إن الحمد لله نحمده، ونستعينه، من يهده الله فلا مضل له، ومن يضلل فلا هادي له ، وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له، وأن محمدا عبده ورسوله . أما بعد:
A Golden Incident of Buying and Selling
Hadith 1:
«عن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: اشترى رجل ممن كان قبلكم عقارا من رجل، فوجد الذى اشترى العقار فى عقاره جرة فيها ذهب ، فقال له الذى اشترى العقار: خذ ذهبك منى ، إنما اشتريت العقار ، ولم أبتع منك الذهب ، فقال بائع الأرض إنما بعتك الأرض وما فيها ، قال: فتحاكما إلى رجل ، فقال الذى تحاكما إليه: ألكما ولد؟ فقال أحدهما: لى غلام ، وقال الآخر: لى جارية. فقال أنكحوا الغلام الجارية ، وأنفقوا على أنفسكما منه ، وتصدقا»
“Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: In the earlier times, a man bought land from another man. The man who had bought the land found in it a jar containing gold. The man who had bought the land said to him: Take your gold back from me, for I only bought the land from you; I did not buy the gold. The seller of the land said: I sold you the land and everything in it. The two of them took their case to a man, and he said: Do you have children? One of them said: I have a son, and the other said: I have a daughter. So that man said: Marry the boy to the girl, spend on the two of them from this (wealth), and give some of it in charity.”
The Condemnation of Deceiving in Business
Hadith 2:
«وعنه، أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مر على صبرة طعام ، فأدخل يده فيها ، فنالت اصابعه بللا . فقال: ما هذا يا صاحب الطعام؟ قال: أصابته السماء يا رسول الله قال: أفلا جعلته فوق الطعام حتى يراه الناس ، من غش فليس مني»
“And from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) it is narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by a heap of grain and put his hand into it, and his fingers became wet. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: O owner of the grain! What is this? He said: O Messenger of Allah! The rain had fallen on it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Why did you not put it on top of the grain so that people could see it? (Know that) whoever deceives is not from me.”
Hadith 3:
«و عن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما ، قال: قال رجل للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: إني أخدع فى البيوع ، فقال: إذا بايعت فقل: لا خلابة . فكان الرجل يقوله»
“And Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that a man said to the Prophet ﷺ: I get deceived in sales. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When you make a sale, say: There is no deception.”
Repaying a Debt in the Best Manner
Hadith 4:
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رجلا تقاضى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فأغلظ له ، فهم أصحابه، فقال: دعوه فإن لصاحب الحق مقالا، فاشتروا له بعيرا، فأعطوه إياه . قالوا: لا نجد إلا أفضل من سنه ، قال: اشتروه ، فاعطوه إياه، فإن خيركم أحسنكم قضاء»
“And from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) it is narrated that a man demanded repayment of a debt from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and was harsh with him, so the Companions of the Prophet intended to strike him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Leave him, for the one who is owed a right has the right to speak. Buy a camel and give it to him. The Companions said: We can only find one older than his. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Buy that one and give it to him, for the best of you is the one who is best in repaying.”
Encouragement to Give Respite to the One in Hardship
Hadith 5:
«وعن أبى قتادة رضي الله عنه ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من سره أن ينجيه الله من كرب يوم القيامة فلينفس عن معسر ، أو يضع»
“And Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Whoever is pleased that Allah should save him from the distresses of the Day of Resurrection, let him give respite to the one in hardship or forgive him (the debt).”
Buying and Selling Pigs Is Forbidden
Hadith 6:
«وعن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنه: أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول عام الفتح وهو بمكة: إن الله ورسوله حرم بيع الخمر، والميتة ، والخنزير ، والأصنام، فقيل: يا رسول الله أرأيت شحوم الميتة؟ فإنه يطلى بها السفن، ويدهن بها الجلود، ويستصبح بها الناس؟ فقال: لا ، هو حرام . ثم قال عند ذلك: قاتل الله اليهود ، إن الله عزوجل لما حرم عليهم شحومها أجملوه، ثم باعوه فأكلوا ثمنه»
“And from Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) it is narrated that in the year of the Conquest of Makkah he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, while in Makkah: Indeed Allah and His Messenger have forbidden the sale of wine, carrion, pigs and idols. It was said: O Messenger of Allah! What do you say about the fat of carrion? For ships are coated with it, hides are greased with it, and people burn it in lamps to get light. He ﷺ said: No, it is forbidden. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: May Allah destroy the Jews, for when Allah forbade its fat to them, they melted it, then sold it and ate its price.”
