السنن المأثورة
Sunan al-Shafi'i
باب عقل الجنينChapter. Blood money for a fetus.
باب عقل الجنين
Chapter. Blood money for a fetus.
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
Hadith 593
أَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكٌ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، أَنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ رَمَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى فَطَرَحَتْ جَنِينَهَا ، " فَقَضَى فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ وَلِيدَةٍ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that two women from the tribe of Huzail fought with each other. One struck the other on the (abdomen), causing her pregnancy to miscarry. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that, in this case, a slave man or slave woman should be given as blood money.
Hadith 594
أَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكٌ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " قَضَى فِي الْجَنِينِ يُقْتَلُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ وَلِيدَةٍ " ، فَقَالَ الَّذِي قُضِيَ عَلَيْهِ : وَكَيْفَ أَغْرَمُ مَنْ لا شَرِبَ وَلا أَكَلَ وَلا نَطَقَ وَلا اسْتَهَلَّ وَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ يُطَلُّ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّمَا هَذَا مِنْ إِخْوَانِ الْكُهَّانِ " .
It is narrated from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib, may Allah have mercy on him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gave the ruling that for a fetus killed in the mother's womb, the compensation (diyah) is to be a slave or a slave-girl. The person upon whom the compensation was imposed said: "How can I pay compensation for such a child who neither drank nor ate, neither spoke nor made a sound? How can compensation be due for such a one?" So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Indeed, he is the brother of soothsayers."
Hadith 595
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : أُذَكِّرُ اللَّهَ امْرَأً سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " قَضَى فِي الْجَنِينِ بِشَيْءٍ " ، فَقَامَ حَمَلُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّابِغَةِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كُنْتُ بَيْنَ جَارِيَتَيْنِ لِي يَعْنِي ضَرَّتَيْنِ ، فَقَامَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا إِلَى الأُخْرَى بِمِسْطَحِ عَمُودِ بَيْتِهَا فَضَرَبَتْهَا بِهِ فَقَتَلَتْهَا وَقَتَلَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا ، " فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي جَنِينِهَا بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوِ أَمَةٍ " . فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لَوْ لَمْ نَسْمَعْ هَذَا لَقَضَيْنَا بِغَيْرِهِ .
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reminded the people of Allah and asked: "Has anyone heard any ruling from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding the fetus?" Haml bin Malik bin Nabighah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said, "I had two wives who were co-wives and they fought with each other. One struck the other with a tent pole and killed her, and also killed the child in her womb. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a ruling regarding the child." A slave man or woman should be given in compensation. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Allahu Akbar! If we had not heard this, we would have ruled otherwise."
Hadith 596
أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ الثَّقَفِيُّ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنَ عُرَيْنَةَ قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاجْتَوَوَا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَقَالَ : " لَوْ خَرَجْتُمْ إِلَى ذَوْدٍ لَنَا فَشَرِبْتُمْ مِنْ أَلْبَانِهَا وَأَبْوَالِهَا " ، فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الإِسْلامِ ، وَقَتَلُوا رَاعِيَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاسْتَاقُوا ذَوْدَهُ ، " فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي طَلَبِهِمْ فَقَطَعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ وَسَمَرَ أَعْيُنَهُمْ وَتَرَكَهُمْ فِي الْحَرَّةِ حَتَّى مَاتُوا " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that some people came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, in Madinah, but the climate did not suit them. So the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "If you wish, go to our camels and drink their milk and urine." They did so (and became healthy), but then they apostatized from Islam, killed the shepherd of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and drove away the camels. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent Mujahideen in pursuit of them (who captured them), and their hands and feet were cut off, and hot iron rods were passed over their eyes, then they were thrown in the sun until they died.
Hadith 597
عَنِ الثَّقَةِ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ مِثْلَ مَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَزَادَ فِيهِ أَنَسٌ : فَمَا خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَ هَذَا خُطْبَةً إِلا نَهَى فِيهَا عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ .
In another hadith of Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), there is an addition after this hadith that after this, whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon, he forbade mutilation.
Hadith 598
عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، قَالَ : " مَا سَمَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَيْنًا وَمَا زَادَ أَهْلَ اللِّقَاحِ عَلَى أَنْ قَطَعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ " .
Ja'far bin Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father, who narrates from his father, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not have needles passed through their eyes; he only had their hands and feet cut off.
Hadith 599
عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ ، قَالَ : طُعِنَ رَجُلٌ بِقَرْنٍ فِي رِجْلَهِ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : أَقِدْنِي ، فَقَالَ : " انْتَظِرْ " ، فَعَادَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : " انْتَظِرْ " ، فَعَادَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : " انْتَظِرْ " ، فَعَادَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَأَقَادَهُ فَبَرِئَتْ رِجْلُ الْمُسْتَقَادُ مِنْهُ وَشَلَّتْ رِجْلُ الآخَرِ ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَدْ بَرِئَتْ رِجْلُهُ وَشَلَّتْ رِجْلِي ، قَالَ : " قَدْ قُلْتُ لَكَ : انْتَظِرْ " وَلَمْ يَرَ لَهُ شَيْئًا .
It is narrated from Muhammad bin Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man was wounded on his leg by a horn. He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said, "I want retribution (qisas)." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Wait a little." Then he came again, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) again said, "Be patient for a while." He came again, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Wait a little." Then he came and made the same demand, so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) allowed him to take retribution. The leg of the one from whom retribution was taken became fine, but the leg of the first man became paralyzed. He said, "O Messenger of Allah! His leg has become fine, but mine has become paralyzed." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "I told you to wait a little. Now there is nothing for you (you have taken retribution; if you had been patient, you would have received half the blood money)."
Hadith 600
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ مُطَرِّفِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ الْكُوفِيِّ ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ ، قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِلْمٌ سِوَى الْقُرْآنِ ؟ فَقَالَ : " لا وَالَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَبَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ ، مَا عِنْدَنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْءٌ سِوَى الْقُرْآنِ إِلا أَنْ يُؤْتِيَ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا فَهْمًا فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَمَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ " ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : وَمَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ ؟ قَالَ : " الْعَقْلُ وَفِكَاكُ الأَسِيرِ وَأَنْ لا يُقْتَلَ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ " .
Abu Juhaifah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that I asked Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "Do you have any knowledge from the Prophet besides the Qur'an?" He replied: "No, by Him who split the grain and created the soul, except that Allah grants understanding of His Book to a man, or this written document." I asked, "What is in this document?" He said: "It contains matters of blood money, the freeing of captives, and that no Muslim will be killed in retaliation for a disbeliever."
Hadith 601
أَنْبَأَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي حُسَيْنٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، وَطَاوُسٍ ، وَمُجَاهِدٍ ، وَالْحَسَنِ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ : " لا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ " .
It is narrated from Ata, Tawus, Mujahid, and Hasan (may Allah have mercy on them) that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon on the occasion of the conquest of Makkah and said: "A believer will not be killed in place of a disbeliever."
