Source: Fatāwā Arkān-e-Islām
◈ It is not permissible to swear by the Prophet ﷺ.
◈ This is considered a form of shirk, because the Prophet ﷺ is a created being, and swearing by any created being falls into the category of shirk.
◈ It is not permissible to swear by the Kaʿbah.
◈ This too is a form of shirk, since the Kaʿbah is also a creation of Allah ﷻ.
◈ Swearing by one’s honour or responsibility is also not permissible.
◈ The Prophet ﷺ said:
«مَنْ حَلَفَ بِغَيْرِ اللّٰهِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ اَوْ اَشْرَك»
(Jāmiʿ al-Tirmidhī, Kitāb al-Nudhūr wa-al-Aymān, Ḥadīth: 1535)
“Whoever swears by other than Allah has committed disbelief or shirk.”
◈ In another narration:
«لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ َمَنْ کَانَ حَالِفًا فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللَّه أو ليصمتِ»
(Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Ḥadīth: 6108; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Ḥadīth: 1646)
“Do not swear by your fathers. Whoever must swear, let him swear by Allah or remain silent.”
◈ When a person says, “It is on my responsibility,” it usually does not mean an oath.
◈ In common speech, this phrase indicates a promise or commitment, meaning: “It is my duty and I will fulfil it.”
◈ However, if someone deliberately uses the word Dhimmā in the sense of an oath, it will be classed as swearing by other than Allah — which is impermissible.
◈ In most cases, people use it for a pledge, not an oath, and in common usage it carries the meaning of commitment rather than swearing.
ھذا ما عندي والله أعلم بالصواب
1. Swearing by the Prophet ﷺ
◈ It is not permissible to swear by the Prophet ﷺ.
◈ This is considered a form of shirk, because the Prophet ﷺ is a created being, and swearing by any created being falls into the category of shirk.
2. Swearing by the Kaʿbah
◈ It is not permissible to swear by the Kaʿbah.
◈ This too is a form of shirk, since the Kaʿbah is also a creation of Allah ﷻ.
3. Swearing by Honour (Sharaf) or Responsibility (Dhimmā)
◈ Swearing by one’s honour or responsibility is also not permissible.
◈ The Prophet ﷺ said:
«مَنْ حَلَفَ بِغَيْرِ اللّٰهِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ اَوْ اَشْرَك»
(Jāmiʿ al-Tirmidhī, Kitāb al-Nudhūr wa-al-Aymān, Ḥadīth: 1535)
“Whoever swears by other than Allah has committed disbelief or shirk.”
◈ In another narration:
«لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ َمَنْ کَانَ حَالِفًا فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللَّه أو ليصمتِ»
(Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Ḥadīth: 6108; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Ḥadīth: 1646)
“Do not swear by your fathers. Whoever must swear, let him swear by Allah or remain silent.”
4. Saying: “It is on my responsibility” (Dhimmā)
◈ When a person says, “It is on my responsibility,” it usually does not mean an oath.
◈ In common speech, this phrase indicates a promise or commitment, meaning: “It is my duty and I will fulfil it.”
◈ However, if someone deliberately uses the word Dhimmā in the sense of an oath, it will be classed as swearing by other than Allah — which is impermissible.
◈ In most cases, people use it for a pledge, not an oath, and in common usage it carries the meaning of commitment rather than swearing.
ھذا ما عندي والله أعلم بالصواب