Selling Dogs and the Earnings of a Fornicatress Are Forbidden
Hadith 7:
«وعن أبى جحيفة رضي الله عنه أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن ثمن الدم ، وثمن الكلب، وكسب البغي ، ولعن آكل الربا ومؤكله ، والواشمة والمستوشمة ، والمصور»
“And from Abu Juhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) it is narrated that the Prophet ﷺ forbade the price of blood, the price of a dog, and the earnings of a fornicatress, and he cursed the one who consumes usury and the one who feeds it, the woman who tattoos and the woman who has herself tattooed, and the maker of images.”
The Virtue of Eating from One’s Own Earnings
Hadith 8:
«وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن أطيب ما أكلتم من كسبكم ، وإن أولادكم من كسبكم»
The muhaddith al-Albani has declared it sahih (authentic).
“And Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Prophet ﷺ said: Eating from one’s own earnings is the purest food, and your children are also from your earnings.”
The Virtue of Earning with One’s Own Hands
Hadith 9:
«وعن المقدام رضي الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: ما أكل احد طعاما قط خيرا من أن يأكل من عمل يديه، وإن نبي الله داود عليه السلام كان يأكل من عمل يديه»
“And Miqdam ibn Ma’dikarib (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: No one has ever eaten better food than that which he eats from the earnings of his own hands, and the Prophet of Allah Dawud (peace be upon him) used to eat from the earnings of his own hands.”
Distinguishing Between the Lawful and the Unlawful
Hadith 10:
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه ، عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: قال يأتى على الناس زمان لا يبالي المرء ما أخذ منه، امن الحلال ام من الحرام؟»
“And Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: A time will come upon the people when a man will not care whether he is earning by lawful means or by unlawful means.”
The Condemnation of Unlawful Earnings
Hadith 11:
«وعن جابر رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا يدخل الجنة لحم نبت من السحت. وكل لحم نبت من السحت كانت النار اولي به»
Shaykh Shu’ayb has said of it: قوى الإسناد على شرط مسلم.
“Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Flesh that has grown from the forbidden will not enter Paradise, and for every flesh that has grown from the forbidden, the fire of Hell is more deserving of it.”
The Buying and Selling of Wine Is Forbidden
Hadith 12:
«وعن أنس رضي الله عنه قال: لعن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فى الخمر عشرة: عاصرها ومعتصرها ، وشاربها ، وحاملها ، والمحمولة إليه ، وساقيها ، وبائعها ، واكل ثمنها ، والمشتري لها ، والمشتراة له»
The muhaddith al-Albani has declared it sahih (authentic).
“Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed ten kinds of people in connection with wine: the one who makes it, the one who has it made, the one who drinks it, the one who carries it, the one to whom it is carried, the one who serves it, the one who sells it, the one who consumes its price, the one who buys it, and the one for whom it is bought.”
Showing Leniency When Buying and Selling
Hadith 13:
«وعن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهما أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: رحم الله رجلا سمحا إذا باع ، وإذا اشترى ، وإذا اقتضى»
“Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: May Allah have mercy on the man who shows leniency and generosity when he sells, when he buys, and when he demands repayment.”
The Reward of Adopting the Best Manner When Buying and Selling
Hadith 14:
«وعن حذيفة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن رجلا كان فيمن كان قبلكم أتاه الملك ليقبض روحه، فقيل له: هل عملت من خير؟ قال ما أعلم . قيل له: انظر . قال: ما أعلم شيئا غير أني كنت أبايع الناس فى الدنيا وأجازيهم فأنظر الموسر وأتجاوز عن المعسر فأدخله الله الجنة»
“Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: There was a man among those before you. The angel came to him to take his soul, and he was asked: Have you done any good? He said: I do not know. He was told: Look. He said: I do not remember anything other than that I used to deal with people in the world and I used to demand repayment from them in a good manner; I would give respite to the wealthy person, while I would simply forgive the one in hardship. Allah admitted him to Paradise.”
