A Comprehensive Refutation of Christian Arguments from the Holy Quran: A Research and Comparative Study of 4 Fundamental Arguments

First Argument:

The Holy Quran has referred to Prophet Jesus as the Word of Allah at several places, while the Word of Allah is eternal and not a creation.
Answer:
This argument of the Christians is not new. When the Christians of Najran came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), they also said that you do not accept Prophet Jesus as the Word of Allah and the Spirit of Allah? The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied: We absolutely do accept. The Christians said that this statement is sufficient for us.
In response, Allah Almighty revealed this verse:

﴿هُوَ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ مِنْهُ آيَاتٌ مُّحْكَمَاتٌ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَأُخَرُ مُتَشَابِهَاتٌ ۖ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مَا تَشَابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغَاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَابْتِغَاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ ۗ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ۗ وَالرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَقُولُونَ آمَنَّا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ رَبِّنَا ۗ وَمَا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلَّا أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ﴾

It is He who has sent down to you the Book. In it are verses that are precise—they are the foundation of the Book—and others unspecific. As for those in whose hearts is deviation, they will follow that of it which is unspecific, seeking discord and seeking an interpretation [suitable to them]. And no one knows its [true] interpretation except Allah. But those firm in knowledge say, “We believe in it. All [of it] is from our Lord.” And no one will be reminded except those of understanding.

If a word is ambiguous and can have multiple meanings (interpretations), then to understand its true reference and original meaning, one must refer to this speech (the Quran) and the speaker (the explainer, i.e., Muhammad, peace be upon him). This principle is accepted by all people.
If Muslims, Christians, and followers of other religions keep this principle in mind, many issues will resolve themselves, but no one is ready to remove the blindfold of prejudice. The same situation exists here as well, so these two words should be understood according to Islamic sources (Quran and Hadith) and then consider whether this objection remains. See the details:
➊ Christians used Quranic words to argue that Prophet Jesus is a member of the Trinity (a person) and the Son of Allah, but if they had read their context, they would not have fallen into this error. Allah Almighty says:

﴿يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ وَلَا تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ ۚ إِنَّمَا الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِّنْهُ ۖ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ ۖ وَلَا تَقُولُوا ثَلَاثَةٌ ۚ انتَهُوا خَيْرًا لَّكُمْ ۚ إِنَّمَا اللَّهُ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ سُبْحَانَهُ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ ۘ لَّهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلًا . لَّن يَسْتَنكِفَ الْمَسِيحُ أَن يَكُونَ عَبْدًا لِّلَّهِ وَلَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ ۚ وَمَن يَسْتَنكِفْ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ وَيَسْتَكْبِرْ فَسَيَحْشُرُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ جَمِيعًا. فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَيُوَفِّيهِمْ أُجُورَهُمْ وَيَزِيدُهُم مِّن فَضْلِهِ ۖ وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ اسْتَنكَفُوا وَاسْتَكْبَرُوا فَيُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا وَلَا يَجِدُونَ لَهُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِيًّا وَلَا نَصِيرًا .﴾

O People of the Scripture, do not commit excess in your religion or say about Allah except the truth. The Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, was but a messenger of Allah and His word which He directed to Mary and a soul [created at a command] from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers. And do not say, “Three”; desist—it is better for you. Indeed, Allah is but one God. Exalted is He above having a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs. Never would the Messiah disdain to be a servant of Allah, nor would the angels near to Him. And whoever disdains His worship and is arrogant—He will gather them to Himself all together. And as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, He will give them in full their rewards and grant them extra from His bounty. But as for those who disdained and were arrogant, He will punish them with a painful punishment, and they will not find for themselves besides Allah any protector or helper.

◈ Kalimah Allah:

Regarding the word “Messiah” as mentioned in the Quran, two meanings can be derived, both of which are not beneficial to Christians.

