❖ The Three Types of Ḥajj: Ifrād, Qirān, and Tamattuʿ
Source: Fatawa Ameenpuri by Shaykh Ghulam Mustafa Zaheer Ameenpuri
❖ Question:
What is the ruling regarding Ḥajj Ifrād, Qirān, and Tamattuʿ?
❖ Answer:
There are three valid methods of performing Ḥajj, each with its own procedure:
① Ḥajj Ifrād (حج إفراد)
Definition:
Performing Ḥajj alone in one journey, without combining it with ʿUmrah.
Details:
- The pilgrim enters iḥrām for Ḥajj only.
- He does not perform ʿUmrah before or during the same journey.
- After completing Ḥajj, he exits iḥrām.
② Ḥajj Qirān (حج قران)
Definition:
Combining both Ḥajj and ʿUmrah in a single iḥrām.
Details:
- The pilgrim enters iḥrām with the intention of both Ḥajj and ʿUmrah.
- He performs ʿUmrah first, then remains in iḥrām until Ḥajj is completed.
- One animal sacrifice (hady) is required.
③ Ḥajj Tamattuʿ (حج تمتع)
Definition:
Performing ʿUmrah first, then Ḥajj separately within the same journey, but in two different iḥrāms.
Details:
- The pilgrim enters iḥrām for ʿUmrah, completes it, and then removes the iḥrām.
- On 8th Dhul-Ḥijjah, he enters iḥrām again, this time for Ḥajj.
- One animal sacrifice (hady) is also required.
❖ Ruling:
All three types of Ḥajj are valid and permissible.
This is established by:
- Clear verses of the Qur’an,
- Authentic Aḥādīth,
- And unanimous consensus (ijmāʿ) of the Ummah.
❖ Scholarly Consensus:
❀ Imam Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Qurṭubī رحمه الله (d. 671 AH) said:
"إن كل ذلك جائز بإجماع."
"All of these (three types of Ḥajj) are permissible — and this is by unanimous consensus."
(Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī: 2/390)
✔ Summary:
Ḥajj Ifrād — Ḥajj only Ḥajj Qirān — ʿUmrah + Ḥajj together, one iḥrām Ḥajj Tamattuʿ — ʿUmrah then Ḥajj, two iḥrāmsAll are valid and acceptable methods, and a pilgrim may choose any of the three based on their convenience and circumstances.