The Prohibition of Swearing Oaths When Making a Sale
Hadith 15:
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: الحلف منفقة للسلعة ، ممحقة للبركة»
“Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: The oath makes the goods sell, but it wipes out the blessing.”
The Condemnation of Swearing a False Oath When Selling Goods
Hadith 16:
«وعن أبى ذر رضي الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: ثلاثة لا يكلمهم الله يوم القيامة، ولا ينظر إليهم، ولا يزكيهم ، ولهم عذاب أليم . قال: فقرأها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ثلاث مرات . قال ابوذر رضي الله عنه: خابوا وخسروا من هم يا رسول الله؟ قال: المسبل، والمنان، والمنفق سلعته بالحلف الكاذب»
“Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet ﷺ that he said: On the Day of Resurrection Allah will not speak to three kinds of people, nor will He look at them (with a look of mercy), nor will He purify them, and for them there will be a painful punishment. He said that the Prophet ﷺ repeated this three times. Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: They are ruined and lost, O Messenger of Allah! Who are they? He said: The one who lets his lower garment hang down, the one who reminds others of his favours, and the one who sells his goods by swearing a false oath.”
The Permissibility of Brokerage
Hadith 17:
«وعن قيس بن أبى غرزة رضي الله عنه قال: كنا نسمى فى عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم السماسرة، فمر بنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فسمانا باسم هو أحسن منه ، فقال: يا معشر التجار! إن البيع يحضره اللغو، والحلف ، فشوبوه بالصدقة»
The muhaddith al-Albani has declared it “sahih” (authentic).
“Qays ibn Abi Gharazah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: In the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ we (the merchants) used to be called brokers (middlemen). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by us and gave us a name better than that. He ﷺ said: O company of merchants! Idle talk and oaths occur during selling, so mix it with charity.”
The Virtue of the Merchant Who Adopts Taqwa and Truthfulness
Hadith 18:
«و عن عبيد بن رفاعة عن أبيه، عن جده، عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: التجار يحشرون يوم القيامة فجارا ، إلا من اتقى وبر وصدق»
Imam al-Tirmidhi has said of it: hasan sahih (good and authentic).
“‘Ubayd ibn Rifa’ah narrates from his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet ﷺ said: Merchants will be gathered on the Day of Resurrection among the wicked, except for the one who had taqwa, did good, and was truthful.”
When Is a Sale Finalised?
Hadith 19:
«و عن حكيم بن حزام رضي الله عنه ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: البيعان بالخيار ما لم يتفرقا ، فإن صدقا وبينا بورك لهما فى بيعهما ، وإن كتما وكذبا محقت بركة بيعهما»
“Hakim ibn Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The two parties to a sale have the option until they part. If they spoke the truth and made clear (the condition of the goods), blessing is placed for them both in their sale; and if they concealed (a defect in the goods, etc.) and lied, the blessing of their sale is wiped out.”
Interest-Based Business Is Forbidden
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَذَرُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الرِّبَا إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ . فَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلُوا فَأْذَنُوا بِحَرْبٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ۖ وَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ رُءُوسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ .﴾
Allah the Exalted said: “O you who believe! Fear Allah and give up what remains of interest, if you are believers. Then if you do not do so, be prepared for war from Allah and His Messenger; and if you repent, then you shall have your capital sums, neither wronging nor being wronged.”
Hadith 20:
«وعن جابر رضي الله عنه ، قال: لعن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم آكل الربا ، وموكله ، وكاتبه، و شاهديه، وقال: هم سواء»
“Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed the one who consumes interest, the one who feeds it to others, the one who writes it, and the two who witness it, and he said: They are all equal (in sin).”
The End of Interest-Based Business
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَبِظُلْمٍ مِّنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُوا حَرَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ طَيِّبَاتٍ أُحِلَّتْ لَهُمْ وَبِصَدِّهِمْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَثِيرًا . وَأَخْذِهِمُ الرِّبَا وَقَدْ نُهُوا عَنْهُ وَأَكْلِهِمْ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالْبَاطِلِ ۚ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ مِنْهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا.﴾
Allah the Most High said: “So for the wrongdoing of those who became Jews, and for their hindering many people from the way of Allah, We forbade them some good things that had been permitted to them. And also because they took usury, although they had been forbidden from it, and also because they consumed people’s wealth unjustly. And We have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful punishment.”