First: A word of Allah that was created (born) and is not an eternal attribute of Allah. The evidence for this is the following verses:

﴿إِذْ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكِ بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنْهُ اسْمُهُ الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَجِيهًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ وَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ۔ وَيُكَلِّمُ النَّاسَ فِي الْمَهْدِ وَكَهْلًا وَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ ۔ قَالَتْ رَبِّ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لِي وَلَدٌ وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ ۖ قَالَ كَذَٰلِكِ اللَّهُ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ ۚ إِذَا قَضَىٰ أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ۔﴾

And when the angels said: O Mary! Indeed, Allah gives you good tidings of a word from Him, whose name will be the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, honored in this world and the Hereafter and among those brought near [to Allah]. He will speak to the people in the cradle and in maturity and will be of the righteous. She said, “My Lord, how will I have a child when no man has touched me?” He said, “Such is Allah; He creates what He wills. When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, ‘Be,’ and it is.”

Here the word يخلق ما يشاء has come, which is clear evidence that this word of Allah is created, whereas the Christian belief is that the attribute of Allah, speech, became incarnate in the form of the Messiah (peace be upon him) and came into the world. So how can a created thing be an eternal attribute of Allah?

The word of Allah is exactly like the miracle of the she-camel given to Prophet Salih (peace be upon him), which was called “Naqat Allah” (the she-camel of Allah). Similarly, the Kaaba located in Masjid al-Haram is called “Bayt Allah” (House of Allah). This does not mean that these things are parts or portions of Allah, rather they are all created. However, due to their honor, dignity, and virtue, their relation is attributed to Allah. This is called “Honorific Annexation.” For further confirmation, see the Bible, for example:

The mountain on which Prophet Abraham (peace be upon him) brought his only son for sacrifice is called “The Mountain of the Lord” in the Bible.

The Ark of the Covenant is called “The Ark of God.”

The temple is called the house of the Lord of Hosts.

It is also called the sanctuary of God.

Do Christians consider mountains, the ark, the temple, etc., to be eternal?

Second: The word of Allah refers to the word كن, which was the cause of the creation of Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him). The famous exegete Sheikh Muhammad Amin Shinqiti (may Allah have mercy on him) writes in the interpretation of the above verse:

لم يبين هنا هذه الكلمة التى أطلقت على عيسى لأنها هي السبب فى وجوده من إطلاق السبب وإرادة مسببه، ولكنه بين فى موضع آخر أنها لفظة كن، وذلك فى قوله: ﴿إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَىٰ عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ ۖ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ﴾

Here the explanation of the word that was spoken for the creation of Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) is not given. But elsewhere the explicit word “Kun” (Be) is mentioned, which is in this verse: ﴿إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَىٰ عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ ۖ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ﴾

The example of Jesus with Allah is like that of Adam; He created him from dust and said to him, “Be,” and he was.

Here the word “Kun,” which was the cause of Jesus’ creation, is understood as the cause (Allah’s will) by speaking.

Imam Ghazali (may Allah have mercy on him) also said the same.

This is confirmed by the following verse of the Holy Quran:

﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكِ بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنْهُ اسْمُهُ الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ﴾

“Indeed, Allah gives you good tidings of a word from Him, whose name will be the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary.”

That is, a word from Allah, not His eternal attribute.

An example from the Bible is:
The heavens were made by the word of the Lord, and all their host by the breath of His mouth.

So, did the heavens become a part of God? Specifically, regarding the Messiah (peace be upon him), it is said that Angel Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to Lady Mary (peace be upon her) with the news of his birth, and after the entire conversation, he said: “Because the word from God will never be ineffective.”

Explanation from another perspective:

If merely saying the word Allah could make someone a god or part of divinity, then the Quran indicates that Allah’s words are countless, so do they also hold the same ruling? For example, in the Holy Quran it is stated:

﴿قُل لَّوْ كَانَ الْبَحْرُ مِدَادًا لِّكَلِمَاتِ رَبِّي لَنَفِدَ الْبَحْرُ قَبْلَ أَن تَنفَدَ كَلِمَاتُ رَبِّي وَلَوْ جِئْنَا بِمِثْلِهِ مَدَدًا ‎﴾

“O Prophet! Say, if the sea were ink for the words of my Lord, the sea would be exhausted before the words of my Lord are exhausted, even if We brought the like of it as a supplement.”

At another place it is stated:

﴿وَلَوْ أَنَّمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ مِن شَجَرَةٍ أَقْلَامٌ وَالْبَحْرُ يَمُدُّهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ سَبْعَةُ أَبْحُرٍ مَّا نَفِدَتْ كَلِمَاتُ اللَّهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ﴾ ‎

“If all the trees on earth were pens and the sea (were ink), replenished by seven more seas, the words of Allah would not be exhausted. Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.”

