1. Pointing with One Finger During the Khutbah
‘Ammarah ibn Ruwabah (RA) saw Bishr ibn Marwan raising both hands on the minbar during the Friday khutbah. He said:
“May Allah destroy these two hands! The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would only point with his index finger during the khutbah.”
(Muslim 874)
2. Delivering the Khutbah While Standing
The Prophet ﷺ would stand while delivering the khutbah, holding a stick or bow.
(Abu Dawud 1096 – authenticated by Ibn Khuzaymah)
Jabir (RA) said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would give the khutbah standing, then sit, then stand again for the second khutbah. Whoever claims he gave the khutbah sitting has lied.”
(Muslim 862)
Ka‘b ibn ‘Ujrah (RA) objected when he saw ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Umm al-Hakam giving a khutbah sitting down, citing the verse:
(وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًا) – “…and they left you standing.” (al-Jumu‘ah 62:11)
3. Interrupting the Khutbah for a Necessary Matter
While delivering the khutbah, the Prophet ﷺ saw Hasan and Husayn (RA) struggling to walk in red garments. He came down, carried them, and recited:
“Indeed, your wealth and children are but a trial…” (al-Taghabun 64:15)
Then he said he could not be patient seeing them like that.
(Tirmidhi 3774)
4. Prohibition of Sitting Hugging the Knees During the Khutbah
The Prophet ﷺ forbade sitting with knees drawn up (‘ihtibā’) during the khutbah.
(Tirmidhi 514 – graded Hasan)
This posture may cause drowsiness, loss of attention, or exposure of the ‘awrah.
5. Wearing a Black Turban During the Khutbah
The Prophet ﷺ once gave a khutbah wearing a black turban, with its ends hanging between his shoulders.
(Muslim 1359)
6. Prohibition of Pre-Khutbah Gatherings or Lectures
The Prophet ﷺ forbade forming circles or gatherings in the masjid before Jumu‘ah prayer.
(Abu Dawud 1079; Tirmidhi 513 – Hasan, Sahih according to Ibn Khuzaymah)
This means formal speeches or halaqahs before the adhan and khutbah should be avoided.
7. Delivering the Khutbah in a Language People Understand
Shaykh ‘Abdul ‘Aziz ibn Baz (رحمه الله) said:
The purpose of the khutbah is to benefit the listeners, remind them of Allah’s commands, and invite them to obedience. This requires speaking in a language they understand, or providing translation if needed.
(Fatawa Islamiyyah 1/245)
8. The Khateeb Should Also Lead the Prayer
The Permanent Committee (al-Lajnah al-Da’imah) stated:
The Sunnah is that the one who gives the khutbah also leads the Jumu‘ah prayer, as was the practice of the Prophet ﷺ and the Rightly Guided Caliphs.
If another leads due to a valid reason, the prayer is valid, but doing so without necessity is against the Sunnah.
(Fatawa Islamiyyah 1/135)
9. Location of the Jumu‘ah Adhan
The adhan for Jumu‘ah should be given near the minbar.
Sā’ib ibn Yazid (RA) said:
“In the time of the Prophet ﷺ, Abu Bakr, and ‘Umar, the adhan was called when the imam sat on the minbar. During ‘Uthman’s time, when the people increased, an additional adhan was given at al-Zawra’ (marketplace).”
(Bukhari 916)
10. Ruling on the Second Adhan Introduced by ‘Uthman (RA)
The extra adhan introduced in ‘Uthman’s time was an administrative measure, not a new act of worship. It was approved by the Sahabah and is not considered a bid‘ah.
However, introducing multiple adhans inside the masjid before the khutbah without necessity is not correct.
