Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

Hazrat Anas (regarding the Qur’anic verse) {إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَک فَتْحًا مُبِینًا } states that this refers to the victory of Khaybar.

Hazrat Iyas bin Salamah narrates that my father informed me that my uncle challenged Marhab the Jew to single combat on the day of Khaybar. Marhab said:
Verse translation: "Khaybar (the land) knows that I am Marhab. Armed, an experienced warrior. When battles come, they blaze with fire."
Upon this, my uncle recited this verse:
Verse translation: "Indeed, Khaybar (the land) knows me, that I am ‘Amir. Armed and a brave son who risks his life."
Then both began striking at each other. Marhab’s sword struck Hazrat ‘Amir’s shield, causing Hazrat ‘Amir’s own sword to rebound onto his shin, cutting his vein. Hazrat Salamah says: I met the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and they said: ‘Amir’s deeds are wasted; he has killed himself. Hazrat Salamah says: I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) weeping and said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Have ‘Amir’s deeds been wasted? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Who said this? I replied: Some of your companions. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever said this has lied. Rather, for him is a double reward.
When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out for Khaybar, Hazrat ‘Amir was reciting rajaz poetry to the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was among them. Hazrat ‘Amir was urging the mount forward and saying:
Verse: "By Allah! If Allah had not guided us, we would not have given charity nor prayed. Surely those who have rebelled against us, when they intend mischief, we reject them. We cannot do without Your grace, so if we meet (the enemy), keep us steadfast and send down tranquility upon us."
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Who is this? Someone replied: ‘Amir, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: May your Lord forgive you. The narrator says: Whoever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) specifically prayed for forgiveness, that person was martyred.
When Hazrat ‘Umar ibn Khattab heard this, he said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Why did you not let us benefit more from ‘Amir? Then Hazrat ‘Amir stood up (in response to the challenge in the battlefield) and was martyred.
6. Hazrat Salamah says: Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me to Hazrat ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: Today I will give the flag to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger... or he said... whom Allah and His Messenger love. Salamah says: So I brought Hazrat ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) while he was suffering from an eye ailment. The narrator says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) applied his blessed saliva to his eye, then gave him the flag.
Marhab came out, swinging his sword up and down, saying: "Indeed, the people of Khaybar know me, that I am Marhab, an armed, experienced warrior. When battles advance, I blaze with fire."
Hazrat ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) replied:
Verse: "I am the one whose mother named me Haydar (lion). I am fierce like the lion of the jungle, and I measure up to the enemies with full measure."
Then Hazrat ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) split Marhab’s head with his sword (into two parts), and this victory was achieved at the hands of Hazrat ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).

Hazrat Jubair bin Mut’im narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed the share of Dhul Qurba from the spoils of Khaybar among Banu Hashim and Banu Abdul Muttalib. The narrator says: So I and Hazrat Usman bin Affan went out until we presented ourselves before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and we said: O Messenger of Allah! No one can deny the excellence of your Banu Hashim brothers, which Allah has granted by sending you among them. But what do you say about our brothers from Banu Abdul Muttalib? You have given them a little more than us, even though we and they are equal in lineage. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: They have never left us, neither in the state of Islam nor in the state of ignorance.

It is narrated from Hazrat Anas that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would not attack (any settlement) until morning had come and he had listened. If the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) heard the sound of the call to prayer (adhan), he would stop, and if he did not hear the sound of the adhan, he would attack (the settlement). The narrator says: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived in the region of Khaybar, the people had come out of their forts and had spread out in their fields. They had with them baskets, axes, and spades, etc. When they saw the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), they exclaimed, “Muhammad and the army!” The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah is the Greatest. Khaybar is destroyed. When we descend upon the territory of a people, then the morning of those who have been warned is very evil.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fought with them until Allah Almighty granted him victory, and he distributed the spoils of war. Safiyyah came into the share of Hazrat Dihyah Kalbi. So it was said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that a beautiful slave woman had come into the share of Hazrat Dihyah Kalbi. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) bought her from him in exchange for seven slaves and sent her to Hazrat Umm Sulaym so that she might prepare her. The narrator says: To my knowledge, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said that she should observe her waiting period (iddah) with her. Then, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to depart from there, people began to say: It is not known whether the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has taken Safiyyah as a captive or has married her? When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mounted (his camel), he made Safiyyah sit behind him with a veil. Then the people set out until, when they neared Madinah, the people made their animals run fast… It was their custom that when they returned (from a journey) and neared Madinah, they would do so. The camel of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stumbled, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fell and Safiyyah also fell. The wives of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) were waiting and watching. They said, “May Allah distance and destroy this Jewess (Safiyyah).” Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) veiled Safiyyah and made her ride (the camel).

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Talha that on the day of Khaybar, I was sitting behind the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When we reached (Khaybar), those people had come out (to their fields) with their spades. When they saw us, they said, "Muhammad! By God! Muhammad and the army?" The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah is the Greatest! When we descend into the courtyard of a people, then the morning of those who have been warned becomes very evil."