Hadith 21:
«و عن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن الربا وإن كثر عاقبته تصير إلى قل»
The muhaddith Albani declared it sahih (authentic).
“Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Indeed, no matter how much usury increases, its end is poverty and humiliation.”
The Condemnation of Usury
Hadith 22:
«وعن أبى هريرة، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: الربا ثلاثة وسبعون بابا ، أيسرها أن ينكح الرجل أمه ، وإن أربى الربا عرض الرجل المسلم»
“Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Usury has seventy-three (73) doors. The lightest of them in sin is like a man marrying his own mother, and the greatest usury is an attack on the honour of a Muslim.”
Stating the Defect of an Item When Selling It
Hadith 23:
«وعن عقبة بن عامر ، قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: المسلم اخو المسلم، ولا يحل لمسلم باع من أخيه بيعا، فيه عيب إلا بينه له»
“‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Muslims are brothers to one another, and it is not permissible for a Muslim to sell his Muslim brother an item that has a defect without stating its defect; rather, it is necessary for him to make its defect clearly known at the time of sale.”
Seven Destructive Deeds
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَأْكُلُوا الرِّبَا أَضْعَافًا مُّضَاعَفَةً ۖ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ﴾
Allah the Most High said: “O you who believe! Do not consume usury, doubled and multiplied, and fear Allah so that you may attain salvation.”
Hadith 24:
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: اجتنبوا السبع الموبقات قالوا: وما هن يا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم؟ قال: الشرك بالله ، والسحر ، وقتل النفس التى حرم الله إلا بالحق ، وأكل الربا، وأكل مال اليتيم ، والتولى يوم الزحف، وقذف المحصنات المؤمنات الغافلات»
“Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Avoid the seven destructive things. The people said: O Messenger of Allah! What are they? He ﷺ said: Associating partners with Allah, magic, killing a person unjustly, consuming usury, consuming the wealth of an orphan, turning one’s back and fleeing on the day of battle, and accusing chaste, believing women who are unaware (of sins).”
Consuming Usury Is the Most Severe of Sins
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَمَا آتَيْتُم مِّن رِّبًا لِّيَرْبُوَ فِي أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ فَلَا يَرْبُو عِندَ اللَّهِ ۖ وَمَا آتَيْتُم مِّن زَكَاةٍ تُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُضْعِفُونَ﴾
Allah the Most High said: “And whatever you give (as a loan) on usury so that it may increase (by joining) the wealth of people, it does not increase with Allah; and whatever you give as zakah, seeking the Face of Allah, those are the ones who multiply (their wealth) many times over.”
Hadith 25:
«وعن عبد الله بن حنظلة غسيل الملائكة قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: درهم ربا ياكله الرجل وهو يعلم ، أشد من ستة وثلاثين زنية»
Shaykh Hamzah Zayn has declared it to have a sahih chain (sahih al-isnad).
“‘Abdullah ibn Hanzalah, Ghasil al-Mala’ikah, narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: A single dirham of usury that a man knowingly consumes is a more severe sin than committing adultery thirty-six times.”
Consuming Another’s Wealth Unjustly Is Forbidden
Hadith 26:
«وعن جابر رضي الله عنه، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: لو بعت من أخيك ثمرا ، فاصابته جائحة ، فلا يحل لك ان تأخذ منه شيئا ، بم تأخذ مال أخيك بغير حق؟ »
“Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: If you sell fruit to your (Muslim) brother and then a calamity strikes it, it is not lawful for you to take anything from him. In exchange for what would you take your brother’s wealth unjustly?”
The Prohibition of Making a Sale Over Another’s Sale
Hadith 27:
«وعن ابن عمر عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لا يبع الرجل على بيع أخيه ، ولا يخطب على خطبة أخيه ، إلا أن يأذن له»
“Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: A man must not make a sale over his brother’s sale, nor propose marriage over his brother’s proposal, unless he gives him permission.”