Second argument:

In the Holy Quran, Prophet Messiah (peace be upon him) is called the Spirit of Allah, which refers to the eternal life of Allah, therefore Messiah (peace be upon him) is eternal and everlasting.
Answer: Christian philosophers say that this word refers to the eternal life of Allah, but in reality, this is not the case because the Quranic word وروح منه is not for the word من تبعيض (part) but for something that is issued or emanated, so the translation will be: And the spirit issued from Him (Allah). As mentioned in Tafsir Al-Bahr Al-Muheet:

ومعنى روح منه أي: صادرة، لأنه ذو روح وجد من غير جزء من ذي روح، كالنطفة المنفصلة من الأب الحي، وإنما اخترع اختراعا من عند الله وقدرته. وقال أبى بن كعب: عيسى روح من أرواح الله تعالى الذى خلقها واستنطقها بقوله: ألست بربكم قالوا بلى بعثه الله إلى مريم فدخل. وقال الطبري وأبو روق: وروح منه أى نفخة منه، إذ هي من جبريل بأمره.

And the meaning of روح منه is: the spirit that is issued because our master Jesus (peace be upon him) is such a spirit that did not come into existence as a part of any soul, like the sperm separated from a living father. And our master Jesus (peace be upon him) was created by Allah from His side and His power. And Abi bin Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) says that Jesus is from those spirits whom Allah created and asked for the response to ألست بربكم, and they said بلى. Allah sent this spirit to Lady Mary and it entered her. And Imam Tabari and Abu Ruq say: روح منه means the blowing from Allah because Angel Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to blow by the command of Allah.

And a similar verse in the Holy Quran is:

﴿وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مِّنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ‎﴾

He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth – all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.

﴿الشَّيْطَانُ يَعِدُكُمُ الْفَقْرَ وَيَأْمُرُكُم بِالْفَحْشَاءِ ۖ وَاللَّهُ يَعِدُكُم مَّغْفِرَةً مِّنْهُ وَفَضْلًا ۗ وَاللَّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ﴾

“Satan promises you poverty and orders you to immorality, while Allah promises you forgiveness from Him and bounty. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing.”

There are many such sentences in the Bible as well:
(a) Paul states: هذا كله من الله
And all things are from God.

(b) من يؤمن بأن يسوع هو المسيح فهو مولود من الله
Whoever believes that Jesus is the Christ is born of God.

(c) كل مولود من الله لا يعمل الخطيئة لأن زرع الله ثابت فيه
Whoever is born of God does not sin, because His seed remains in him.

(d) أيها الحبيب لا تتبع الشر، بل الخير من يعمل الخير فهو من الله
Beloved, do not imitate evil but imitate good. Whoever does good is of God.

Are the Christians ready to accept all creatures, those who believe Jesus (peace be upon him) is the Messiah, and those who do good deeds as a part and portion of Allah? Even for them the word “min” (from) is used, and in the second and third references, it is said that they are born from Allah. Obviously, in all these sentences, the meaning intended is “from Allah.”
So just as in these sentences of the Quran and Bible the word “min” is for origin (beginning), similarly in the word روح منه it is also for the creature emanated from Him.

◈ The word “Ruh” for others besides Prophet Isa (peace be upon him):

According to the Holy Quran, the word “Rooh” (Spirit) is not exclusively used for Sayyiduna Messiah (Jesus, peace be upon him) but has also been used for Sayyiduna Jibra’il (Gabriel, peace be upon him). (Hafiz Ibn Hazm writes: كل روح فَهُوَ روح الله تعالى، على الملك، لكن إذا قلنا : روح الله، على الإطلاق: يعني بذلك جبريل، أو عِيسَى عَلَيْهِما السّلام، كَانَ ذلِك فضيلة عَظِيمَة لهما

Every spirit is from Allah Almighty, meaning He is its owner (which He sends through an angel). However, when we say “Rooh Allah” (Spirit of Allah) absolutely, it refers to either Sayyiduna Jibra’il or Sayyiduna Isa (Jesus, peace be upon them), because both have great distinction in this regard.)

