This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Hussain bin Mubarak Al-Mawsili's Arabic book Al-Awamer wal-Nawahi, whose Urdu translation has been done by Muhammad Sarwar Gohar Sahib under the title Ahkamat o Mamnoaat.
It is forbidden for a woman to travel without a Mahram
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Saeed Khudri (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said:
لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر أن تسافر ثلاثة أيام فصاعدا إلا ومعها أبوها أو زوجها أو ابنها أو أخوها أو ذو محرم
It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to travel for three days or more without her father, husband, son, brother, or any Mahram.
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Friday Prayer 1197, Muslim, Prayer of Travelers and Shortening it 413 / 1338.
② Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (RA) reports that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said:
لا يحل لامرأة تسافر مسيرة يوم وليلة إلا مع ذي محرم عليها
It is not permissible for a woman to travel for a day and a night without a Mahram.
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Friday Prayer 1088, Muslim, Book of Hajj 1339/421.
Prohibition of traveling alone
① Sayyiduna Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
لو أن الناس يعلمون من الوحدة ما أعلم ما سار راكب بليل وحده
The harm of traveling alone that I know of is such that if people were aware of it, no rider would travel alone at night.
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Jihad and Expedition 2998, Ibn Majah, Book of Manners 3768. Musnad Ahmad, Musnad of the Most Frequent Companions 2/32 Hadith 4747.
Prohibition of keeping a dog and a bell during travel
① Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
لا تصحب الملائكة رفقة فيها كلب ولا جرس
In a caravan in which there is a dog and a bell, the angels of mercy are not present with them.
Reference: Muslim, Book of Clothing and Adornment 2113/103, Abu Dawood, Book of Jihad 2555. Tirmidhi, Book of Jihad 1703.
