This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A'mash with the same chain of transmitters, but (these words) are not there: "They pass through the religion clean as the arrow passes through the prey."

'Ubaida narrated from 'Ali that he made a mention of the Khwarij (and in this connection) said that there would be a person among them with a defective hand. (or with a short hand) or a fleshy hand. If you were to exercise restraint, I would tell you what Allah has promised to those who would kill them on the order of Muhammad (ﷺ) . I (the narrator) said to him: Did you hear it from Muhammad: (ﷺ) ? He (Hadrat 'Ali) said: Yes, by the Lord of the Ka’bah; Yes, by the Lord of the Ka’bah; yes, by the Lord of the Ka’bah.

Yusair bin 'Amr reported that he inquired of Sahl bin Hunaif: Did you hear the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) making a mention of the Khwarij? He said: I heard him say (and he pointed with his hand towards the east) that these would be a people who would recite the Qur'an with their tongues and it would not go beyond their collar bones. They would pass clean through their religion just as the arrow passes through the prey.

Sahl bin Hunaif reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying: There would arise from the east a people with shaven heads.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Shu'bahh with the same chain of transmitters (and the words of the Holy Prophet) are: "Sadaqa is not permissible for us."

This hadith has been narrated by Zuhri with the same chain of trainsmitters.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A'isha through another chain of transmitters.

Jarir bin 'Abdullah said: 'When the collector of sadaqaht (Zakat) comes to you, (you should see) that he goes away pleased with you.

Ibn 'Umar (RA) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) made a mention of Ramadan and he with the gesture of his hand said: The month is thus and thus. (He then withdrew his thumb at the third time). He then said: Fast when you see it, and break your fast when you see it, and if the weather is cloudy calculate it (the months of Sha'ban and Shawwal) as thirty days.

Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying: We are an unlettered people who can neither write nor count. The month is thus, and thus folding his thumb when he said it the third time.

Abu Hurairah (RA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (may peace he upon him) made a mention of the new moon and (in this connection) said: Observe fast when you see it (the new moon) and break fast when you see it (the new moon of Shawwal), but when (the actual position of the month is) concealed from you (on account of cloudy sky), then count thirty days.

Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Do not observe fast for a day, or two days ahead of Ramadan except a person who is in the habit of observing a particular fast; he may fast on that day.

Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (RA) said that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) struck his hand against the other and (then with the gesture of his two hands) said: The month is thus, thus (two times). He then withdrew (one of) his fingers at the third turn.

Abu'l-Bakhtari reported: We went out to perform 'Umrah and when we encamped in the valley of Nakhla, we tried to see the new moon. Some of the people said: It was three nights old, and others (said) that it was two nights old. We then met Ibn 'Abbas and told him we had seen the new moon, but that some of the people said it was three nights old and others that it was two nights old. He asked on which night we had seen it; and when we told him we had seen it on such and such night, he said the Prophet (ﷺ) of Allah (ﷺ) had said: Verily Allah deferred it till the time it is seen, so it is to be reckoned from the night you saw it.

Abu'l-Bakhtari reported: We saw the new moon of Ramadan as we were at Dhit-i-'Irq. We sent a man to Ibn Abbas (RA) (Allah be pleased with both of them) to ask him (whether the sighting of a small moon had something of the nature of defect in it). Upon this Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with both of them) said that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had said: Verily Allah deferred its sight, but if (the new moon) is hidden from you, then, complete its number (thirty).

'Abd ar-Rahman bin Abu Bakra (RA) reported on the authority of Abu Bakra (RA) that the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) had said: The months of 'Id are not incomplete. And in the hadith narrated by Khalid (the words are):" The months, of 'Id are Ramadan and Dhu'l-Hijjah."

'Adi bin Hatim (RA) reported that when (this verse) was revealed: "Until the white streak of the dawn becomes distinct from the dark streak" (ii. 187) Adi bin Hatim said: Messenger of Allah, verily I keep underneath my pillow two strings, one white and the other black, by which I distinguish night from dawn. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Your pillow seems to be very large. For the word khait implies the blackness of the night and the whiteness of the dawn.

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of 'Ubaidullah on the two chains of transmitters.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Sulaiman Taimi with the same chain of transmitters and, at the end, it was said that the first Adhan was meant to awaken those who were in slumber amongst them and in order to make them turn who stand in (prayer) among them (towards food at the commencement of the fast). Jarir (one of the narrators) said that the Messenger (ﷺ) did not say like this but he said like it (true dawn) that the streaks of (true dawn) are horizontal and not vertical.

Musa bin 'Ali has narrated this hadith through the same chain of transmitters.

Zaid bin Thabit (RA) said: We took meal shortly before dawn along with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) . We then stood up for prayer. I said: How much span of time was there between the two (acts, i. e. taking of Sahri and observing of prayer)? He said (a span of reciting) fifty verses.