It is stated:

﴿فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِن دُونِهِمْ حِجَابًا فَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْهَا رُوحَنَا فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهَا بَشَرًا سَوِيًّا﴾

“And she concealed herself from them and We sent to her Our Spirit (i.e., the angel), and he appeared before her in the form of a perfect man.”

In another place, it is called Rooh al-Qudus (Holy Spirit) and in a third place Rooh al-Amin (Trustworthy Spirit):

﴿قُلْ نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِن رَّبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ لِيُثَبِّتَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ﴾

Say, “The Holy Spirit has brought it down from your Lord in truth to strengthen those who believe and as a guide and glad tidings to the Muslims.”

﴿نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ﴾

The Trustworthy Spirit has descended upon your heart.

The reason for calling Sayyiduna Jibra’il “Rooh” is that he does not have a physical body; therefore, when he came to Sayyida Maryam (peace be upon her), he took the form of a human. The command of Allah Almighty is:

‏ ﴿فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِن دُونِهِمْ حِجَابًا فَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْهَا رُوحَنَا فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهَا بَشَرًا سَوِيًّا﴾

And she concealed herself from them, and We sent to her Our Spirit (i.e., the angel), and he appeared before her in the form of a perfect man.

He breathed into the bosom of Sayyida Maryam (peace be upon her), and by the command of Allah, she became pregnant. The birth of Hazrat Messiah (peace be upon him) was through the breath of Sayyiduna Jibra’il (peace be upon him). As mentioned in the Holy Quran:

﴿وَالَّتِي أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَنَفَخْنَا فِيهَا مِن رُّوحِنَا وَجَعَلْنَاهَا وَابْنَهَا آيَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ﴾

And the woman who guarded her chastity, We breathed into her of Our Spirit, and We made her and her son a sign for all the worlds.

This honor was also bestowed upon Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him); when he was created from clay, Allah breathed His spirit into him. The Quran states:

﴿فَإِذَا سَوَّيْتُهُ وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ سَاجِدِينَ﴾

When I have fashioned him completely and breathed into him of My Spirit, then fall down in prostration to him.

In short, among Muslims, this is a relation of honor and respect

, which is called a relation of distinction, not to consider it a part of Allah Almighty’s essence as Christians claim. If the Christian argument is accepted, then Adam (peace be upon him) deserves to be God more than Sayyiduna Messiah (peace be upon him), and in the Holy Quran, both are called similar. The Divine command is:

﴿إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَىٰ عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ ۖ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ﴾

Indeed, the example of Jesus to Allah is like that of Adam. He created him from dust; then He said to him, “Be,” and he was.

Is any Christian ready to accept Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) as God as well?

◈ The Word Soul and the Bible:

This was the Quranic teaching. Now, when we look at the Bible, it also mentions that Allah sent His spirit upon many people. So, are they also like God? For example:
(a) Then the Lord said to Moses: See, I have called “Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur” from the tribe of Judah by name, and I have filled him with the Spirit of God (Christian people dislike the word Allah, but in these two places (the second place in the next reference) the Urdu Bible uses this word. Therefore, their claim that Allah was the name of an idol (may Allah protect us) remains a misconception forever.) with wisdom, understanding, knowledge, and all kinds of skills.

The Bible uses these words for it:

وملأته من روحي.

(b) When Moses went and proclaimed this revelation to the Israelites, the same words appeared there as well.

(c) Moses said to him: Are you jealous for my sake? Would that all the Lord’s people were prophets, and that the Lord would put His Spirit upon them all.

Meaning, according to them, the spirit of Allah is placed in all prophets, so then what was the special characteristic of Messiah (peace be upon him)?
(d) When He hides His breath, they die and return to dust; when He sends forth His spirit, they are created.

(e) If He takes back His spirit and breath, all mankind will perish together, and man will return to dust.

From these two references, it is understood that every human has the “Spirit of Allah,” so are all of them gods?
(f) Jesus (peace be upon him) said: That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.

Further it is written: God is Spirit.

Now, let us see from the Bible itself who is born of God, it is written:
Whoever believes that Jesus is the Christ is born of God.

The Gospel of John states that those who believe in Jesus Christ are born not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.

It is further written: Beloved, let us love one another, for love is from God, and everyone who loves is born of God.

