Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

Hazrat Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever kills (in a lawful manner), then the property of the slain will belong to the killer.

Hazrat Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever kills (in battle), then the belongings of the slain will belong to the killer.

Hazrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said on the day of the Battle of Hunayn: Whoever kills a man, then the belongings of the slain will belong to him. Thus, Hazrat Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) killed twenty men that day and took their belongings.

Hazrat Muhammad bin Ubaidullah, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates that Hazrat Saeed bin Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: When it was the day of the Battle of Badr, I killed Saeed bin Aas and took his sword, and the name of his sword was Dhul-Kateefah. And he, may Allah be pleased with him, said: My brother Umair was also killed. So I took the sword and came to the service of the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Go and put this sword in the seized spoils of war. So I returned, and what was in my heart regarding the killing of my brother and taking the property of the slain, no one knows except Allah. I had stayed only a short while when Surah Al-Anfal was revealed. And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, called me and said: Go and take your sword.

Hazrat Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) went to Iraq for battle. Upon this, Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: I have received news that you confronted a landowner. He replied: Yes! Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was surprised at this, and he (may Allah be pleased with him) gave him the property of the slain as an extra.

Hazrat Aswad bin Qais (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Shabir bin Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: On the day of the Battle of Qadisiyyah, I fought against a man from among the non-Arabs and I killed him and took his belongings. Then I came to Hazrat Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him), and Hazrat Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed his companions and said: This is Shabir’s property. And it is better than twelve thousand dirhams. And indeed, we have given this property to him as an extra share.

Hazrat Isa bin Yunus (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Hazrat Ibn Aun and Hazrat Hisham, both of them, and Hazrat Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him, may Allah have mercy on him). Hazrat Ibn Aun said that Hazrat Bara bin Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) fought, and Hazrat Hisham (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Hazrat Bara bin Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) attacked the Marzban of Zarah on the day of the battle of Zarah, and he (may Allah be pleased with him) struck him with a spear which pierced the raised edge of his saddle, and he died, and he (may Allah be pleased with him) took his bracelets and belt. He (may Allah be pleased with him) says that when we returned, Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) led the morning prayer, then he (may Allah be pleased with him) came to us and asked, "Is Abu Talha here?" Meanwhile, Hazrat Abu Talha came to him (may Allah be pleased with him), so he (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Indeed, we do not take khums from the wealth of the slain. But the belongings of Bara's slain were a great amount of wealth, so he (may Allah be pleased with him) took khums from it, which amounted to six thousand, because its total value was thirty thousand." Imam Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to me: "This was the first spoils taken from a slain person in Islam from which khums was taken."

Hazrat Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: No khums (one-fifth) was taken from the spoils seized from a slain enemy. The very first khums taken from the belongings of a slain enemy in Islam was from the goods of the one killed by Hazrat Bara bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). This happened when he (may Allah be pleased with him) attacked the marzban of Zarah and struck him with a spear, which pierced one end of his saddle. Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) approached him and cut off his belt and bracelets and took them. He (may Allah be pleased with him) says that when we returned to Madinah Munawwarah, Hazrat Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) led the morning prayer. Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) came to us, greeted us, and asked: Is Abu Talhah here? He replied: Yes, I am. And he came out to Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Upon this, Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We do not take khums from the spoils seized from a slain enemy. And indeed, the goods of the one slain by Bara are a great amount. Surely, I will take its khums. So he (may Allah be pleased with him) called the appraisers, and they valued it at thirty thousand. He (may Allah be pleased with him) took six thousand from it.

Hazrat Abu Qatadah Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever kills someone, then the property of the slain will belong to the killer. He (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I submitted, O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)! I killed a man who had a lot of belongings, then the battle kept me busy with him. I do not know who took his belongings? A man from Makkah said, O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)! He has spoken the truth: indeed, he killed a man, so I took his belongings. Now please make him pleased with me. Hazrat Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: No, by Allah! The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) will not do so. Will you distribute the property of one of Allah’s lions among others? Upon this, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Abu Bakr has spoken the truth: you must give his belongings to him.

Hazrat Iyas bin Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Hazrat Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I confronted a man and I killed him. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Who killed this person? The people said: Ibn Akwa’ did. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The property of the slain will belong to Ibn Akwa’.

Hazrat Ikrimah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) confronted a man and killed him, so the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the belongings of the slain man to him as a spoil of war.

Hazrat Abu Ubaidah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us Abu Jahl's sword as booty.

Hazrat Aswad bin Qais al-Abdi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Shabir bin Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When the day of the Battle of Qadisiyyah came, a man from among the Persians stood up and challenged for combat and boasted of his own greatness. Then a small man, who was called Shabir bin Alqamah, stood up. At this, the Iranian expressed anger and threw this man to the ground and pinned him. Meanwhile, Shabir grabbed the dagger that was with the Iranian and thrust it into his stomach. In this way, while doing this, Hazrat Shabir (may Allah be pleased with him) moved his hand and demonstrated. Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) got on top of him and killed him. Then he brought the spoils seized from him to Hazrat Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him). He valued it at twelve thousand and granted him this wealth as an additional reward.

Hazrat Ibn Jurayj (may Allah have mercy on him) says that I heard Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) saying that we have always heard this since our childhood that when Muslims and disbelievers meet, then a Muslim kills one of the disbelievers, then the belongings of the slain will be for the one who killed him. Except if he is in the intensity of battle and he does not know whom he has killed.

Hazrat Qasim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) was asked about the booty. He (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: The spoils taken as personal booty are an additional grant, and there is khums (one-fifth) in an additional grant.