This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Hussain bin Mubarak Al-Mawsili's Arabic book Al-Awamer wal-Nawahi, which has been translated into Urdu by Muhammad Sarwar Gohar Sahib under the title Ahkamat o Mamnoaat.
① Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه narrates, my beloved Khalil صلى الله عليه وسلم advised me to observe three things:
صيام ثلاثة أيام من كل شهر، وركعتي الضحى، وأن أوتر قبل أن أنام
"Fasting three days every month, performing two rak'ahs of Duha prayer, and to pray Witr before sleeping."
Reference: Bukhari, Kitab al-Jumu'ah 1178. Muslim, Kitab Salat al-Musafirin wa Qasriha 721.
② Sayyida Aisha رضي الله عنها narrates, the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم used to pray four rak'ahs of Duha and would pray more as much as Allah willed.
Reference: Muslim 719.
③ Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
من حافظ على شفعة الضحى غفرت ذنوبه وإن كانت مثل زبد البحر
"Whoever guards the two rak'ahs of Duha, his sins will be forgiven even if they are like the foam of the sea."
Reference: Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Salat 476. This narration is weak. In its chain, Al-Nahhas bin Qahm is weak. Al-Taqreeb 7188.
④ Sayyiduna Anas رضي الله عنه narrates, the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
من صلى الضحى ثنتي عشرة ركعة بنى الله له قصرا من ذهب فى الجنة
"Whoever prays twelve rak'ahs of Duha, Allah will build for him a palace of gold in Paradise."
Reference: Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Salat 473. This narration is weak. In its chain, Muhammad bin Ishaq is a fabricator and narrates from 'An.
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:
يا بلال حدثني بأرجى عمل عملته عندك فى الإسلام فإني سمعت خشف نعليك بين يدي فى الجنة؟
"O Bilal! Tell me about the deed in Islam by which you are most hopeful, for I have heard the sound of your footsteps ahead of me in Paradise."
Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The deed I have done in Islam and in which I am most hopeful is that whenever I perform ablution at any time of the day or night, I pray as much as Allah has decreed for me after that ablution.
Reference: Bukhari, Kitab al-Jumu'ah 1149; Muslim, Fada'il al-Sahabah 2458.
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) entered the mosque, and a man came, prayed, and greeted the Prophet (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) responded to his greeting and said:
ارجع فصل فإنك لم تصل
"Go back and pray, for you have not prayed."
So he went back and prayed as he had before. Then he came back and greeted the Prophet (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) returned his greeting and said:
ارجع فصل فإنك لم تصل
"Go back and pray, for you have not prayed."
This happened three times, and the man said: By the One Who sent you with the truth, I cannot pray better than this, so please teach me. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
إذا قمت إلى الصلاة فكبر ثم اقرأ ما تيسر معك من القرآن، ثم اركع حتى تطمئن راكعا، ثم ارفع حتى تعدل قائما، ثم اسجد حتى تطمئن ساجدا، ثم ارفع حتى تطمئن جالسا، وافعل ذلك فى صلاتك كلها
"When you stand for prayer, say Takbir (Allahu Akbar), then recite whatever Quran you know, then bow until you feel tranquility in bowing, then stand up until you stand properly, then prostrate until you prostrate with tranquility, then sit until you sit with tranquility, and perform your entire prayer in this manner."
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Adhan 793. Muslim, Book of Prayer 397 / 42,45. Abu Dawood, Book of Prayer 856.
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
من نسي صلاة فليصلها إذا ذكرها، لا كفارة لها إلا ذلك
"Whoever forgets to pray, then when he remembers, let him pray; there is no expiation for it other than that."
Sayyiduna Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) recited this verse: ﴿وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي﴾ "Establish prayer for My remembrance."
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Times of Prayer 597. Muslim, Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer 684. Abu Dawood, Book of Prayer 442.
② Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) also narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
إذا رقد أحدكم عن الصلاة أو غفل عنها فليصلها إذا ذكرها فإن الله عز وجل يقول:
"When any one of you does not pray due to sleep or forgetfulness, then when he remembers, let him pray, for Allah the Exalted says: Establish prayer for My remembrance."
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Times of Prayer 597. Muslim, Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer 684. Abu Dawood, Book of Prayer 442.
﴿وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي﴾