Ibn Abi Aufa (RA) reported: We were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on a journey. When the sun sank he said to a person: Get down and prepare barley meal for us. Upon this he said: Messenger of Allah, let there be dusk. (He the Holy Prophet) said: Get down and prepare barley meal for us. He (the person) said: There is still (the light of) day upon us. (But) he got down (in obedience to the command of the Holy Prophet) and prepared a barley meal for him and he (the Holy Prophet) drank that (liquid meal) and then said: When you see the night approaching from that side (west) (and he pointed towards the east with his hand), then the observer of the fast should break it.

Ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed fasts uninterruptedly in Ramadan and the people (in his wake) did this. But he forbade them to do so. It was said to him (to the Holy Prophet): You yourself observe the fasts uninterruptedly (but you forbid us to do so). Upon this he said: I am not like you; I am fed and supplied drink (by Allah).

'A'isha reported: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to kiss me while observing fast; and who among you can control his desire as the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) could control his desire.

'Urwa bin Zubair narrated that 'A'isha the Mother of the Believers (Allah be pleased with her) informed him that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) kissed her while fasting.

'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to kiss her during the month of fasting.

Hafsa (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) kissed (his wives) while fasting.

A hadith like this has been narrated by Hafsa (Allah be pleased with her) through another chain of transmitters.

Abu Hurairah (RA) reported that a person came to the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) and said: Messenger of Allah, I am undone. He (the Holy Prophet) said: What has brought about your ruin? He said: I have had intercourse with my wife during the month of Ramadan. Upon this he (the Holy prophet) said: Can you find a slave to set him free? He said: NO. He (the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) again) said: Can you observe fast for two consecutive months? He said: No. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Can you provide food to sixty poor people? He said: No. He then sat down and (in the meanwhile) there was brought to the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) a basket which contained dates. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Give these (dates) in charity. He (the man) said: Am I to give to one who is poorer than I? There is no family poorer than mine between the two lava plains of Madinah. The Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) laughed so that his molar teeth became visible and said: Go and give it to your family to eat.

This hadith is narrated on the authority of Zuhri with the same chain of transmitters. Yahya (one of the narrators) said that Sufyan (the narrator) had stated: I do not know whose statement it is: "It is the last word of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) which is accepted as (final as it abrogates the previous ones)."

Jabir bin 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that in the course of a journey Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw a man, people crowding around him and providing him a shade. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: What is the matter with him? They said: He is a person observing fast. Whereupon the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: It is no righteousness that you fast on journey.

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Qatada with the same chain of transmitters by different narrators (except this difference) that in the hadith transmitted by Taimi and Umar bin Amir and Hisham (the date of setting out is) 18th, and in the hadith transmitted by Sa'id it is the 12th, and in the one transmitted by Shu'bah it is the 17th or 19th.

Abu Khalid al-Ahmar narrated from Humaid who said: I went out and was fasting; they said to me: Break (it go back, repeat). He said that Anas reported that the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to set out on a journey and neither the observer of the fast found fault with the breaker of the fast, nor the breaker of the fast found fault with the observer of the fast. (One of the narrators Humaid said): I met Ibn Abi Mulaikahh who informed me the same thing on the authority of 'A'isha.

Anas (RA) reported: We were with the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) on a journey. Some of us had been observing the fast and some of us had not been fasting. We got down at a place on a hot day. Most of us had the cloth for shelter. There were also those amongst us who sheltered themselves against the rays of the sun with the help of their hands. The observers of the fast fell down (on account of weakness). Those who had not observed it got up and pitched tents and watered the mounts. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: The breakers of the fast have taken away the reward today.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Hisham with the same chain of transmitters that Hamza said: I am a person much used to fasting. Should I fast during the journey? (The rest of the hadith is the same.)

This hadith is narrated on the authority of Hisham with the same chain of transmitters, but he made no mention in the first part of the hadith that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to observe fast, and said about the second part that he abandoned the (fast) of Ashura, and he who wished observed the fast and who wished otherwise abandoned it, and he did not hold it as the words of the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) as mentioned in the narration transmitted by Jarir.

Abdullah bin 'Umar (RA) reported that the Arabs of pre-Islamic days used to observe fast on the day of Ashura and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed it and the Muslims too (observed it) before fasting in Ramadan became obligatory. But when it became obligatory, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Ashura is one of the days of Allah, so he who wished should observe fast and he who wished otherwise should abandon it.

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Ubaidullah through the same chain of transmitters.

Abdul Rahman bin Yazid said: When al-Ash'ath bin Qais entered the house of 'Abdullah he was having his breakfast. He ('Abdullah bin 'Umar (RA) said: Abu Muhammad (al-Asha'th), came near to the breakfast. Thereupon he said: Is not today the Day of 'Ashura? He ('Abdul Rahman) said: Do you know what the Day of 'Ashura is? He said: What is it? He said: It is a day on which the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used To observe fast before the (fasting) in the month of Ramadan became obligatory. But when it became obligatory the (fasting of 'Ashura) was abandoned (as compulsory). Abu Kuraib said: He (the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) abandoned it.

Qais b. Sakan reported that al-Ash'ath bin Qais went to 'Abdullah on the day of 'Ashura while he was eating. He said: Abu Muhammad, come near and dine. Upon this he said: I am fasting. Thereupon he said: We used to observe fast and then (this practice) was abandoned.