It is narrated from Hazrat Aamir that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) leased a portion of Khyber, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Ibn Rawahah at the time of distribution and gave them the choice.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Buraidah Aslami narrates from his father that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) encamped in the region of Khaybar, the people of Khaybar became alarmed and began saying, "Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) has come with the people of Yathrib." The narrator says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Umar bin Khattab with a few people; they met the people of Khaybar, but the people of Khaybar turned them and their companions back. So they returned to the service of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in such a state that Umar was calling his companions cowards, and his companions were calling him a coward. The narrator says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Tomorrow I will give the flag to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah and His Messenger love him." The narrator says: When the next day came, Abu Bakr and Umar both hoped to receive the flag. The narrator says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). At that time, Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was suffering from an eye ailment. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) applied his saliva to his eye and handed him the standard. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) set out with the people. The narrator states: Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) confronted the people of Khaybar, and when he faced Marhab the Khaybari, Marhab was reciting this rajaz (poetic boast): "Indeed, the people of Khaybar know that I am Marhab, armed and experienced, a brave man. When lions advance, I become like a flame, sometimes fighting with the spear, sometimes with the sword." The narrator states: Then Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and Marhab clashed, and Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) struck his skull with the sword in such a way that the sword cut from his skull down to his molars. And the sound of his blow was heard by the entire army. Allah Almighty granted victory to the vanguard of the Muslim army.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Saeed that we set out with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, from Makkah towards Khaybar while twelve days of Ramadan remained. Some of the companions of the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, kept the fast and some did not. But the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, did not reproach anyone.

Hazrat Hakam narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, included Hazrat Ja'far and his companions in the distribution on the day of Khaybar, even though these people had not participated in the Battle of Khaybar.

Narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira that Hazrat Umar states that the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tomorrow I will give the flag to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger. Allah the Exalted will grant victory through him." Hazrat Umar says, "I never desired leadership except on that day." Then when the next day (the promised day) came, I began to rise up to be seen. Hazrat Umar says, "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)! Stand up, go and fight. Do not turn your attention anywhere until Allah grants you victory (by your hand).'" So Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) turned his face, but he disliked turning back. He submitted, "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! On what grounds should I fight these disbelievers?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Fight until they say: 'There is no god but Allah.' When they say this, their wealth and their blood will be protected except in the case of a rightful claim."

Hazrat Abdur Rahman bin Abi Laila narrates from his father: Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "O Abu Laila! Were you not with us at Khaybar?" I replied, "Why not! By Allah, I was indeed with you." (Then) Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Hazrat Abu Bakr, and he went forth with the people (towards the field), but he retreated and came back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Hazrat Umar, and he too retreated with the people, until he came back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Upon this, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, '(Now) I will give this flag to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah and His Messenger love him. Allah Almighty will grant victory at his hands. He is not one to flee.' Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says... Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent a man to me and called me. I presented myself before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in a state where I was suffering from an eye ailment and I could not see anything. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me the flag. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! (How are you giving this to me?) when I have an eye ailment and I cannot see anything.' Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says, 'The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) applied his saliva to my eyes, then he prayed, "O Allah! Protect him from cold and heat."' Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says, 'After that, cold or heat never caused me any pain.'"

It is narrated from Abu Marzuq, the slave of Tajeeb, that we fought a battle towards the west with Ruwaifi’ bin Thabit Ansari. And we conquered a settlement ... which was called Jarbah ... The narrator says: Among us, a preacher stood up and said, “I will tell you only what I heard from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and he told us this on the day of Khaybar. (That is:) ‘Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should not irrigate another's crop with his water, and he should not sell anything from the spoils before its distribution. Nor should he ride any animal from the Muslims' property of fay' such that when the animal becomes weak, he returns it to the property of fay'. Nor should he wear any cloth from the Muslims’ property of fay’ in such a way that when he wears it out, he returns it to the property of fay’.’”

It is narrated from Hazrat Umar bin Khattab that it was the time of the Battle of Khaybar and a group of the Companions of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to him and they began to say, "So-and-so is a martyr, so-and-so is a martyr," until they came to a certain man and said, "(He), so-and-so, is also a martyr." Upon this, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Never! I have seen that man in Hell because of the cloak or the garment which he committed خیانت (treachery/dishonesty) from the spoils of war." Then the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Ibn Khattab! Go and announce among the people that only a person of Iman (faith) will enter Paradise." Hazrat Umar says: So I went out from there and made the announcement that only a person of Iman (faith) will enter Paradise.

Hazrat Hashraj bin Ziyad Ashja'i narrates from his grandmother that she participated in jihad on the day of Khaybar with the Noble Prophet, along with six women (peace and blessings be upon him). Then this matter reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), so the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent a messenger to us and asked, "On whose instruction did you go out (for jihad)?" We sensed anger in your (peace and blessings be upon him) question, so we said, "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! We have come out (for jihad) and we have medicines with us through which we will treat (the wounded). And we will hand over arrows, and give sattu to drink, and we will recite poetry through which we will aid (the fighters) in the way of Allah." Upon this, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Then remain (here)." Then, when Allah Almighty granted victory in the battle of Khaybar, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us a share just as he gave a share to the men.

