast continuously. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “I am not like you; I spend the night while someone feeds me and someone gives me to drink.”
Prohibition of fasting only on the day of Friday
❀ «عن محمد بن عباد بن جعفر، سالت جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهما، وهو يطوف بالبيت أنهي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن صيام يوم الجمعة؟ قال: نعم، ورب هذا البيت.»
Muhammad bin Abbad bin Jaafar says that he asked Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) while he was performing Tawaf of the Kaaba: Did the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbid fasting on Friday? He said: Yes, by the Lord of this House.
❀ «عن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه، قال: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، يقول: لا يصومن أحدكم يوم الجمعة، إلا يوما قبله أو بعده.»
Hazrat Abu Huraira (RA) says that I heard the Prophet (PBUH) say: “None of you should fast on Friday, unless he also fasts a day before or a day after it.”
❀ «عن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه، عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: لا تختصوا ليلة الجمعة بقيام من بين الليالي، ولا تختصوا يوم الجمعة بصيام من بين الأيام، إلا أن يكون فى صوم يومه أحدكم.»
Hazrat Abu Huraira (RA) says that the Prophet (PBUH) said: “Do not make the night of Friday exclusively for Tahajjud among all nights, nor make Friday exclusively for fasting among all days, except if Friday falls on a date on which he used to fast before.”
❀ «عن جويرية بنت الحارث رضي الله عنها، ان النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم دخل عليها يوم الجمعة وهى صائمة، فقال: اصمت امس؟ قالت: لا، قال: تريدين ان تصومي غدا؟ قالت: لا، قال: فافطري.»
Umm al-Mu’minin Hazrat Juwayriyah bint Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came to her on Friday while she was fasting. He asked, “Did you fast yesterday as well?” She said no. He asked, “Do you intend to fast tomorrow?” She said no. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, “Then break your fast.”
❀ «عن أبى الأوبر، قال: كنت قاعدا عند أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه، إذ جاءه رجل، فقال: إنك نهيت الناس عن صيام يوم الجمعة، قال: ما نهيت الناس أن يصوموا يوم الجمعة، ولكني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، يقول: لا تصوموا يوم الجمعة، فإنه يوم عيد، إلا أن تصلوه بايام.»
Abu Al-Awbar narrates that he was sitting with Hazrat Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) when a man came and said: “You have forbidden people from fasting on Friday?” Hazrat Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: “I did not forbid people from fasting on Friday on my own accord, rather I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: ‘Do not fast on Friday, for it is a day of Eid, unless you combine it with other days.'”
Prohibition of fasting only on Saturday
❀ «عن الصماء ابنة بسر رضي الله عنها، أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لا تصوموا يوم السبت، إلا فى ما افترض عليكم، وإن لم يجد أحدكم إلا لحاء عنبة، أو عود شجرة فليمضغه.»
Hazrat Sumayyah bint Basar (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: “Do not fast on Saturday except for the obligatory fasts, and if any of you finds only a grape skin or tree bark, then chew on that.”
Note: Fasting only on Saturday is disliked, but if one fasts before or after it, it is permissible. Imam Tirmidhi (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the dislike of fasting on Saturday is because the Jews honor this day, and fasting specifically on this day resembles them, hence it is prohibited in the hadith.
Prohibition of a woman fasting voluntary fasts without her husband’s permission
❀ «عن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه، عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم لا تصوم المرأه وبعلها شاهد إلا بإذنه.»
Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA) narrates that the Prophet (PBUH) said: “No woman should fast in the presence of her husband without his permission.”
❀ «عن أبى هري الله عنه، عن النبى صل الله عليه و قال: لا تصوم المرأه وزوجها شاهد يوما من غير شهر رمضان، إلا بإذنه .»
Narrated Abu Huraira رضي الله عنه that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “No woman should fast a day in Ramadan or any other day without the permission of her husband while he is present.”