The Dignity of Labour
Hadith 28:
«و عن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قالت الأنصار للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: اقسم بيننا وبين إخواننا النخيل، قال: لا ، فقالوا: تكفونا المؤونة، ونشرككم فى الثمرة . قالوا: سمعنا وأطعنا»
“Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Ansar said to the Prophet ﷺ: Divide the date palms between us and our (Muhajir) brothers. He ﷺ said: No. (They said to the Muhajirun:) You do the work, and we will make you partners in the produce. They (the Muhajirun) said: We have heard and we obey.”
May No One Die in Debt
Hadith 29:
«و عن أبى موسى رضي الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إن من أعظم الذنوب عند الله ان يلقاه بها عبد بعد الكبائر التى نهى الله عنها ، ان يموت رجل و عليه دين لا يدع له قضاء»
Shaykh Hamzah Zayn has said that it has a sahih chain (sahih al-isnad).
“Abu Musa narrates from the Prophet ﷺ that he ﷺ said: After the major sins, the greatest sin that Allah has forbidden, with which a servant may meet Allah, is that a man dies owing a debt and leaves nothing for its repayment.”
An Office-Holder Should Avoid Accepting Gifts
Hadith 30:
«و عن أبى بردة بن أبى موسى، قال: قدمت المدينة ، فلقيت عبد الله بن سلام رضي الله عنه ، فقال: إنك بأرض الربا بها فاش ، فإذا كان لك على رجل حق ، فأهدى إليك حمل تبن، أو حمل شعير ، أو حبل قت فلا تأخذه فإنه ربا»
“Abu Burdah ibn Abi Musa narrates: I went to Medina and met ‘Abdullah ibn Salam (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said: You live in a land where usury is widespread. When you are owed a right by a man and he sends you as a gift a bundle of straw, or barley, or a bundle of wild green fodder, do not take it, for it is usury.”
The Prohibition of Hoarding
Hadith 31:
«وعن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه ، قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: من احتكر على المسلمين طعامهم ضربه الله بالجذام والإفلاس»
Ahmad Shakir has called it “sahih al-isnad” (its chain of narration is authentic).
“And Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Whoever withholds food from the Muslims (hoards it), Allah afflicts him with leprosy and bankruptcy.”
Hadith 32:
«وعن معمر رضي الله عنه ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من احتكر فهو خاطيء»
“And Ma’mar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Whoever hoards is a sinner.”
Fixing the Prices of Goods
Hadith 33:
«و عن أنس رضي الله عنه قال: غلا السعر على عهد النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالوا: يا رسول الله سعر لنا ، فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن الله هو المسعر القابض الباسط الرازق، وإني لأرجوا ان القى ربي و ليس أحد منكم يطلبني بمظلمة بدم ولا مال»
The muhaddith (hadith scholar) al-Albani has called it sahih (authentic).
“And Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that in the time of the Prophet ﷺ prices rose, so the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) said: O Messenger of Allah! Fix prices for us. Then the Prophet ﷺ said: Indeed, Allah alone is the One who fixes prices, the One who constricts and expands, and the Provider. And I hope that I will meet my Lord in a state where none of you is demanding anything from me concerning blood or property.”
Pledging (Pawning)
Hadith 34:
«وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها ، قالت: توفي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ودرعه مرهونة عند يهودي بثلاثين صاعا من شعير»
“And Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, his coat of mail was pledged with a Jew for thirty sa’ of barley.”
The Golden Principle of Partnership
Hadith 35:
«عن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه ، رفعه ، قال: إن الله عزوجل يقول: أنا ثالث الشريكين ، ما لم يخن احدهما صاحبه، فإذا خانه خرجت من بينهما»
“And Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates in a marfu’ form that Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: When neither of two partners betrays his companion, I am the third of them, and when one betrays him, I depart from between them.”
The Virtue of Eating What Is Halal
قالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِن طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ وَاشْكُرُوا لِلَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ﴾
Allah the Exalted said: “O you who believe! Eat of the pure things that We have granted you, and give thanks to Allah, if it is Him alone that you worship.”
وَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحًا ۖ إِنِّي بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ﴾
And Allah the Exalted said: “O Messengers! Eat of the pure things and do righteous deeds. Indeed, I am All-Knowing of what you do.”