Thus, all Christians and Muslims are spirits because everyone accepts Jesus (peace be upon him) as the Messiah, and also those who love, regardless of their religion, are spirits. So, are all these Christians ready to accept them as God, or will they accept them as a part or portion of God?
(g) Paul said to his disciples: Do you not know that you are the temple of God and that the Spirit of God dwells in you?

(h) About himself, Paul said: And I think that the Spirit of God is also in me.

(i) It is written: Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, because many false prophets have gone out into the world. You can recognize the Spirit of God by this: every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is from God.

In the Arabic Bible, the words here are “Spirit of Allah” and “Spirit from Allah.” Obviously, all Christians will interpret these references in some way to avoid the charge of polytheism, so why can’t the word coming about Jesus (peace be upon him) be interpreted in such a way?

Why was Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) called “Ruh al-Mannah”?

The word “Ruh” (spirit) has been used in several meanings in the Holy Quran. First, observe these, then we will proceed:

① Angel, i.e., Angel Gabriel (peace be upon him)

‏ ﴿نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ﴾ ‎

It is with this that the trustworthy spirit descended upon your heart.

﴿فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِن دُونِهِمْ حِجَابًا فَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْهَا رُوحَنَا فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهَا بَشَرًا سَوِيًّا﴾ ‎

And she concealed it from them, and We sent to her Our spirit, and he appeared before her as a perfect man.

﴿قُلْ نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِن رَّبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ لِيُثَبِّتَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ﴾ ‎

Say, “The Holy Spirit has brought it down from your Lord in truth to strengthen those who believe and as a guide and glad tidings to Muslims.”

‏ ﴿تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ﴾

The angels and the spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for every matter.

② Human soul:

﴿وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِ ۖ قُلِ الرُّوحُ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّي وَمَا أُوتِيتُم مِّنَ الْعِلْمِ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا﴾

They ask you about the spirit. Say, “The spirit is of the command of my Lord, and you have not been given of knowledge except a little.”

③ Support and Assistance:

﴿وَأَيَّدَهُم بِرُوحٍ مِّنْهُ﴾

“Allah Almighty has supported the believers with His spirit (support and assistance).”

④ Divine Revelation:

﴿وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ رُوحًا مِّنْ أَمْرِنَا ۚ مَا كُنتَ تَدْرِي مَا الْكِتَابُ وَلَا الْإِيمَانُ وَلَٰكِن جَعَلْنَاهُ نُورًا نَّهْدِي بِهِ مَن نَّشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ۚ وَإِنَّكَ لَتَهْدِي إِلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ﴾

And likewise (O Muhammad!) We have sent down to you a spirit (revelation) by Our command. You did not know what the Book was, nor what faith was. But We made the spirit a light by which We guide whom We will among Our servants. Indeed, you are guiding to the straight path.

﴿يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ أَنْ أَنذِرُوا أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاتَّقُونِ﴾

He sends down the spirit (revelation) by His command to whom He wills among His servants through the angels (with the guidance to) inform them that there is no deity for you except Me, so fear Me.

See that the meaning and interpretation stated by the Christians is not used in any verse of the Holy Quran, therefore it is merely their assertion and boast. In any case, considering these four meanings and interpretations, Jesus (peace be upon him) can be called the Spirit of God:
(Why was our master Jesus (peace be upon him) specifically called the Spirit of God while all souls are from Allah Almighty? Imam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) writes: وسماه روحه، لأنه خلقه من نفخ روح القدس فى أمه، لم يخلقه كما خلق غيره من أب آدمي

The reason for calling him a spirit from their side is that he was created by the blowing of the Holy Spirit into his mother. Allah did not create him in the way He creates others from a human father.)
(a) Angel Gabriel (peace be upon him) was specially appointed by Allah Almighty to give him glad tidings.
(b) Contrary to the usual method of conception, his spirit (human soul) was breathed into Lady Mary (peace be upon her).
(c) Allah Almighty specially supported and helped Jesus (peace be upon him), saved him from the clutches of the Jews, and raised him alive to the heavens. The special angel appointed for this help and support is also called the Holy Spirit, as mentioned in three places in the Quran, see: Surah Al-Baqarah, verses 87, 253 and Surah Al-Ma’idah, verse 110.
(d) Since his birth was contrary to the usual method of conception and birth, he was given this title because he is the result of the Word (which is revelation).

