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سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب السيرFrom the Book of Expeditions
باب في اسْتِبْرَاءِ الأَمَةِ:Chapter: Waiting Period for a Captive Woman
Hadith 2513
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاق، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَرْزُوقٍ مَوْلًى لِتُجِيبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي حَنَشٌ الصَّنْعَانِيُّ، قَالَ: غَزَوْنَا الْمَغْرِبَ وَعَلَيْنَا رُوَيْفِعُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَافْتَتَحْنَا قَرْيَةً يُقَالُ لَهَا: جَرْبَةَ، فَقَامَ فِينَا رُوَيْفِعُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ خَطِيبًا، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَا أَقُومُ فِيكُمْ إِلَّا بما سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَامَ فِينَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ حِينَ افْتَتَحْنَاهَا، فَقَالَ: "مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ، فَلَا يَأْتِيَنَّ شَيْئًا مِنَ السَّبْيِ حَتَّى يَسْتَبْرِئَهَا".
Hanash al-San‘ani narrated: We fought jihad in the West and our commander was Sayyiduna Ruwayfi‘ bin Thabit al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him). We conquered a village called Jarbah. Then Sayyiduna Ruwayfi‘ bin Thabit al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) stood among us as a preacher and said: I am standing among you because I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: When we conquered Khaybar, he stood among us and said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should not have intercourse with captive women until she has had a menstrual cycle (to ensure she is not pregnant).”
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 2512)
By "istibra’" is meant the cleansing of the womb.
The meaning is that it is not permissible to have intercourse with a married woman (who has become a captive) until she has experienced one menstrual cycle; after that, intercourse is permissible.
This is to ensure that the captive woman is not pregnant, because it is not permissible to have intercourse with a pregnant woman.
It is narrated in Abu Dawud: «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِىءٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْقٰى مَاءَهُ زَرْعَ غَيْرِهِ (يعني إتيان الحبلى). [أبوداؤد فى النكاح ، باب وطى السبايا]»
From this hadith, it is understood that the previous marriage of women captured in war is annulled by their captivity; if she is pregnant, then after childbirth, and if she is not pregnant, then after one menstrual cycle, it is permissible to enjoy intimacy with her. It is not necessary that she be a Muslim. After the official distribution, whichever slave woman comes into someone’s share, he may enjoy her in exactly the same way as he enjoys his lawfully wedded wife.
(Mubarakpuri rahimahullah).
By "istibra’" is meant the cleansing of the womb.
The meaning is that it is not permissible to have intercourse with a married woman (who has become a captive) until she has experienced one menstrual cycle; after that, intercourse is permissible.
This is to ensure that the captive woman is not pregnant, because it is not permissible to have intercourse with a pregnant woman.
It is narrated in Abu Dawud: «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِىءٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْقٰى مَاءَهُ زَرْعَ غَيْرِهِ (يعني إتيان الحبلى). [أبوداؤد فى النكاح ، باب وطى السبايا]»
From this hadith, it is understood that the previous marriage of women captured in war is annulled by their captivity; if she is pregnant, then after childbirth, and if she is not pregnant, then after one menstrual cycle, it is permissible to enjoy intimacy with her. It is not necessary that she be a Muslim. After the official distribution, whichever slave woman comes into someone’s share, he may enjoy her in exactly the same way as he enjoys his lawfully wedded wife.
(Mubarakpuri rahimahullah).
