مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب الدياتBook of Blood Money
إن المسلمين تتكافأ دماؤهمThe Blood of Muslims Is Equal Among Themselves
Hadith 29816
٢٩٨١٦ - حدثنا أبو بكر قال: حدثنا ابن عيينة عن عمرو عن مجاهد عن ابن عباس قال: كان في بني إسرائيل القصاص ولم تكن فيهم الدية، فقال اللَّه لهذه الأمة: ﴿كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصَاصُ فِي الْقَتْلَى الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ وَالْعَبْدُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَالْأُنْثَى بِالْأُنْثَى فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَأَدَاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ﴾ (١)، فالعفو أن (تقبل) (٢) ⦗٢٩٨⦘ الدية في (العبد) (٣) ﴿ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ﴾، قال: فعلى هذا أن يتبع بالمعروف، وعلى (ذاك) (٤) أن يؤدي ﴿إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ﴾ (٥) [البقرة: ١٧٨].
Hazrat Mujahid states that Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Among the Children of Israel, the law of retribution (qisas) was prescribed and blood money (diyat) was not legislated for them. Allah, the Lord of Honor, has commanded for this Ummah: Translation: Retribution for the slain has been prescribed for you—the free man for the free man, the slave for the slave, and the woman for the woman. But if any remission is made by the brother of the slain, then grant any reasonable demand and pay with good conduct to the heirs of the slain. So, in the verse, forgiveness means that in the case of intentional murder, blood money may be accepted. Verse translation: This is a concession from your Lord and a mercy. He said: Therefore, on this basis, it is necessary to follow the recognized way and it is obligatory to pay the heirs of the slain in the best manner. Verse translation: But whoever transgresses after that, for him there is a painful punishment.