◈ The Cause of the Soul’s Mouth and the Bible:

Now we come to the Bible, and you have already seen the references earlier that the word spirit has appeared with different meanings, summarized as follows:
● The grace and mercy of Allah, since Jesus Christ (peace be upon him) was born by the special grace and mercy of Allah Almighty, this could also be a reason.
● Human soul: Jesus Christ (peace be upon him) had a human soul.
● Divine revelation: He was born as a result of the Word of Allah, which is revelation.
● Prophet: Jesus Christ (peace be upon him) was a prophet.
● Power
For the last mentioned meaning, see the following phrase. Our Master Jesus Christ (peace be upon him) said:
If I cast out demons by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.

The same is recorded in the Gospel of Luke as: If I cast out demons by the power of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.

That is, the translation of spirit is power.
Therefore, Jesus Christ (peace be upon him) was born by the power of Allah Almighty, and for this reason also, this title is rightly attributed to him.

Third Argument:

The Quran refers to Jesus (peace be upon him) as a creator, and this word is used exclusively for Allah Almighty:

﴿وَإِذْ تَخْلُقُ مِنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ بِإِذْنِي فَتَنفُخُ فِيهَا فَتَكُونُ طَيْرًا بِإِذْنِي ۖ وَتُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَالْأَبْرَصَ بِإِذْنِي﴾

(Allah Almighty addressing Jesus (peace be upon him)): And when you molded from clay what was like the form of a bird, then you breathed into it, and it became a bird by Allah’s permission.

At another place, the response of Jesus (peace be upon him) is narrated as follows:

﴿أَنِّي أَخْلُقُ لَكُم مِّنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ فَأَنفُخُ فِيهِ فَيَكُونُ طَيْرًا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ﴾

I create for you from clay the form of a bird, then I breathe into it, and it becomes a bird by Allah’s permission.

Answer: Misguided people always try to twist straightforward matters, and this is the case here as well. Observe:
First: Allah Almighty has mentioned three attributes in His declaration of being the Creator:
“Creator of everything.”

“Creating anew without a model or example.”

“Bringing anything into existence from non-existence according to the proper measure and requirements of creation, i.e., Al-Bari.”
And this is an attribute exclusive to Allah Almighty.

If Allah Almighty mentions anyone else as a creator besides Himself, this attribute is limited and specific, as mentioned in the argument regarding Jesus (peace be upon him), i.e., he was called a creator only because he formed the shape of a bird from clay, and this shape was made by Allah’s command. Can such a personality be Allah?
Second: What difficulty is there in making the shape of a bird from clay? Ordinary people also make this; what craftsmanship is in it? Should they also be called Allah? The real point is that Allah Almighty never allowed humans to make images and statues, except Jesus (peace be upon him) was given special permission, which is why this characteristic is mentioned about him. This is also why the permission and command of Allah Almighty are mentioned.
In any case, his real miracle was breathing into that shape, which became a bird by Allah’s command.
Third: Since the Christian argument is based on the Quran, and when the complete words are considered, their foundation appears to be built on sand. It is clearly stated here that Jesus (peace be upon him) made the shape of a bird by Allah Almighty’s command and permission, so can someone who needs permission from another be Allah?
Fourth: If Jesus (peace be upon him) himself is Allah and he takes permission from himself to perform actions, this is completely impossible and absurd.

Fifth: Jesus (peace be upon him) only made the shape of a bird, which was used as evidence of his divinity, whereas the Bible shows that from the miracle of Prophet Aaron (peace be upon him), countless live lice were created. It is written:
Then the Lord said to Moses, tell Aaron to stretch out his staff and strike the dust of the earth, and it will become lice throughout the land of Egypt. He did so, and Aaron stretched out his staff and struck the dust of the earth, and lice came upon man and beast. All the dust of the land became lice throughout Egypt, and the magicians tried to produce lice by their magic but could not, and lice kept coming upon man and beast. (According to the Catholic sect, these were mosquitoes, while the Protestant Bible uses the word lice. Another difference is that according to the Catholic Bible, the magicians tried to drive away these mosquitoes by their magic, whereas the Protestant Bible states they tried to produce more lice by magic.)

