Taken from: "Ahkam wa Masail in the Light of the Qur’an and Hadith", Volume 02
If the weather is bad, it is raining, or there is a possibility of rain, is it permissible to combine prayers in such a situation? Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ever combine prayers due to rain?
✦ Combining prayers solely due to rain in the state of residence (ḥaḍar) is not directly established from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ through authentic narrations.
There is no conclusive evidence from the Sunnah that the Prophet ﷺ ever performed jamʿ taqdīm (early combination) or jamʿ ta’khīr (delayed combination) in ḥaḍar due to rain.
However, apparent combining of prayers (jamʿ ṣūrī) is allowed—this involves:
This form of combining is permissible both with and without rain, and some scholars allow it to ease hardship during poor weather conditions without contradicting the prayer timings.
① Jamʿ taqdīm or jamʿ ta’khīr in ḥaḍar (non-travel) is not proven from the Prophet ﷺ even in the case of rain.
② Jamʿ ṣūrī (apparent combination) is permissible during rain as a means of easing hardship.
③ There is no direct Sunnah supporting formal combining of prayers in residence due to rain.
Wallāhu Aʿlam.
❀ Question:
If the weather is bad, it is raining, or there is a possibility of rain, is it permissible to combine prayers in such a situation? Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ever combine prayers due to rain?
❀ Answer:
✦ Combining prayers solely due to rain in the state of residence (ḥaḍar) is not directly established from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ through authentic narrations.
There is no conclusive evidence from the Sunnah that the Prophet ﷺ ever performed jamʿ taqdīm (early combination) or jamʿ ta’khīr (delayed combination) in ḥaḍar due to rain.
✿ Permissibility of
However, apparent combining of prayers (jamʿ ṣūrī) is allowed—this involves:
- Praying the first prayer at the end of its time, and
- The second prayer at the beginning of its time,
so that the two prayers appear to be joined, but each is still performed within its designated time.
This form of combining is permissible both with and without rain, and some scholars allow it to ease hardship during poor weather conditions without contradicting the prayer timings.
✦ Summary of Key Points:
① Jamʿ taqdīm or jamʿ ta’khīr in ḥaḍar (non-travel) is not proven from the Prophet ﷺ even in the case of rain.
② Jamʿ ṣūrī (apparent combination) is permissible during rain as a means of easing hardship.
③ There is no direct Sunnah supporting formal combining of prayers in residence due to rain.
Wallāhu Aʿlam.
