① Imam Sufyan bin Uyaynah, may Allah have mercy on him ﴿وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُفْتَرِيْنَ﴾
In the explanation of “We punish the liars in the same way,” he says:
كل صاحب بدعة ذليل .
“Every innovator is disgraced.”
② The command of Allah Almighty is:
وَلَا تَقُوْلُوْا لِمَا تَصِفُ الْسِنَتُكُمُ الْكَذِبَ هَذَا حَلْلٌ وَهذَا حَرَامٌ لِتَفْتَرُوْا عَلَى اللهِ الْكَذِبَ إِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ يَفْتَرُوْنَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ لَا يُفْلِحُونَ
“Do not make lawful or unlawful everything according to your own desire; that is a lie against Allah, and those who lie against Allah will not succeed.”
❀ Hafiz Ibn Kathir, may Allah have mercy on him
says:
يدخل فى هذا كل من ابتدع بدعة ليس له فيها مستند شرعي أو حلل شيئا مما حرم الله أو حرم شيئا مما أباح الله بمجرد رأيه وتشهيهه .
“The people who introduce innovations are the ones referred to in this verse; they have no legitimate proof and merely declare what Allah has forbidden as lawful and what He has made lawful as forbidden based on their own opinion and desires.”
③ The command of Allah Almighty is:
﴿هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ مِنْهُ آيَاتٌ مُحْكَمَاتٌ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَأُخَرُ مُتَشَابِهَاتٌ ۚ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مَا تَشَابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغَاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَابْتِغَاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ﴾
“It is He who has sent down to you the Book; some of its verses are precise in meaning—they are the foundation of the Book—and others are ambiguous. But those with deviant hearts follow the ambiguous verses seeking discord and seeking an interpretation that suits them.”
❀ Imam Tabari, may Allah have mercy on him
says:
هذه الآية وإن كانت نزلت فيمن ذكرنا أنها نزلت فيه من أهل الشرك، فإنه معنى بها كل مبتدع فى دين الله بدعة، فمال قلبه إليها ، تأويلا منه لبعض متشابه آي القرآن، ثم حاج به وجادل به أهل الحق، وعدل عن الواضح من أدلة آبه المحكمات إرادة منه بذلك اللبس على أهل الحق من المؤمنين، وطلبا لعلم تأويل ما تشابه عليه من ذلك كائنا من كان
“Although this verse was revealed concerning the polytheists, its meaning applies to every innovator who introduces innovations in Allah’s religion. Then, while interpreting some ambiguous verses of the Qur’an, his heart inclines towards that innovation, and he disputes with the people of truth, deviating from the clear truth found in the precise verses. His intention is to hide the truth from the believers and to seek an interpretation of the ambiguous verses, whatever it may be.”
④ The command of Allah Almighty is:
﴿أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوُا الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَىٰ فَمَا رَبِحَتْ تِجَارَتُهُمْ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ﴾
“They have exchanged guidance for error, but their trade did not profit them, for they were not guided.”
⑤ Allah Almighty’s command is:
وَقَدِمْنَا إِلَىٰ مَا عَمِلُوا مِنْ عَمَلٍ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ هَبَاءً مَنثُورًا
“We will examine their deeds and turn them into scattered dust.”
⑥ The command of Allah Almighty is:
فَلَا تَقْعُدُوا مَعَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَخُوضُوا فِي حَدِيثٍ غَيْرِهِ ۚ إِنَّكُمْ إِذًا مِثْلُهُمْ
“Do not sit with them until they engage in a different conversation; otherwise, you will be like them.”
❀ Allama Qurtubi, may Allah have mercy on him
says:
﴿إِنَّكُمْ إِذًا مِثْلُهُمْ﴾ فدل بهذا على وجوب اجتناب أصحاب المعاصي إذا ظهر منهم منكر، لأن من لم يجتنبهم فقد رضي فعلهم، والرضا بالكفر كفر .
“The words of ﴿إِنَّكُمْ إِذَا مِثْلُهُمْ﴾ indicate that when the people of sin are promoting sin, it is obligatory to avoid them. Whoever does not avoid them is pleased with their evil, and being pleased with disbelief is also disbelief.”
⑦ The command of Allah Almighty is:
﴿فَلَا تَقْعُدْ بَعْدَ الذِّكْرَىٰ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ﴾
“Withdraw from the wrongdoers when you remember.”
❀ Hafiz Ibn Kathir, may Allah have mercy on him
says:
ألا يجلس مع المكذبين الذين يحرفون آيات الله ويضعونها على غير مواضعها، فإن جلس أحد معهم ناسيا بعد التذكر ﴿مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ﴾.
“Do not sit with those who distort the Qur’anic verses or use them falsely to achieve their own ends. If you accidentally sit with them, then withdraw when you remember.”
❀ Imam Abu Bakr Ajuri, may Allah have mercy on him
says:
كل من عمل عملا أو تكلم بكلام لا يوافق كتاب الله عز وجل، ولا سنة رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وسنة الخلفاء الراشدين، وقول صحابته رضي الله عنهم فهو بدعة، وهو ضلالة ، وهو مردود على قائله أو فاعله
“Every statement and action that contradicts the Book of Allah, the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (may Allah be pleased with them), and the sayings of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) is an innovation, misguidance, and should be struck in the face of its proponent and doer.”