It is evident that this happened by Allah’s command, and it was the miracle of Prophet Aaron (peace be upon him), indicating his prophethood, not divinity.
Sixth: If the word “create” (produce) is taken as proof of Jesus (peace be upon him)’s divinity, then many gods would appear in the Bible, such as:
Asher will produce fine grain.

The earth produces its vegetation.

Remove all these sins by which you have sinned, and create for yourself a new heart and a new spirit.

Teacher! Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies childless and leaves a wife behind, his brother should take the wife to produce offspring for his brother.

In the Gospel of Luke, similar words of producing are also present

. Although the meaning of these phrases is clear in their context, we have mentioned them merely to refute the use of the word. That is, the use of one word for two different persons does not necessarily imply their unity in every matter.
Seventh: From the Quran, it is understood that the word “Creator” has two meanings:
● Forming the outward shape and appearance, in this sense it is also used for others besides Allah, as the command of the Creator is:

﴿فَتَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ﴾

So blessed is Allah, the best of creators.

This is also supported by the authentic hadith in Sahih Bukhari where Allah Almighty will rebuke those who make images on the Day of Judgment:

أحيوا ما خلقتم.

“You have created, so give life to what you have created.”

The same meaning applies to Jesus (peace be upon him), and the words of the verse explicitly state that he made forms like birds.
● Bringing into existence from non-existence and giving life, in this sense it is used exclusively for Allah Almighty. Therefore, the attribute of being the Creator of everything is attributed to Him alone, and it is explicitly negated for anyone else:

﴿ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَاعْبُدُوهُ ۚ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَكِيلٌ﴾

He is Allah, your Lord; there is no deity except Him, the Creator of all things, so worship Him.

At another place, Allah Almighty asked in a rhetorical question:

﴿هَلْ مِنْ خَالِقٍ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ﴾

Is there any creator besides Allah?

Fourth Argument: Giving News of the Unseen

From the Holy Quran, it is understood that Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) used to inform about the unseen, and this is only a special attribute of Allah. The Quranic verse is as follows, where he (peace be upon him) said to his people:

﴿وَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا تَأْكُلُونَ وَمَا تَدَّخِرُونَ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ﴾

“And [I inform you] of what you eat and what you store in your houses.”

Answer:
(First) Allah Almighty informed our master Jesus (peace be upon him), then he conveyed it to the people. In the Bible, his statement is mentioned:
“I can do nothing on my own authority; as I hear, I judge.”

In verse 19 of this chapter of the Gospel, it is stated:
“So Jesus answered them, ‘Truly, truly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of his own accord, but only what he sees the Father doing.'”
The Holy Quran also points this out:

﴿وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُطْلِعَكُمْ عَلَى الْغَيْبِ وَلَٰكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَجْتَبِي مِن رُّسُلِهِ مَن يَشَاءُ﴾

“And it is not for Allah to wrong the believers in their affairs, but Allah chooses from His messengers whom He wills and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.”

At another place, it is stated:

﴿عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلَا يُظْهِرُ عَلَىٰ غَيْبِهِ أَحَدًا ‎.‏ إِلَّا مَنِ ارْتَضَىٰ مِن رَّسُولٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ رَصَدًا .﴾

“Indeed, He is the Knower of the unseen, and He does not disclose His unseen to anyone except a messenger whom He has chosen. And indeed, He sends before him and behind him observers.”

(Second) Necessarily, look at the Biblical references as well, from which it is found that several other people were also informed about the unseen and conveyed it, so will they also have the right to become God?
➊ Prophet Job (peace be upon him) knew the thoughts of his friends’ hearts.

➋ A person named Ananias accepted Christianity, sold property, and presented the money for the service of the apostles but kept some for himself. Then Peter said to him: “Satan has filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and keep some of the money for yourself.” He died out of shame. His wife came and was also rebuked, and she also died.

Summary:

Jesus Christ informed the Samaritan woman about her circumstances and exposed her lie, which was knowledge of the unseen. She said: O Lord! I perceive that you are a prophet.

That is, despite giving knowledge of the unseen, people called Jesus Christ a prophet and not God, and he remained silent. If this was the proof of divinity, then why was this woman not reformed?