Hazrat Umair, the freedman of Abu Al-Lahm, narrates that I was present at the battle of Khaybar and I was a slave. When the Companions conquered Khaybar, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted me a sword and said: Hang this sword. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me a gift from the spoils, but did not give me my full share.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Musa. He says that three days after the conquest of Khaybar, we presented ourselves before the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he kept a share for us in the distribution (of spoils). Apart from us, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give a share to anyone who had not participated in this conquest.

It is narrated from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Khaybar, people slaughtered donkeys and were boiling them in pots when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Abu Talha, and he made an announcement: "Indeed, Allah and His Messenger have forbidden you from eating the meat of domesticated donkeys, for they are impure." So (upon hearing this) the pots were overturned.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Mughaffal that on the day of the Battle of Khaybar, I was informed about a bag of fat. Abdullah says: I clung to it and said, "I will not give anything from it to anyone." Abdullah says: Then I turned around and saw that the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was standing and smiling. I felt very ashamed (because of this).

Hazrat Abdullah bin Abi Salit narrates from his father Abi Salit … and his father was a Badri companion … he says that the prohibition of eating domesticated donkey from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) reached us while the meat was boiling in the pots … Abi Salit says … so we turned the pots upside down.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Umamah that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of the Battle of Khaybar forbade eating domesticated donkeys and forbade eating any predatory animal with fangs. He also forbade intercourse with a pregnant woman before she gives birth, and forbade selling a share of war booty before it has been distributed. He forbade selling fruit before its goodness becomes apparent. And on that day, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) cursed the woman who adds hair and the one who has hair added, and likewise cursed the woman who tattoos and the one who gets tattooed, and cursed the woman who scratches her face and the one who tears her collar.

It is narrated from Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah that on the day of the Battle of Khaybar, the people were overcome by (severe) hunger. The people caught domesticated donkeys, slaughtered them, and filled their pots with their meat. When this news reached the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Hazrat Jabir states that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered us, so we overturned the pots. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah Almighty will soon provide you with sustenance that is more lawful and pure than this." So we overturned those pots while they were still boiling. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on that day declared the meat of domesticated donkeys and mules to be forbidden, and likewise, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) declared every predatory animal with fangs to be forbidden, and every bird that hunts with its talons to be forbidden. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) declared mujaththama (a goat killed by being pelted with stones), snatched things, and looted things to be forbidden.

It is narrated from Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out towards Khaybar. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) reached Khaybar, he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Hazrat Umar and some people with him towards the city or fortress of the people of Khaybar. They went and fought with them. But soon this group of Muslims... Hazrat Umar and his companions... retreated. So Hazrat Umar, blaming his companions and his companions blaming Hazrat Umar for cowardice, returned (to the service of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked this and said, "Now I will surely send towards the Jews such a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah and His Messenger also love him. He will continue to fight with them until Allah grants victory at his hands. He will not be one who flees." (Hearing this) many people became desirous of this and began to stretch their necks, waiting to see whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would refer to. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent for a while, then said: "Where is Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)?" The people said, "He is suffering from an eye ailment." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Call him to me." When I was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) opened my eyes and applied his blessed saliva to them. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me the flag. I took the flag and ran quickly, fearing that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) might have a thought about me or about someone else. Until I reached the enemies and fought with them. Marhab, the Jew, came out reciting boastful verses for single combat, so I too came out reciting boastful verses in response for single combat. Then we clashed, and Allah caused him to be killed at my hands. His companions retreated and took refuge in the fortress; they closed the gate. We reached the gate, and I kept striking the gate until Allah opened it.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira that the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Today I will give the flag into the hand of such a man whom Allah and His Messenger love." Upon this, people began to rise up and look (in anticipation). The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Where is Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)?" People said: "He has a complaint in his eye." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, called Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), spat on his own palms, and applied them to Hazrat Ali's eye. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, handed the flag to Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). Thus, Allah Almighty granted victory at the hands of Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) on that very day.

Hazrat Umar narrates that if it were not for the rule that the rear part of the army should not receive anything, then whenever the Muslims conquered a settlement of the disbelievers, I would have distributed it among the Muslims in shares, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed Khaybar among the Muslims in shares. But I wish that a principle should continue among the Muslims. And I dislike that nothing should be given to those who come later.

It is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that on the day of Khaybar, a man captured a woman and made her ride behind him. The woman argued with the man over the hilt of his sword, so the man killed the woman. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw the woman (who had been killed) and said: Who has killed this woman? The people informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the killing of women.

It is narrated from Abdullah bin Ka'b bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade the army which he sent to kill Ibn Abi al-Huqaiq in Khaybar from killing women and children.