Source: Sharḥ Kitāb al-Jāmiʿ from Bulūgh al-Marām by Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
Translation: Ḥāfiẓ ʿAbd al-Salām bin Muḥammad Bhaṭwī
وعن أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم:
لا يدخل الجنة خب ولا بخيل ولا سيء الملكة
It is narrated from Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (رضي الله عنه) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
“A deceitful person, a miser, and one who mistreats those under his authority will not enter Paradise.”
Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, who separated it into two ḥadīths, and its chain is weak.
Reason for Weakness:
Both narrations contain the narrator Farqad al-Sabakhī, about whom al-Ḥāfiẓ said:
Ṣadūq (truthful), devout, but weak in narration and makes many mistakes.
[Taqrīb al-Tahdhīb]
Nonetheless, the condemnation of these traits is supported by numerous authentic ahādīth.
خَبٌّ:
(With fatḥah on the "khā’") — means a deceitful, cunning individual who manipulates others through trickery.
سَيِّئُ الْمَلَكَةِ:
From malaka–yamliku — refers to one who is bad in ownership or authority, i.e.,
✔ Mistreats slaves or subordinates
✔ Overburdens them with tasks beyond their capacity
✔ Abuses them verbally or physically
✔ Neglects their food, rest, or medical needs
While the chain of narration is weak, the message is consistent with authentic Islamic teachings:
Deceit (khabb):
– Contradicts the character of a believer
– Leads to betrayal, manipulation, and injustice
Miserliness (bukhul):
– Allah and His Messenger ﷺ condemned miserliness repeatedly
– It reflects a diseased heart, overly attached to wealth
Abuse of Authority (sū’ al-malkah):
– Direct oppression of those under one’s care
– A form of injustice (ẓulm) which is warned against in the strongest terms
Multiple authentic narrations highlight the dangers of these behaviors:
The Prophet ﷺ said:
"المكر والخديعة في النار"
"Deceit and trickery lead to the Fire."
[Musnad Aḥmad — Ṣaḥīḥ]
And he ﷺ said:
"من لا يرحم لا يُرحم"
"Whoever does not show mercy will not be shown mercy."
[Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim]
✔ The narration is weak in chain but correct in meaning
✔ Paradise is denied to those who possess deep-rooted moral corruption, such as:
① Deceit and treachery
② Miserliness and withholding rightful dues
③ Tyrannical treatment of those under one’s care
✔ Islam calls believers to be truthful, generous, and just in all relationships
✔ These sins are not light — they indicate a lack of sincere faith and lead to Allah’s punishment unless repented from
Translation: Ḥāfiẓ ʿAbd al-Salām bin Muḥammad Bhaṭwī
❖ Ḥadīth
وعن أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم:
لا يدخل الجنة خب ولا بخيل ولا سيء الملكة
It is narrated from Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (رضي الله عنه) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
“A deceitful person, a miser, and one who mistreats those under his authority will not enter Paradise.”
Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, who separated it into two ḥadīths, and its chain is weak.
Referencing
- Ḍaʿīf (Weak):
– [Tirmidhī 1963]: “No deceitful person, one who reminds others of his favours (mannān), or a miser will enter Paradise.”
Graded weak by al-Albānī — see Ḍaʿīf al-Tirmidhī [330]
– [Tirmidhī 1946]: “The one who mistreats those under his control will not enter Paradise.”
Graded weak — see Ḍaʿīf al-Tirmidhī [336] and Tuhfat al-Ashrāf [5/304–305]
Reason for Weakness:
Both narrations contain the narrator Farqad al-Sabakhī, about whom al-Ḥāfiẓ said:
Ṣadūq (truthful), devout, but weak in narration and makes many mistakes.
[Taqrīb al-Tahdhīb]
Nonetheless, the condemnation of these traits is supported by numerous authentic ahādīth.
✦ Vocabulary
خَبٌّ:
(With fatḥah on the "khā’") — means a deceitful, cunning individual who manipulates others through trickery.
سَيِّئُ الْمَلَكَةِ:
From malaka–yamliku — refers to one who is bad in ownership or authority, i.e.,
✔ Mistreats slaves or subordinates
✔ Overburdens them with tasks beyond their capacity
✔ Abuses them verbally or physically
✔ Neglects their food, rest, or medical needs
✿ Key Points & Benefits
➊ The Traits Mentioned Are Morally and Spiritually Destructive
While the chain of narration is weak, the message is consistent with authentic Islamic teachings:
Deceit (khabb):– Contradicts the character of a believer
– Leads to betrayal, manipulation, and injustice
Miserliness (bukhul):– Allah and His Messenger ﷺ condemned miserliness repeatedly
– It reflects a diseased heart, overly attached to wealth
Abuse of Authority (sū’ al-malkah):– Direct oppression of those under one’s care
– A form of injustice (ẓulm) which is warned against in the strongest terms
➋ Even Though the Ḥadīth Is Weak, the Message Is Sound
Multiple authentic narrations highlight the dangers of these behaviors:
The Prophet ﷺ said:"المكر والخديعة في النار"
"Deceit and trickery lead to the Fire."
[Musnad Aḥmad — Ṣaḥīḥ]
And he ﷺ said:"من لا يرحم لا يُرحم"
"Whoever does not show mercy will not be shown mercy."
[Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim]
Summary
✔ The narration is weak in chain but correct in meaning
✔ Paradise is denied to those who possess deep-rooted moral corruption, such as:
① Deceit and treachery
② Miserliness and withholding rightful dues
③ Tyrannical treatment of those under one’s care
✔ Islam calls believers to be truthful, generous, and just in all relationships
✔ These sins are not light — they indicate a lack of sincere faith and lead to Allah’s punishment unless repented from
