Two Types of Debt and Their Consequences in Islam

Source Attribution

This excerpt is taken from the book Aḥkām wa Masā’il in the Light of the Qur’an and Sunnah by Shaykh Mubashir Ahmad Rabbani.

❖ Question:

Is there any ḥadīth which states that debt is of two types?
(“Baynawā tujrā”)

✿ Answer:

It is narrated from ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:

“Debt is of two types:
① A person who dies while having the intention to repay his debt, then I am his guardian (responsible on his behalf).
② And the one who dies without the intention of repaying his debt, then he is the person from whom good deeds will be taken on that Day when there will be no dinar or dirham.”


This ḥadīth is reported by al-Ṭabarānī, and Shaykh al-Albānī رحمه الله has declared it ṣaḥīḥ.

Reference: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Jāmiʿ: 3418

Reference: Aḥkām al-Janā’iz: 5


Therefore, one should make every possible effort to repay debts, and rather, avoid taking loans altogether as much as possible.

May Allah Almighty grant relief from debt to all those who are indebted. Āmīn.
 
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