السنن المأثورة
Sunan al-Shafi'i
باب ما جاء في الأذانChapter. What has been reported about the call to prayer (adhan).
باب ما جاء في الأذان
Chapter. What has been reported about the call to prayer (adhan).
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Hadith 137
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي صَعْصَعَةَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبِي وَكَانَ نَائِمًا فِي حِجْرِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ : قَالَ لِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ : أَيْ بُنَيَّ إِذَا كُنْتَ فِي هَذِهِ الْبَوَادِي فَارْفَعْ صَوْتَكَ بِالأَذَانِ ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : " لا يَسْمَعُهُ إِنْسٌ وَلا جِنٌّ وَلا حَجَرٌ وَلا شَجَرٌ إِلا شَهِدَ لَهُ " .
It is narrated from Abdur Rahman bin Abi Sa’sa’ah (who was under the care of Sayyiduna Abu Sa’id Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him) that he was sleeping in his lap. He says, Abu Sa’id (may Allah be pleased with him) said to me: “O son! When you are in this wilderness, call the adhan in a loud voice, because I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Whoever—human, jinn, stone, or tree—hears the adhan, will bear witness for the mu’adhdhin on the Day of Resurrection.’”
Hadith 138
أَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ , عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي صَعْصَعَةَ الأَنْصَارِيِّ ثُمَّ الْمَازِنِيِّ , عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ قَالَ لَهُ : " إِنِّي أَرَاكَ تُحِبُّ الْغَنَمَ وَالْبَادِيَةَ فَإِذَا كُنْتَ فِي غَنَمِكَ أَوْ بَادِيَتِكَ فَأَذَّنْتَ لِلصَّلاةِ فَارْفَعْ صَوْتَكَ بِالنِّدَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ لا يَسْمَعُ مُدَى صَوْتِ الْمُؤَذِّنِ جِنٌّ وَلا إِنْسٌ وَلا شَيْءٌ إِلا شَهِدَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ . قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ : سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ الْمُزَنِيَّ يَقُولُ : قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ : يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَالِكٌ أَصَابَ اسْمَ الرَّجُلِ .
It is narrated from Abdur Rahman bin Abi Sa’sa’ah (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Abu Sa’id (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I see that you like sheep and the desert. So when you are among your sheep or in the desert, then when you call the adhan for prayer, call it in a loud voice! Because whatever jinn, human, or anything else hears the voice of the muezzin, as far as the voice reaches, it will bear witness in favor of the muezzin on the Day of Resurrection.” Sayyiduna Abu Sa’id (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I heard this from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).” Imam Shafi’i (may Allah have mercy on him) says it is possible that Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned the man’s name correctly.
Hadith 139
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ , عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ ، عَنْ مَيْمُونَةَ ، قَالَتْ : " كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي فِي مِرْطٍ بَعْضُهُ عَلَيَّ وَبَعْضُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ " .
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyidah Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray (at night), and a part of the sheet would be on the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and a part of it would be on me, even though I would be in the state of menstruation.
Hadith 140
أَنْبَأَنَا أَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ , عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ : " كُنْتُ أُرَجِّلُ رَأْسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ " .
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that I used to comb the hair of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) while I was in the state of menstruation.
Hadith 141
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ : " كُنْتُ أُرَجِّلُ رَأْسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ " .
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): "I used to comb the hair of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) while I was in the state of menstruation."
Hadith 142
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، قَالَتْ : " كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُعْتَكِفًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَأَخْرَجَ إِلَيَّ رَأْسَهُ فَغَسَلْتُهُ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ .
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would be observing i'tikaf in the mosque and would extend his blessed head towards my room, and I would wash it while I was in the state of menstruation."
Hadith 143
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ، يَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " إِذَا حَضَرَ الْعَشَاءُ وَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاةُ فَابْدَءُوا بِالْعَشَاءِ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: When the evening meal is served and the prayer is established, then eat the food first.
Hadith 144
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " إِذَا وُضِعَ الْعَشَاءُ وَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاةُ فَابْدَءُوا بِالْعَشَاءِ " . حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ الْمُزَنِيَّ يَقُولُ : قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ : أُمِرَ النَّاسُ بِحُضُورِ الصَّلاةِ فِي الْجَمَاعَةِ لِفَضْلِ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَلَى الانْفِرَادِ وَرُخِّصَ فِي التَّخَلُّفِ عَنِ الْجَمَاعَةِ لِمَعْنًى وَذَلِكَ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ عَشَاءُ أَحَدِهِمْ وَتُقَامَ الصَّلاةُ أَوْ تُقَامَ الصَّلاةُ وَهُوَ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى الْوُضُوءِ حَاجَةً حَاضِرَةً وَقَدْ نُهِيَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ وَهُوَ يُدَافِعُ الأَخْبَثَيْنِ الْغَائِطَ وَالْبَوْلَ وَلَوْ صَلَّى أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ صَلاتُهُ وَلَكِنَّهُ مُرَخَّصٌ لَهُ لِلْعُذْرِ فِي تَرْكِ الْجَمَاعَةِ وَمَحْبُوبٌ لَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الصَّلاةَ لا شَاغِلَ لِقَلْبِهِ عَنْهَا وَلا مُعَجِّلَ لَهُ عَنْ إِكْمَالِهَا وَالأَغْلَبُ مِمَّا يَعْرِفُ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ إِذَا دَخَلَهَا وَبِهِ حَاجَةٌ إِلَى تَعْجِيلِ قَضَاءِ الْحَاجَةِ كَادَ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ أَمْرَيْنِ الْعَجَلَةَ عَنِ الإِكْمَالِ وَالشُّغُلَ عَنِ الإِقْبَالِ وَقَدْ يُخَافُ هَذَا عَلَى مَنْ حَضَرَ عَشَاؤُهُ لِحَاجَةِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الْمَطْعَمِ وَتَوَقَانِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ إِلَيْهِ وَلاسِيَّمَا أَهْلِ الصَّوْمِ وَالْحَاجَةِ إِلَى الْمَأْكَلِ .
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حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ أَعْيَنَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يُحَدِّثُ ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاةُ وَأَحَدُكُمْ صَائِمٌ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْعَشَاءِ قَبْلَ صَلاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ وَلا تَعْجَلُوا عَنْ عَشَائِكُمْ " .
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حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا بَحْرُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ، وَيُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ، أَنَّ ابْنَ شِهَابٍ ، أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " إِذَا قُرِّبَ الْعَشَاءُ وَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلاةُ فَابْدَءُوا بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُصَلُّوا الْمَغْرِبَ " .
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When the night meal is served and the Isha prayer is established, then eat the night meal first.” Abu Ja’far says: Muhammad bin Idris Shafi’i (may Allah have mercy on him) states that people were commanded to pray in congregation because of its superiority over praying alone, and permission to miss the congregation was also given for a specific reason (which is mentioned ahead), and that if the night meal arrives and the prayer is established (then there is a concession), or if there is a need for ablution, such as the urge to urinate, then it is prohibited to pray in that state. However, if one does pray in these conditions, the prayer will be valid, but the concession is given due to the excuse. The preferred thing is to pray when there is no tension, the heart is not distracted elsewhere, and there is no haste, rather (the prayer should be performed in the most complete and peaceful manner). It is generally known that when people pray in a state of tension, they pray hastily and their mind and heart are elsewhere. This is the same condition of one who comes to prayer leaving his food, especially a fasting person who has been hungry all day and is in severe need of food (i.e., all these things distract from prayer, whereas prayer is the name of tranquility and attention).