Hadith 36:
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن الله طيب لا يقبل إلا طيبا، وإن الله امر المؤمنين بما أمر به المرسلين، فقال: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحًا﴾ (المؤمنون: 51) وقال: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِن طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ﴾ (البقرة: 172) ثم ذكر ، الرجل يطيل السفر ، أشعث أغبر ، يمد يديه إلى السماء ، يا رب يا رب و مطعمه حرام ، ومشربه حرام، وملبسه حرام، وغذي بالحرام، فأنى يستجاب لذلك؟»
“And Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Indeed, Allah is pure, and He accepts only what is pure. And Allah commanded the believers with what He commanded the Messengers, so He said: O company of Messengers! Eat of the pure things and do righteous deeds. And Allah the Exalted said: O you who believe! Eat of the pure things that We have granted you. Then he mentioned the man who travels long distances, disheveled and dusty, stretching out his hands to the sky, supplicating: O my Lord! O my Lord! while his food is haram, his drink is haram, his clothing is haram, and he has been nourished with the haram; so how can his supplication be answered?”
Avoiding Doubtful Matters
Hadith 37:
«و عن النعمان بن بشير رضي الله عنه ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: الحلال بين والحرام بين، وبينهما مشتبهات ، لا يعلمهن كثير من الناس ، فمن اتقى الشبهات استبرأ لدينه وعرضه، ومن وقع فى الشبهات وقع فى الحرام ، كالراعي يرعى حول الحمى يوشك أن يرتع فيه ، الا وإن لكل ملك حمى ، الا وإن حمى الله محارمه ، ألا وإن فى الجسد مضغة إذا صلحت صلح الجسد كله، وإذا فسدت فسد الجسد كله، الا و هي القلب»
“And al-Nu’man ibn Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The halal is clear and the haram is clear, and between the two are doubtful matters. Many people do not know them. So whoever avoids the doubtful matters has safeguarded his religion and his honor, and whoever falls into the doubtful matters falls into the haram, like the shepherd who grazes around a protected pasture, and he is about to graze in it. Listen! Indeed, every king has a protected pasture. Listen! Indeed, Allah’s protected pasture is what He has forbidden. Listen! In the body there is a piece of flesh; when it is sound, the whole body is sound, and when it is corrupt, the whole body is corrupt. Remember! It is the heart.”
Granting Respite to the One in Hardship Brings the Shade of the Throne
Hadith 38:
«و عن أبى اليسر رضي الله عنه ، قال: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: من أنظر معسرا أو وضع عنه ، اظله الله فى ظله»
“And Abu al-Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I heard the Prophet ﷺ say: Whoever grants respite to a person in hardship, or forgives his debt, Allah will give him shade in His shade (the shade of the Throne).”
Speaking the Truth in Buying and Selling
Hadith 39:
«وعن حكيم بن حزام رضي الله عنه ، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: البيعان بالخيار ما لم يتفرقا أو قال: حتى يتفرقا فإن صدقا وبينا بورك لهما فى بيعهما ، وإن كتما وكذبا محقت بركة بيعهما»
“And it is narrated from Hakim ibn Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The two parties to a sale (the shopkeeper and the customer) have full option (to continue or cancel the transaction settled between them) for as long as they remain in the sitting. If they speak the truth and keep the transaction entirely clear, their sale is blessed, and if they lie and conceal the defects of the merchandise, the blessing of their sale is removed.”
Condemnation of Deceptively Raising the Bid
Hadith 40:
«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لا يتلقى الركبان لبيع ولا يبع بعضكم على بيع بعض ولا تناجشوا ولا يبع حاضر لباد ولا تصروا الإبل والغنم فمن إبتاعها بعد ذلك فهو بخير النظرين بعد أن يحلبها فإن رضيها أمسكها وإن سخطها ردها وصاعا من تمر»
“And it is narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Caravans should not be met on the road (by going out to them) for the sake of a sale; none of you should sell over the sale of another; do not bid up a price without the intention of buying, merely to raise the price; no city-dweller should sell on behalf of a desert-dweller; and do not withhold the milk of the camel and the goat. Whoever buys them after that has the choice of two things after milking them: if he is pleased with them, he may keep them, and if he dislikes them, he may return them along with a sa’ of dates.”
وصلى الله تعالى على خير خلقه محمد وآله وصحبه أجمعين