⑧ Sayyiduna Hudhayfah bin Yaman, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates:
كان الناس يسألون رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن الخير، وكنت أسأله عن الشر ، مخافة أن يدركني، فقلت : يا رسول الله، إنا كنا فى جاهلية وشر، فجاء نا الله بهذا الخير، فهل بعد هذا الخير من شر؟ قال : نعم، قلت : وهل بعد ذلك الشر من خير؟ قال : نعم، وفيه دخن، قلت : وما دخنه؟ قال : قوم يهدون بغير هديي تعرف منهم وتنكر، قلت : فهل بعد ذلك الخير من شر؟ قال : نعم، دعاة على أبواب جهنم، من أجابهم إليها قذفوه فيها، قلت : يا رسول الله صفهم لنا، قال : هم من جلدتنا، ويتكلمون بألسنتنا، قلت : فما تأمرني إن أدركني ذلك؟ قال : تلزم جماعة المسلمين وإمامهم، قلت : فإن لم يكن لهم جماعة ولا إمام؟ قال : فاعتزل تلك الفرق كلها، ولو أن تعص بأصل شجرة، حتى يدركك الموت وأنت على ذلك .
“People used to ask the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about good, and I used to ask about evil, fearing that I might fall into polytheism. I asked the Messenger of Allah, ‘O Messenger of Allah! We were in ignorance and evil, and Allah has granted us good. Will any evil come after the good?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ I asked, ‘Will any good come after that evil?’ He said, ‘Yes, but it will be weak.’ I asked, ‘What will be the weakness?’ He said, ‘Some people will follow my Sunnah and some of their sayings you will like and some you will dislike.’ I asked, ‘Will evil come after that?’ He said, ‘Yes, there will be those who call out at the gates of Hell, and whoever goes to them will be thrown into Hell.’ I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! Introduce them to us.’ He said, ‘They will be from our own tribe and will speak our language.’ I asked, ‘If I live to see that time, what should I do?’ He said, ‘Stay with the Muslim group and their leader.’ I asked, ‘If there is neither a group nor a leader?’ He said, ‘Keep away from all sects, even if you have to gnaw on the roots of trees and die there.'”
❀ Allama Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on him
says:
قال العلماء : هؤلاء من كان من الأمراء يدعو إلى بدعة أو ضلال آخر كالخوارج والقرامطة وأصحاب المحنة .
“Scholars say this refers to the leaders who call towards innovations and other misguidances, such as the Kharijites, Qaramita, and the people of trials (Mu’tazila).”
⑨ Sayyidah Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
من وقر صاحب بدعة فقد أعان على هدم الإسلام .
“Whoever honors an innovator has assisted in the destruction of Islam.”
⑩ Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
من أحدث حدثا أو آوى محدثا فعليه لعنة الله والملائكة والناس أجمعين ، لا يقبل منه صرف ولا عدل .
“Allah’s curse, the angels’ curse, and the curse of all mankind be upon the one who introduces an innovation or supports an innovator. None of his obligatory or voluntary acts of worship will be accepted.”
⑪ Sayyidah Asma bint Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with them both, narrates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
إني على الحوض حتى أنظر من يرد على منكم، وسيؤخذ ناس دوني، فأقول : يا رب مني ومن أمتي، فيقال : هل شعرت ما عملوا بعدك، والله ما برحوا يرجعون على أعقابهم، فكان ابن أبى مليكة، يقول : اللهم إنا نعوذ بك أن نرجع على أعقابنا، أو نفتن عن ديننا .
“I will wait for you at the Pond of Kawthar and see who comes to me. Some people will be kept away from me there. I will say, ‘My Lord! These are my own people, these are my followers.’ Then it will be said to me, ‘Are you aware of their deeds?’ By Allah! These people are addicted to misguidance until their death.” The narrator of the hadith, Ibn Abi Malika, may Allah have mercy on him, used to say: “O Allah! We seek refuge in You from being addicted to misguidance or being afflicted with trials concerning our religion.”
⑫ A companion narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
ألا وإني فرطكم على الحوض، وأكاثر بكم الأمم، فلا تسودوا وجهي، ألا وإني مستنقذ أناسا، ومستنقة مني أناس، فأقول : يا رب أصيحابي؟ فيقول : إنك لا تدري ما أحدثوا بعدك .
“Listen! I will be your predecessor at the Pond (Kawthar), and your multitude will be a cause of pride for me over other nations. Do not disgrace me (on the Day of Judgment). Listen! I will save some people and some will be taken away from me (and thrown into Hell). I will say, ‘O Allah! My companions?’ Allah will say, ‘You do not know what innovations they introduced after you.'”
Allama Basir, may Allah have mercy on him, said its chain is “authentic.”
Abdullah bin Mas’ud, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
أشد الناس عذابا يوم القيامة، رجل قتله نبي، أو قتل نبيا، وإمام ضلالة، وممكل من الممكلين .
“On the Day of Judgment, the greatest punishment will be for these four: one whom the Prophet kills, or who kills the Prophet, the third is the innovator, and the fourth is the image-maker.”
⑭ Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
يكون فى آخر الزمان دجالون كذابون، يأتونكم من الأحاديث بما لم تسمعوا أنتم، ولا آباؤكم، فإياكم وإياهم، لا يضلونكم، ولا يفتنونكم.
“In the last times, there will appear the Dajjal and liars who will say things that neither you nor your forefathers have heard. Beware, lest they mislead you and cause tribulation.”
﴿فَلا تَقْعُدْ بَعْدَ الذِّكْرَى﴾
